{"id":12651,"date":"2024-07-22T10:20:39","date_gmt":"2024-07-22T02:20:39","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/www.elepcb.com\/?p=12651"},"modified":"2026-05-15T18:09:31","modified_gmt":"2026-05-15T10:09:31","slug":"soldering-defects","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.elepcb.com\/hu\/blog\/soldering-defects\/","title":{"rendered":"A folyamatm\u00e9rn\u00f6k \u00fatmutat\u00f3ja a gyakori PCB forraszt\u00e1si hib\u00e1khoz"},"content":{"rendered":"\t\t<div data-elementor-type=\"wp-page\" data-elementor-id=\"12651\" class=\"elementor elementor-12651\" data-elementor-post-type=\"post\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-21928898 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"21928898\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\" data-settings=\"{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-c7ec38b\" data-id=\"c7ec38b\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-498bb1f8 elementor-toc--minimized-on-tablet elementor-widget elementor-widget-table-of-contents\" data-id=\"498bb1f8\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-settings=\"{&quot;exclude_headings_by_selector&quot;:[],&quot;headings_by_tags&quot;:[&quot;h2&quot;,&quot;h3&quot;],&quot;no_headings_message&quot;:&quot;No headings were found on this page.&quot;,&quot;marker_view&quot;:&quot;numbers&quot;,&quot;minimize_box&quot;:&quot;yes&quot;,&quot;minimized_on&quot;:&quot;tablet&quot;,&quot;hierarchical_view&quot;:&quot;yes&quot;,&quot;min_height&quot;:{&quot;unit&quot;:&quot;px&quot;,&quot;size&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;sizes&quot;:[]},&quot;min_height_tablet&quot;:{&quot;unit&quot;:&quot;px&quot;,&quot;size&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;sizes&quot;:[]},&quot;min_height_mobile&quot;:{&quot;unit&quot;:&quot;px&quot;,&quot;size&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;sizes&quot;:[]}}\" data-widget_type=\"table-of-contents.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-toc__header\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<h4 class=\"elementor-toc__header-title\">\n\t\t\t\tTable of Contents\t\t\t<\/h4>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-toc__toggle-button elementor-toc__toggle-button--expand\" role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" aria-controls=\"elementor-toc__498bb1f8\" aria-expanded=\"true\" aria-label=\"Open table of contents\"><i aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"fas fa-chevron-down\"><\/i><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-toc__toggle-button elementor-toc__toggle-button--collapse\" role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" aria-controls=\"elementor-toc__498bb1f8\" aria-expanded=\"true\" aria-label=\"Close table of contents\"><i aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"fas fa-chevron-up\"><\/i><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-toc__498bb1f8\" class=\"elementor-toc__body\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-toc__spinner-container\">\n\t\t\t\t<i class=\"elementor-toc__spinner eicon-animation-spin eicon-loading\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/i>\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-23e9a6b9 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"23e9a6b9\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div data-page-id=\"K5cQdPyqAoIVz9xiCVzcrjK4n2e\" data-lark-html-role=\"root\" data-docx-has-block-data=\"false\"><div data-page-id=\"K5cQdPyqAoIVz9xiCVzcrjK4n2e\" data-lark-html-role=\"root\" data-docx-has-block-data=\"false\"><div data-page-id=\"ZzVndCoYjoIIzhx50mjcQDcLnue\" data-lark-html-role=\"root\" data-docx-has-block-data=\"false\"><div data-page-id=\"SKC7dw5mIo9QKNxSgwPcggXAnRh\" data-lark-html-role=\"root\" data-docx-has-block-data=\"false\"><div data-page-id=\"BaAqdv8UmonE8ZxHyouc2xGbn6c\" data-lark-html-role=\"root\" data-docx-has-block-data=\"false\"><div>Soldering is a critical process in PCB\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/www.elepcb.com\/pcb-assembly-process-and-services\/\">assembly<\/a>\u00a0and\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/www.elepcb.com\/pcb-manufacturing-process-and-services\/\">manufacturing<\/a>. However, various soldering defects can occur, decreasing reliability and functionality. This comprehensive guide examines the most common soldering defects, their causes, how to prevent them, and repair techniques. With an understanding of potential soldering issues, PCB manufacturers and assemblers can implement targeted strategies to avoid defects and optimize the soldering process.<\/div><div>\u00a0<\/div><div>With<a href=\"https:\/\/www.elepcb.com\/\">\u00a0ELE<\/a>, a dependable PCB manufacturer &amp; assembler, you will never have to be concerned about soldering defects. As a one-stop PCB assembler, ELE always pays attention to every link in the production chain, including\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/www.elepcb.com\/blog\/wave-soldering\/\">wave soldering<\/a>\u00a0and\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/www.elepcb.com\/blog\/pcb-reflow-soldering\/\">reflow soldering<\/a>.<\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-84fc3b3 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"84fc3b3\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-b4e2641\" data-id=\"b4e2641\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-20138ca elementor-widget elementor-widget-spacer\" data-id=\"20138ca\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"spacer.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-spacer\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-spacer-inner\"><\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-7b95f55 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"7b95f55\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-2f244f4\" data-id=\"2f244f4\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-069bda6 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"069bda6\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\"><b>Common Soldering Defects and Failure Modes<\/b><\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-4d36313 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"4d36313\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div data-page-id=\"KHt7dfI87ovw2WxqCl2cU5HrnAb\" data-docx-has-block-data=\"false\"><div class=\" old-record-id-QK9hdCdTzoh4j4xuBQmcAZQSn5b\"><div data-page-id=\"JJqidAkc4o8Ha2xNMZjc8iVEnnd\" data-docx-has-block-data=\"false\"><div class=\"ace-line ace-line old-record-id-Cd8xdeMY0oEs0HxVrerchebZn4e\"><div data-page-id=\"C7kadMvWBoLcoaxp16dcA1WpnYg\" data-docx-has-block-data=\"false\"><div class=\"ace-line ace-line old-record-id-CLe7dnvWtorSlzxzbxwc19pVncf\"><div data-page-id=\"C7kadMvWBoLcoaxp16dcA1WpnYg\" data-docx-has-block-data=\"false\"><div class=\"ace-line ace-line old-record-id-JaSGdRT2Rop8PqxVwpFczsyKnne\"><div data-page-id=\"MeuBdRwOzotJIExk6T6c5yscnJg\" data-docx-has-block-data=\"false\"><div class=\"ace-line ace-line old-record-id-Ga73d9UrFofxnixTRzYceu0Yn1c\"><div data-page-id=\"Cfz7dsVfeoADJlxTR4CcLXqOnub\" data-docx-has-block-data=\"false\"><div class=\"ace-line ace-line old-record-id-K6EpdgkSWoP2JAxVqa2coRspnjd\">This section outlines the most prevalent soldering defects, grouped into categories based on the failure mode.<\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-c81a289 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"c81a289\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h3 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\"><b>Open Circuits<\/b><\/h3>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-53390df elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"53390df\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div data-page-id=\"Cfz7dsVfeoADJlxTR4CcLXqOnub\" data-docx-has-block-data=\"false\"><div class=\"ace-line ace-line old-record-id-TIbydi7zko517VxCzmycl89Sn1c\">First, let&#8217;s discuss the <a href=\"https:\/\/www.elepcb.com\/blog\/open-circuits-in-pcbs\/\">open circuit<\/a> where current cannot flow. For the current to flow through the circuit, an uninterrupted path is needed, the so-called &#8220;closed circuit&#8221;. If there is any interruption or break in the circuit, it becomes an open circuit, which prevents the current from flowing. In an open circuit, the two terminals are not connected, resulting in a break in circuit continuity. Even though no current is flowing, there may still be a voltage drop between two points in the circuit.<\/div><\/div>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-c244dd7 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"c244dd7\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div data-page-id=\"MeuBdRwOzotJIExk6T6c5yscnJg\" data-docx-has-block-data=\"false\"><div class=\"ace-line ace-line old-record-id-YONedRq0aog9W6x23MIceNEhnzb\"><div data-page-id=\"Cfz7dsVfeoADJlxTR4CcLXqOnub\" data-docx-has-block-data=\"false\"><ul><li class=\"ace-line ace-line old-record-id-OTgudsYumoEmfLxXqIfcsAUUnWe\"><strong>Solder Opens:<\/strong> An open solder joint occurs when there is no connection between the component lead and the PCB pad. This usually happens when the lead and pad do not bond adequately. Opens lead to an incomplete circuit.<\/li><li class=\"ace-line ace-line old-record-id-CWm7dPcp5o3TxYxoNVIcz20wnph\"><strong>Lifted Pads:<\/strong> The pad detaches from the PCB surface due to excess heat or vibration during soldering. This results in a loss of electrical connection.<\/li><li class=\"ace-line ace-line old-record-id-PLiedd3qhoYKqgxPQJ0cmlJCnck\"><strong>Solder Skips:<\/strong> Skips happen when solder paste is missed on SMD pads, leaving portions of the joint unsoldered. This can create open circuits.<\/li><\/ul><\/div><\/div><\/div>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-ea0203e elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"ea0203e\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-4d6179a\" data-id=\"4d6179a\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-2021a12 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"2021a12\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<h4><em>Engineer&#8217;s Log<\/em><\/h4>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-601eacd elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"601eacd\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div data-page-id=\"ZvVCdKAgfocsqHxOXSvcXZdnnzf\" data-lark-html-role=\"root\" data-docx-has-block-data=\"false\"><div class=\"ace-line ace-line old-record-id-FXaVd560eo39nVxkrLHckRQbnRc\">We once faced a long-standing tombstoning issues on a high component density board using 0402 capacitors. Automated Optical Inspection (AOI) consistently flagged the same component locations. The culprit was not the reflow profile but the PCB design, since one capacitor pad was connected to a very large ground plane, while the other pad was connected to a very small trace.<\/div><\/div>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-5667265 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"5667265\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div data-page-id=\"ZvVCdKAgfocsqHxOXSvcXZdnnzf\" data-lark-html-role=\"root\" data-docx-has-block-data=\"false\"><div class=\"ace-line ace-line old-record-id-Wjl9d2svUoyPXvxEUZHcnilLnTe\">During reflow, the small trace pad would get hot and reflow faster, pulling the part down by wire-polar forces, while the other side was still a heat sink and not yet reflowed. To solve this problem, we edited the design to add thermal reliefs to the ground plane connection, So sharing the load equally and making the part stable.<\/div><\/div>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-1cd2949 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"1cd2949\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-fc0b61a\" data-id=\"fc0b61a\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-b7c2968 elementor-widget elementor-widget-spacer\" data-id=\"b7c2968\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"spacer.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-spacer\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-spacer-inner\"><\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-2ed33bf elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"2ed33bf\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h3 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\"><b>Short Circuits<\/b><\/h3>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-6eede57 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"6eede57\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div data-page-id=\"Cfz7dsVfeoADJlxTR4CcLXqOnub\" data-docx-has-block-data=\"false\"><div class=\"ace-line ace-line old-record-id-PtwqdhyHgoNmGhx0U03cXmKrnEf\">A <a href=\"https:\/\/www.elepcb.com\/blog\/pcb-short-circuit\/\">short circuit<\/a> is an unexpectedly low resistance path that passes through an unusually high current. A short circuit occurs whenever the resistance of the circuit, or the resistance value of a part of the circuit, drops to almost zero ohms. Short circuits are usually caused by improper wiring or damaged insulation.<\/div><\/div>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-8f15d5a elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"8f15d5a\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div data-page-id=\"C7kadMvWBoLcoaxp16dcA1WpnYg\" data-docx-has-block-data=\"false\"><div data-page-id=\"MeuBdRwOzotJIExk6T6c5yscnJg\" data-docx-has-block-data=\"false\"><div class=\"ace-line ace-line old-record-id-PMmNdDabQoA8Q5xbItEcsQGHnKh\"><div data-page-id=\"Cfz7dsVfeoADJlxTR4CcLXqOnub\" data-docx-has-block-data=\"false\"><ul><li class=\"ace-line ace-line old-record-id-V1xxdyPBsoDGlqxnHgrc0FOInGb\"><strong>Solder Bridges:<\/strong> Solder forms an unintended connection between adjacent PCB conductors, creating a short. Bridges frequently result from excess solder.<\/li><li class=\"ace-line ace-line old-record-id-QergduZ7do2V5Fx3ukhcpX2BnBd\"><strong>Solder Balls:<\/strong> Small solder balls may form on the PCB surface during reflow. These can cause shorts if trapped between conductors.<\/li><li class=\"ace-line ace-line old-record-id-HjywdDyzaoZTLxxKJkqcakgpnyB\"><strong>Solder Splash:<\/strong> A splatter of tiny solder droplets can lead to shorts. Splashes generally arise from solder impurities or contaminants.<\/li><\/ul><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-7ec2cad elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"7ec2cad\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-08a709f\" data-id=\"08a709f\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-7484e96 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"7484e96\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<h4><em>Engineer&#8217;s Log<\/em><\/h4>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-b8acaef elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"b8acaef\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>A new product using a 0.4mm pitch QFP was failing functional tests due to intermittent shorts. Visual inspection was difficult, but X-ray revealed tiny, hair-like solder bridges between pins. The solder paste volume was correct, but the paste was slumping and spreading before reflow. The problem was twofold: the stencil aperture was cut slightly too large for the pad, and the solder paste itself had poor slump characteristics.<\/p><p>We switched to a laser-cut, electro-polished stencil with a 10% aperture reduction and qualified a new solder paste with higher metal content and better rheology. This provided the crisp print definition needed to eliminate the bridging.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-324c8ab elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"324c8ab\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-537cf34\" data-id=\"537cf34\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-b951922 elementor-widget elementor-widget-spacer\" data-id=\"b951922\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"spacer.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-spacer\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-spacer-inner\"><\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-26ecc90 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"26ecc90\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h3 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\"><b>Weak Joints<\/b><\/h3>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-b53c94a elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"b53c94a\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div data-page-id=\"Cfz7dsVfeoADJlxTR4CcLXqOnub\" data-docx-has-block-data=\"false\"><ul><li class=\"ace-line ace-line old-record-id-PeDNdeeedoxOyYxBJnPcQqcqnie\"><strong>Cold Solder Joints: <\/strong>Inadequate heat during soldering leads to incomplete wetting and weak, \u201ccold\u201d joints. These are identifiable by a rough, dull surface.<\/li><li class=\"ace-line ace-line old-record-id-I3eDdcIfloSioExHGJwc5mznnBh\"><strong>Disturbed Joints:<\/strong> Also called \u201cdisturbed solder joints.\u201d Movement of components during soldering prevents proper bonding and causes reliability issues.<\/li><li class=\"ace-line ace-line old-record-id-SoANdJjkeoKdI1xf9HccB9ImnDh\"><strong>Solder Voids:<\/strong> Gaps or holes within the solder joint significantly reduce connection strength. Voids are caused by contamination or poor wetting.<\/li><li class=\"ace-line ace-line old-record-id-RM8zdZUqGorXaRxpew7cmveqn0B\"><strong>Insufficient <\/strong><strong>Solder<\/strong><strong>: <\/strong>Too little solder applied to a joint leads to poor electrical and mechanical performance. The joint may appear underfilled.<\/li><\/ul><\/div>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-2bb0d6d elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"2bb0d6d\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-efd9ee7\" data-id=\"efd9ee7\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-0b13037 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"0b13037\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<h4><em>Engineer&#8217;s Log<\/em><\/h4>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-b25670a elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"b25670a\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Gas pockets trapped within the solder joint, visible on X-ray. These are often caused by outgassing from flux volatiles that don&#8217;t have time to escape. While small voids are often acceptable per IPC standards, large voids under the thermal pad of a QFN, for example, can severely degrade thermal performance and lead to component overheating.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-3adef51 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"3adef51\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-413df67\" data-id=\"413df67\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-f6cea7a elementor-widget elementor-widget-spacer\" data-id=\"f6cea7a\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"spacer.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-spacer\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-spacer-inner\"><\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-086f985 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"086f985\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h3 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\"><b>Other Defects<\/b><\/h3>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-a891b5a elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"a891b5a\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div data-page-id=\"C7kadMvWBoLcoaxp16dcA1WpnYg\" data-docx-has-block-data=\"false\"><div class=\"ace-line ace-line old-record-id-doxcnqbrFzalUrklCOqQ2PNHbAe\"><div data-page-id=\"C7kadMvWBoLcoaxp16dcA1WpnYg\" data-docx-has-block-data=\"false\"><div class=\"ace-line ace-line old-record-id-doxcntBR97KxYpGJ6Id1xjhu9Nh\"><div data-page-id=\"MeuBdRwOzotJIExk6T6c5yscnJg\" data-docx-has-block-data=\"false\"><div class=\"ace-line ace-line old-record-id-P9AFdA6tBokcMwxDYckcYdE3nrh\"><div data-page-id=\"Cfz7dsVfeoADJlxTR4CcLXqOnub\" data-docx-has-block-data=\"false\"><ul><li class=\"ace-line ace-line old-record-id-K8BtdRKLOobzVJxWhqSc93PLner\"><strong>Solder Dewetting:<\/strong> The solder does not adequately adhere to the PCB pad or component lead. Dewetting is visible in areas lacking solder coverage.<\/li><li class=\"ace-line ace-line old-record-id-Sim5dNLQqoqlisxXRmWcqN4DnQh\"><strong>Solder Flux Residue:<\/strong> Leftover flux after soldering can lead to corrosion or insulation resistance issues. Flux residues appear as white, brown, or clear residues.<\/li><li class=\"ace-line ace-line old-record-id-SiXAd36JAoHPXMxBBPwcJpW1ntb\"><strong>Solder Cracking:<\/strong> Cracks within solder joints, are often caused by stress or repeated thermal cycling. Cracked joints have reduced strength and conductivity.<\/li><li class=\"ace-line ace-line old-record-id-FWr8duANjo58wkxLmi2cyvLNnJf\"><strong>Tombstoning:<\/strong> During reflow, one end of the component lifts from the pad, resembling a tombstone. This misalignment causes opens or shorts.<\/li><\/ul><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-3a123e2 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"3a123e2\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\"><b>Causes of Common PCB Soldering Defects<\/b><\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-ffce650 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"ffce650\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div data-page-id=\"C7kadMvWBoLcoaxp16dcA1WpnYg\" data-docx-has-block-data=\"false\"><div class=\"ace-line ace-line old-record-id-doxcnqbrFzalUrklCOqQ2PNHbAe\"><div data-page-id=\"C7kadMvWBoLcoaxp16dcA1WpnYg\" data-docx-has-block-data=\"false\"><div class=\"ace-line ace-line old-record-id-doxcntBR97KxYpGJ6Id1xjhu9Nh\"><div data-page-id=\"C7kadMvWBoLcoaxp16dcA1WpnYg\" data-docx-has-block-data=\"false\"><div class=\"ace-line ace-line old-record-id-doxcnrN1PEWv2xKiXMYXCjeG6ue\"><div data-page-id=\"MeuBdRwOzotJIExk6T6c5yscnJg\" data-docx-has-block-data=\"false\"><div class=\"ace-line ace-line old-record-id-RzUud8jeMoagvExzNbncdxSOnjf\"><div data-page-id=\"MeuBdRwOzotJIExk6T6c5yscnJg\" data-docx-has-block-data=\"false\"><div class=\"ace-line ace-line old-record-id-AcbfdaM1foMzFWxF9ctc4afZnmf\"><div data-page-id=\"Cfz7dsVfeoADJlxTR4CcLXqOnub\" data-docx-has-block-data=\"false\"><div class=\"ace-line ace-line old-record-id-KiuSd88kQo09WpxKBN5cr76Ynhg\">Understanding what causes soldering defects is key to preventing them. Here are some of the most common root causes of the failure modes outlined above:<\/div><ul class=\"list-bullet1\"><li class=\"ace-line ace-line old-record-id-RCibdSwZqoeAlExGrMfcQkVxnMb\" data-list=\"bullet\"><div>Insufficient heat or cooling too quickly during soldering leads to cold joints, voids, poor wetting, and other defects.<\/div><\/li><li class=\"ace-line ace-line old-record-id-CtySdqbNhozIeixkAdFcJejKnTd\" data-list=\"bullet\"><div>Excessive solder quantity can create bridges, icicles, and tombstoning. Too little solder causes open and dewetting.<\/div><\/li><li class=\"ace-line ace-line old-record-id-MkwEd32q9oaqmOxurDEcngysn7b\" data-list=\"bullet\"><div>Solder contamination from oils, oxides, grease, or chemicals leads to dewetting, voids, icicles, and other reliability issues.<\/div><\/li><li class=\"ace-line ace-line old-record-id-PR86dJ8FZoPRkbx34qZcu2V1ntb\" data-list=\"bullet\"><div>Component misalignment or movement during reflow causes tombstoning, distortion, and disturbed joints.<\/div><\/li><li class=\"ace-line ace-line old-record-id-YjMGdCsomoEK2OxwUP7cOGklnjg\" data-list=\"bullet\"><div>Design issues like insufficient thermal relief, small pad sizes, or improper pad spacing contribute to tombstoning, bridges, and skips.<\/div><\/li><li class=\"ace-line ace-line old-record-id-S6TndKvzKodEn9x0edLc9gX6nkh\" data-list=\"bullet\"><div>Excessive thermal shock during soldering or operation lifts pads and causes cracking over time.<\/div><\/li><li class=\"ace-line ace-line old-record-id-JoWwdFQSzo7hJlx0T7VcBsPtnpg\" data-list=\"bullet\"><div>Residual soldering flux increases insulation resistance and creates the potential for corrosion.<\/div><\/li><li class=\"ace-line ace-line old-record-id-ZB8LduuppoIIKDxFs1hcC7nTnM1\" data-list=\"bullet\"><div>Solder paste quality issues like high slump, low metal content, or contamination cause solder balling, spatter, and bridging.<\/div><\/li><\/ul><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-caa7df4 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"caa7df4\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\"><b>Prevention of PCB Soldering Defects<\/b><\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-4e3e4a6 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"4e3e4a6\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div data-page-id=\"KHt7dfI87ovw2WxqCl2cU5HrnAb\" data-docx-has-block-data=\"false\"><div class=\"ace-line ace-line old-record-id-XLT6dI7hzoJQsjxqq0QcfmIJnKc\"><div data-page-id=\"JJqidAkc4o8Ha2xNMZjc8iVEnnd\" data-docx-has-block-data=\"false\"><div class=\"ace-line ace-line old-record-id-ZlRZdtbgMomAuqxeQwAcqkUpnLL\"><div data-page-id=\"C7kadMvWBoLcoaxp16dcA1WpnYg\" data-docx-has-block-data=\"false\"><div class=\"ace-line ace-line old-record-id-doxcnzTd6F6qWM9mYNepiVZmApf\"><div data-page-id=\"MeuBdRwOzotJIExk6T6c5yscnJg\" data-docx-has-block-data=\"false\"><div class=\"ace-line ace-line old-record-id-TVGmdGv91ovBEWxhnDIc7p6Xntf\"><div data-page-id=\"Cfz7dsVfeoADJlxTR4CcLXqOnub\" data-docx-has-block-data=\"false\"><div class=\"ace-line ace-line old-record-id-OcbmdIvHHordsXx9QEJciN0Znug\">Soldering defects can be prevented through controls during <a href=\"https:\/\/www.elepcb.com\/pcb-layout-design-process-and-guidelines\/\">design<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/www.elepcb.com\/blog\/pcb-substrate-materials\/\">materials<\/a> selection, process optimization, <a href=\"https:\/\/www.elepcb.com\/blog\/pcb-inspection\/\">inspection<\/a>, and other measures.<\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-0be7c29 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"0be7c29\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h3 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\"><b>Design for Manufacturing (DFM)<\/b><\/h3>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-60e0742 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"60e0742\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div data-page-id=\"KHt7dfI87ovw2WxqCl2cU5HrnAb\" data-docx-has-block-data=\"false\"><div class=\"ace-line ace-line old-record-id-XLT6dI7hzoJQsjxqq0QcfmIJnKc\"><div data-page-id=\"JJqidAkc4o8Ha2xNMZjc8iVEnnd\" data-docx-has-block-data=\"false\"><div class=\"ace-line ace-line old-record-id-ZlRZdtbgMomAuqxeQwAcqkUpnLL\"><div data-page-id=\"C7kadMvWBoLcoaxp16dcA1WpnYg\" data-docx-has-block-data=\"false\"><div class=\"ace-line ace-line old-record-id-doxcnzTd6F6qWM9mYNepiVZmApf\"><div data-page-id=\"MeuBdRwOzotJIExk6T6c5yscnJg\" data-docx-has-block-data=\"false\"><div class=\"ace-line ace-line old-record-id-TVGmdGv91ovBEWxhnDIc7p6Xntf\"><div data-page-id=\"MeuBdRwOzotJIExk6T6c5yscnJg\" data-docx-has-block-data=\"false\"><div class=\"ace-line ace-line old-record-id-QKrPdw2HgoXkMAxxhZGc6Fqbnag\"><div data-page-id=\"Cfz7dsVfeoADJlxTR4CcLXqOnub\" data-docx-has-block-data=\"false\"><ul class=\"list-bullet1\"><li class=\"ace-line ace-line old-record-id-GRLLdC2ZloiQldxxTrqcFS8XnIh\" data-list=\"bullet\"><div>Allow sufficient clearance between conductive elements to prevent bridging.<\/div><\/li><li class=\"ace-line ace-line old-record-id-Mavkdm5JvoDQNPxcSwOc2aXanfe\" data-list=\"bullet\"><div>Incorporate adequate thermal relief in pad designs to avoid tombstoning.<\/div><\/li><li class=\"ace-line ace-line old-record-id-OfOBdXyP2oofS6xv3kzcHSwNnEU\" data-list=\"bullet\"><div>Specify component sizes and spacings to match pad layouts.<\/div><\/li><li class=\"ace-line ace-line old-record-id-PyfHdXIOzok6xexdKX2cIkQpnDf\" data-list=\"bullet\"><div>Ensure pad dimensions match component lead sizes.<\/div><\/li><li class=\"ace-line ace-line old-record-id-A4bKdLBjdoFzWpxoEwncJxVsn8d\" data-list=\"bullet\"><div>Eliminate unnecessary pads, vias, and traces. -Verify functionality with prototyping and testing.<\/div><\/li><\/ul><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-9f72811 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"9f72811\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h3 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\"><b>Solder Paste Controls<\/b><\/h3>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-38f2214 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"38f2214\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div data-page-id=\"KHt7dfI87ovw2WxqCl2cU5HrnAb\" data-docx-has-block-data=\"false\"><div class=\"ace-line ace-line old-record-id-XLT6dI7hzoJQsjxqq0QcfmIJnKc\"><div data-page-id=\"JJqidAkc4o8Ha2xNMZjc8iVEnnd\" data-docx-has-block-data=\"false\"><div class=\"ace-line ace-line old-record-id-ZlRZdtbgMomAuqxeQwAcqkUpnLL\"><div data-page-id=\"C7kadMvWBoLcoaxp16dcA1WpnYg\" data-docx-has-block-data=\"false\"><div class=\"ace-line ace-line old-record-id-doxcnzTd6F6qWM9mYNepiVZmApf\"><div data-page-id=\"MeuBdRwOzotJIExk6T6c5yscnJg\" data-docx-has-block-data=\"false\"><div class=\"ace-line ace-line old-record-id-TVGmdGv91ovBEWxhnDIc7p6Xntf\"><div data-page-id=\"MeuBdRwOzotJIExk6T6c5yscnJg\" data-docx-has-block-data=\"false\"><div class=\"ace-line ace-line old-record-id-RTtXdRDnyotwZjxFU8Tc4OR2nAh\"><div data-page-id=\"Cfz7dsVfeoADJlxTR4CcLXqOnub\" data-docx-has-block-data=\"false\"><ul class=\"list-bullet1\"><li class=\"ace-line ace-line old-record-id-OJmLdMdVWoibiwx0wvKcGFCWnsh\" data-list=\"bullet\"><div>Select high-quality <a href=\"https:\/\/www.elepcb.com\/blog\/pcb-solder-paste\/\">solder paste<\/a> suited for the assembly process.<\/div><\/li><li class=\"ace-line ace-line old-record-id-PLEBdZZ2coQSWWxMsNGcSknjnrh\" data-list=\"bullet\"><div>Implement solder paste inspection to check application quality.<\/div><\/li><li class=\"ace-line ace-line old-record-id-Y9oPdqV1fo4FuHxmjJtclCzgn6b\" data-list=\"bullet\"><div>Store solder paste correctly and discard when expired.<\/div><\/li><li class=\"ace-line ace-line old-record-id-ZXBod5Alko8hQnxBJgtcLhHOnth\" data-list=\"bullet\"><div>Use the optimal solder paste print speed, pressure, and separation for the PCB.<\/div><\/li><li class=\"ace-line ace-line old-record-id-MhwFdhrHMoEfeIxlBlscmogQnpd\" data-list=\"bullet\"><div>Clean stencils regularly and monitor aperture quality.<\/div><\/li><\/ul><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-d57e16e elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"d57e16e\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h3 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\"><b>Process Controls<\/b><\/h3>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-3fcdfa0 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"3fcdfa0\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div data-page-id=\"KHt7dfI87ovw2WxqCl2cU5HrnAb\" data-docx-has-block-data=\"false\"><div class=\"ace-line ace-line old-record-id-XLT6dI7hzoJQsjxqq0QcfmIJnKc\"><div data-page-id=\"JJqidAkc4o8Ha2xNMZjc8iVEnnd\" data-docx-has-block-data=\"false\"><div class=\"ace-line ace-line old-record-id-ZlRZdtbgMomAuqxeQwAcqkUpnLL\"><div data-page-id=\"C7kadMvWBoLcoaxp16dcA1WpnYg\" data-docx-has-block-data=\"false\"><div class=\"ace-line ace-line old-record-id-doxcnzTd6F6qWM9mYNepiVZmApf\"><div data-page-id=\"MeuBdRwOzotJIExk6T6c5yscnJg\" data-docx-has-block-data=\"false\"><div class=\"ace-line ace-line old-record-id-TVGmdGv91ovBEWxhnDIc7p6Xntf\"><div data-page-id=\"MeuBdRwOzotJIExk6T6c5yscnJg\" data-docx-has-block-data=\"false\"><div class=\"ace-line ace-line old-record-id-FlDYdy6s5ox0GVxjrK3cGukqntf\"><div data-page-id=\"Cfz7dsVfeoADJlxTR4CcLXqOnub\" data-docx-has-block-data=\"false\"><ul class=\"list-bullet1\"><li class=\"ace-line ace-line old-record-id-NPsnd6mg0ox0wPxhqUjcJcmPnsd\" data-list=\"bullet\"><div>Set reflow oven zones for the ideal thermal profile and atmospherics.<\/div><\/li><li class=\"ace-line ace-line old-record-id-R4uBdJ8wqo4blLxEmzecNzqvnXf\" data-list=\"bullet\"><div>Control cooling rate to prevent thermally-induced defects.<\/div><\/li><li class=\"ace-line ace-line old-record-id-LfTXd8cmso3yfUxrmYBccDlsnyf\" data-list=\"bullet\"><div>Use no-clean flux or clean thoroughly after soldering.<\/div><\/li><li class=\"ace-line ace-line old-record-id-USxod9e1iolDCTx8vaXcXNuCnNd\" data-list=\"bullet\"><div>Inspect boards during manufacturing to catch issues early.<\/div><\/li><li class=\"ace-line ace-line old-record-id-PIWCd4hHIoEcCfxCZOkcRBLYnQc\" data-list=\"bullet\"><div>Monitor process parameters like temperature and conveyor speed.<\/div><\/li><li class=\"ace-line ace-line old-record-id-PFoKd40P7oxD5Lx5cQjcxKDknqg\" data-list=\"bullet\"><div>Certify operators in proper soldering techniques.<\/div><\/li><\/ul><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-c52f379 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"c52f379\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h3 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\"><b>Inspection and Testing<\/b><\/h3>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-31697a5 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"31697a5\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div data-page-id=\"Cfz7dsVfeoADJlxTR4CcLXqOnub\" data-docx-has-block-data=\"false\"><ul class=\"list-bullet1\"><li class=\"ace-line ace-line old-record-id-W7RWdxCRCoc9yHxCVZZcI582npT\" data-list=\"bullet\"><div>Visually inspect solder joints for acceptability.<\/div><\/li><li class=\"ace-line ace-line old-record-id-Fpdgd2EKLoCtrYxmr1GcPW52nhe\" data-list=\"bullet\"><div><a href=\"https:\/\/www.elepcb.com\/blog\/pcb-x-ray-inspection\/\">X-ray inspection<\/a> can catch hidden defects.<\/div><\/li><li class=\"ace-line ace-line old-record-id-OfifdRKE7oXWUZxtt5dc6Ex8nPf\" data-list=\"bullet\"><div>ICT fixtures check electrical connections.<\/div><\/li><li class=\"ace-line ace-line old-record-id-XlMfdOHXyogrdsxVWj9c6BGin8f\" data-list=\"bullet\"><div>Implement automated optical inspection (<a href=\"https:\/\/www.elepcb.com\/blog\/pcb-aoi-inspection\/\">AOI<\/a>).<\/div><\/li><li class=\"ace-line ace-line old-record-id-SWLrdgLyooUDUkxVYh8cx3Otnag\" data-list=\"bullet\"><div>Functionally test assemblies under temperature cycling.<\/div><\/li><\/ul><\/div>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-03d9c95 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"03d9c95\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\"><b>Repair of Common Soldering Defects<\/b><\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-b669eaa elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"b669eaa\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div data-page-id=\"MeuBdRwOzotJIExk6T6c5yscnJg\" data-docx-has-block-data=\"false\"><div class=\"ace-line ace-line old-record-id-LtOmdYn66o3RegxnVOQc7ZAYnAe\"><div data-page-id=\"Cfz7dsVfeoADJlxTR4CcLXqOnub\" data-docx-has-block-data=\"false\"><div class=\"ace-line ace-line old-record-id-WiG7dbWnSoCp8Vx8jhRcfbeLnng\">Many soldering defects can be repaired through rework, salvaging the <a href=\"https:\/\/www.elepcb.com\/pcb-assembly-process-and-services\/\">PCB assembly<\/a>. Here are some guidelines for repairing typical defects:<\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-1714cc1 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"1714cc1\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div data-page-id=\"Cfz7dsVfeoADJlxTR4CcLXqOnub\" data-docx-has-block-data=\"false\"><div class=\"ace-line ace-line old-record-id-ZLPZd6570onQxdxqZo7ciJQtnkf\"><strong>Solder bridges:<\/strong> Use a soldering iron, solder braid, or sucker to remove excess solder creating the bridge. Prevent overheating nearby joints.<\/div><div class=\"ace-line ace-line old-record-id-TfyYdXGoAoxESzxr8DXcKiijnod\"><strong>Cold joints:<\/strong> Reheat the faulty joint using a soldering iron until good wetting is achieved, then allow it to cool properly.<\/div><div class=\"ace-line ace-line old-record-id-KgFUdmW27oGAyExSQl5cbOvMnRb\"><strong>Solder<\/strong><strong> balls:<\/strong> Remove with tweezers, vacuum, or tape. Prevent damage to nearby components or joints.<\/div><div class=\"ace-line ace-line old-record-id-Yp7nd1VAioM64RxdGp9cun5anew\"><strong>Tombstones:<\/strong> Realign and rework the component while avoiding damage to the PCB or adjacent components.<\/div><div class=\"ace-line ace-line old-record-id-Qt1wde9umoiIfhxnYFyc7TCYnGh\"><strong>Lifted pads:<\/strong> Attempt to reattach the pad using adhesive or fiberglass material. Rework components as needed. Severely lifted pads may require board replacement.<\/div><div class=\"ace-line ace-line old-record-id-FBgddtzdPo96Z2x8H8KctuVfnfe\"><strong>Solder<\/strong><strong> voids:<\/strong> Use a soldering iron with flux to reflow the joint and fill any voids. Take care to avoid damaging the PCB or component.<\/div><div class=\"ace-line ace-line old-record-id-A4z6duJrhocJprx3qtkcAmfNn4e\"><strong>Flux residue:<\/strong> Clean with isopropyl alcohol, either by hand or using an automated cleaning system. Avoid scrubbing.<\/div><div class=\"ace-line ace-line old-record-id-S4RFdw6S1o1giNxlW9ocu6sInlf\"><strong>Opens\/skips:<\/strong> Use solder paste or wire with a soldering iron to fill in the missing solder. Match the original joint profile.<\/div><\/div>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-e13ea01 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"e13ea01\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div data-page-id=\"Cfz7dsVfeoADJlxTR4CcLXqOnub\" data-docx-has-block-data=\"false\"><div class=\"ace-line ace-line old-record-id-BbeLdccUjokSlixEvWbcY14xnGg\">For severe defects, full component removal and replacement may be necessary using soldering\/desoldering tools. Professional rework specialists can repair some complex defects.<\/div><\/div>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-0a81acc elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"0a81acc\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\"><b>Conclusion<\/b><\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-d124d58 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"d124d58\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div data-page-id=\"KHt7dfI87ovw2WxqCl2cU5HrnAb\" data-docx-has-block-data=\"false\"><div class=\"ace-line ace-line old-record-id-XLT6dI7hzoJQsjxqq0QcfmIJnKc\"><div data-page-id=\"JJqidAkc4o8Ha2xNMZjc8iVEnnd\" data-docx-has-block-data=\"false\"><div class=\"ace-line ace-line old-record-id-ZlRZdtbgMomAuqxeQwAcqkUpnLL\"><div data-page-id=\"C7kadMvWBoLcoaxp16dcA1WpnYg\" data-docx-has-block-data=\"false\"><div class=\"ace-line ace-line old-record-id-doxcnzTd6F6qWM9mYNepiVZmApf\"><div data-page-id=\"MeuBdRwOzotJIExk6T6c5yscnJg\" data-docx-has-block-data=\"false\"><div class=\"ace-line ace-line old-record-id-XxHfdMj5golYSbxSrHCcp7r6nhg\"><div data-page-id=\"Cfz7dsVfeoADJlxTR4CcLXqOnub\" data-docx-has-block-data=\"false\"><div class=\"ace-line ace-line old-record-id-XAdyd8RZ5obnaPx4NaBcZszpn2c\">Understanding common soldering failures like cold joints, bridging, tombstoning, and lifted pads is critical for PCB quality management. Implementing <a href=\"https:\/\/www.elepcb.com\/pcb-layout-design-process-and-guidelines\/\">design<\/a> and process controls can prevent many defects from occurring.<\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-c1dd5a4 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"c1dd5a4\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div data-page-id=\"KHt7dfI87ovw2WxqCl2cU5HrnAb\" data-docx-has-block-data=\"false\"><div class=\"ace-line ace-line old-record-id-XLT6dI7hzoJQsjxqq0QcfmIJnKc\"><div data-page-id=\"JJqidAkc4o8Ha2xNMZjc8iVEnnd\" data-docx-has-block-data=\"false\"><div class=\"ace-line ace-line old-record-id-ZlRZdtbgMomAuqxeQwAcqkUpnLL\"><div data-page-id=\"C7kadMvWBoLcoaxp16dcA1WpnYg\" data-docx-has-block-data=\"false\"><div class=\"ace-line ace-line old-record-id-doxcnzTd6F6qWM9mYNepiVZmApf\"><div data-page-id=\"MeuBdRwOzotJIExk6T6c5yscnJg\" data-docx-has-block-data=\"false\"><div class=\"ace-line ace-line old-record-id-XxHfdMj5golYSbxSrHCcp7r6nhg\"><div data-page-id=\"Cfz7dsVfeoADJlxTR4CcLXqOnub\" data-docx-has-block-data=\"false\"><div class=\"ace-line ace-line old-record-id-XAdyd8RZ5obnaPx4NaBcZszpn2c\"><div data-page-id=\"Cfz7dsVfeoADJlxTR4CcLXqOnub\" data-docx-has-block-data=\"false\"><div class=\"ace-line ace-line old-record-id-RLpGdv3v7oLOzFxzCuKcsFcen0e\">When defects do occur, trained operators can repair many issues through selective rework techniques. With vigilance and preparation, the impact of soldering defects on product reliability and manufacturing efficiency can be minimized.<\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-0af838e elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"0af838e\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\"><b>FAQs<\/b><\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-273f0e0a elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"273f0e0a\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-1225d6d0\" data-id=\"1225d6d0\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-24cc9b81 elementor-widget elementor-widget-toggle\" data-id=\"24cc9b81\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"toggle.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-toggle\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-toggle-item\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-title-6171\" class=\"elementor-tab-title\" data-tab=\"1\" role=\"button\" aria-controls=\"elementor-tab-content-6171\" aria-expanded=\"false\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-toggle-icon elementor-toggle-icon-left\" aria-hidden=\"true\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-toggle-icon-closed\"><i class=\"fas fa-caret-right\"><\/i><\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-toggle-icon-opened\"><i class=\"elementor-toggle-icon-opened fas fa-caret-up\"><\/i><\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<a class=\"elementor-toggle-title\" tabindex=\"0\">Q1: What is the most common reason for solder balls on a PCB?<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\n\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-content-6171\" class=\"elementor-tab-content elementor-clearfix\" data-tab=\"1\" role=\"region\" aria-labelledby=\"elementor-tab-title-6171\"><div data-page-id=\"K5cQdPyqAoIVz9xiCVzcrjK4n2e\" data-lark-html-role=\"root\" data-docx-has-block-data=\"false\"><div><div data-page-id=\"PzvadCyLxoGC6axfsi0cBB2BnWf\" data-lark-html-role=\"root\" data-docx-has-block-data=\"false\"><div>A1: Contamination in the solder paste from oxide formation or environmental factors is the primary cause of solder balling during reflow.<\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-toggle-item\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-title-6172\" class=\"elementor-tab-title\" data-tab=\"2\" role=\"button\" aria-controls=\"elementor-tab-content-6172\" aria-expanded=\"false\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-toggle-icon elementor-toggle-icon-left\" aria-hidden=\"true\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-toggle-icon-closed\"><i class=\"fas fa-caret-right\"><\/i><\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-toggle-icon-opened\"><i class=\"elementor-toggle-icon-opened fas fa-caret-up\"><\/i><\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<a class=\"elementor-toggle-title\" tabindex=\"0\">Q2:Why not choose Cold joints?<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\n\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-content-6172\" class=\"elementor-tab-content elementor-clearfix\" data-tab=\"2\" role=\"region\" aria-labelledby=\"elementor-tab-title-6172\"><div data-page-id=\"K5cQdPyqAoIVz9xiCVzcrjK4n2e\" data-lark-html-role=\"root\" data-docx-has-block-data=\"false\"><div class=\"ace-line ace-line old-record-id-BWQ0dJKPTovPhYx6XTfc9xMAngc\"><div data-page-id=\"PzvadCyLxoGC6axfsi0cBB2BnWf\" data-lark-html-role=\"root\" data-docx-has-block-data=\"false\"><div class=\"ace-line ace-line old-record-id-ZGjidQpZuouEMuxnruBcR4Ujndg\">A2: Cold joints have a rough, dull appearance compared to a good joint\u2019s smooth, shiny surface. They may also appear grainy or underfilled.<\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-toggle-item\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-title-6173\" class=\"elementor-tab-title\" data-tab=\"3\" role=\"button\" aria-controls=\"elementor-tab-content-6173\" aria-expanded=\"false\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-toggle-icon elementor-toggle-icon-left\" aria-hidden=\"true\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-toggle-icon-closed\"><i class=\"fas fa-caret-right\"><\/i><\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-toggle-icon-opened\"><i class=\"elementor-toggle-icon-opened fas fa-caret-up\"><\/i><\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<a class=\"elementor-toggle-title\" tabindex=\"0\">Q3:What is the best way to prevent lifted pads when soldering?<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\n\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-content-6173\" class=\"elementor-tab-content elementor-clearfix\" data-tab=\"3\" role=\"region\" aria-labelledby=\"elementor-tab-title-6173\"><div data-page-id=\"K5cQdPyqAoIVz9xiCVzcrjK4n2e\" data-lark-html-role=\"root\" data-docx-has-block-data=\"false\"><div class=\" old-record-id-VIvSds1JnokGWWxGglucirLXn4O\"><div data-page-id=\"PzvadCyLxoGC6axfsi0cBB2BnWf\" data-lark-html-role=\"root\" data-docx-has-block-data=\"false\"><div class=\"ace-line ace-line old-record-id-XizidTe9soWkg0xX1N9cjCycnJd\">A3: Careful process controls like regulating soldering iron temperature, using the right tip size, and following IPC soldering standards will minimize pad lifting.<\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-toggle-item\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-title-6174\" class=\"elementor-tab-title\" data-tab=\"4\" role=\"button\" aria-controls=\"elementor-tab-content-6174\" aria-expanded=\"false\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-toggle-icon elementor-toggle-icon-left\" aria-hidden=\"true\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-toggle-icon-closed\"><i class=\"fas fa-caret-right\"><\/i><\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-toggle-icon-opened\"><i class=\"elementor-toggle-icon-opened fas fa-caret-up\"><\/i><\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<a class=\"elementor-toggle-title\" tabindex=\"0\">Q4:Why does tombstoning tend to occur more with small surface mount components?<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\n\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-content-6174\" class=\"elementor-tab-content elementor-clearfix\" data-tab=\"4\" role=\"region\" aria-labelledby=\"elementor-tab-title-6174\"><div data-page-id=\"K5cQdPyqAoIVz9xiCVzcrjK4n2e\" data-lark-html-role=\"root\" data-docx-has-block-data=\"false\"><div class=\" old-record-id-VIvSds1JnokGWWxGglucirLXn4O\"><div data-page-id=\"PzvadCyLxoGC6axfsi0cBB2BnWf\" data-lark-html-role=\"root\" data-docx-has-block-data=\"false\"><div class=\"ace-line ace-line old-record-id-XizidTe9soWkg0xX1N9cjCycnJd\">A4: The smaller size and mass makes SMD components more susceptible to thermal imbalances during reflow, increasing tombstoning risks.<\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-toggle-item\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-title-6175\" class=\"elementor-tab-title\" data-tab=\"5\" role=\"button\" aria-controls=\"elementor-tab-content-6175\" aria-expanded=\"false\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-toggle-icon elementor-toggle-icon-left\" aria-hidden=\"true\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-toggle-icon-closed\"><i class=\"fas fa-caret-right\"><\/i><\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-toggle-icon-opened\"><i class=\"elementor-toggle-icon-opened fas fa-caret-up\"><\/i><\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<a class=\"elementor-toggle-title\" tabindex=\"0\">Q5:What inspection methods can identify hidden soldering defects?<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\n\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-content-6175\" class=\"elementor-tab-content elementor-clearfix\" data-tab=\"5\" role=\"region\" aria-labelledby=\"elementor-tab-title-6175\"><div data-page-id=\"K5cQdPyqAoIVz9xiCVzcrjK4n2e\" data-lark-html-role=\"root\" data-docx-has-block-data=\"false\"><div class=\" old-record-id-VIvSds1JnokGWWxGglucirLXn4O\"><div data-page-id=\"PzvadCyLxoGC6axfsi0cBB2BnWf\" data-lark-html-role=\"root\" data-docx-has-block-data=\"false\"><div class=\"ace-line ace-line old-record-id-XizidTe9soWkg0xX1N9cjCycnJd\">A5: X-ray inspection and cross-sectioning are effective ways to detect subsurface defects like voids and cracks not visible externally.<\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-7b7c807 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"7b7c807\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-1392ae00\" data-id=\"1392ae00\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-5c56786a elementor-widget elementor-widget-shortcode\" data-id=\"5c56786a\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"shortcode.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-shortcode\">\t\t<div data-elementor-type=\"section\" data-elementor-id=\"2056\" class=\"elementor elementor-2056\" data-elementor-post-type=\"elementor_library\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-6012901 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"6012901\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-25 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-afac9b2\" data-id=\"afac9b2\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-b379375 elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"b379375\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<a href=\"https:\/\/www.elepcb.com\/pcb-products\/\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img fetchpriority=\"high\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"768\" height=\"1024\" src=\"https:\/\/www.elepcb.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/03\/white-bg-2-768x1024.jpg\" class=\"attachment-large size-large wp-image-15779\" alt=\"pcb and pcba products 1\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.elepcb.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/03\/white-bg-2-768x1024.jpg 768w, https:\/\/www.elepcb.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/03\/white-bg-2-225x300.jpg 225w, https:\/\/www.elepcb.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/03\/white-bg-2-1152x1536.jpg 1152w, https:\/\/www.elepcb.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/03\/white-bg-2-1536x2048.jpg 1536w, https:\/\/www.elepcb.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/03\/white-bg-2-scaled.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 768px) 100vw, 768px\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-50 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-8968fc1\" data-id=\"8968fc1\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-c0c3b5d elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"c0c3b5d\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<a href=\"https:\/\/www.elepcb.com\/contact-us\/\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img decoding=\"async\" width=\"800\" height=\"534\" src=\"https:\/\/www.elepcb.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/03\/contact-us-1024x683.jpg\" class=\"attachment-large size-large wp-image-15819\" alt=\"contact us\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.elepcb.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/03\/contact-us-1024x683.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/www.elepcb.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/03\/contact-us-300x200.jpg 300w, https:\/\/www.elepcb.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/03\/contact-us-768x512.jpg 768w, https:\/\/www.elepcb.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/03\/contact-us-1536x1024.jpg 1536w, https:\/\/www.elepcb.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/03\/contact-us-2048x1365.jpg 2048w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-25 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-a17958a\" data-id=\"a17958a\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-4326577 elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"4326577\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<a href=\"https:\/\/www.elepcb.com\/pcb-products\/\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img decoding=\"async\" width=\"768\" height=\"1024\" src=\"https:\/\/www.elepcb.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/03\/white-bg-1-768x1024.jpg\" class=\"attachment-large size-large wp-image-15778\" alt=\"pcb and pcba products 2\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.elepcb.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/03\/white-bg-1-768x1024.jpg 768w, https:\/\/www.elepcb.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/03\/white-bg-1-225x300.jpg 225w, https:\/\/www.elepcb.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/03\/white-bg-1-1152x1536.jpg 1152w, https:\/\/www.elepcb.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/03\/white-bg-1-1536x2048.jpg 1536w, https:\/\/www.elepcb.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/03\/white-bg-1-scaled.jpg 1921w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 768px) 100vw, 768px\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section 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type=\"checkbox\" value=\"Rigid PCBs\" id=\"form-field-field_c168eb1-0\" name=\"form_fields[field_c168eb1][]\"> <label for=\"form-field-field_c168eb1-0\">Rigid PCBs<\/label><\/span><span class=\"elementor-field-option\"><input type=\"checkbox\" value=\"Flexible Printed Circuit Boards\" id=\"form-field-field_c168eb1-1\" name=\"form_fields[field_c168eb1][]\"> <label for=\"form-field-field_c168eb1-1\">Flexible Printed Circuit Boards<\/label><\/span><span class=\"elementor-field-option\"><input type=\"checkbox\" value=\"Flexible Aluminum PCBs\" id=\"form-field-field_c168eb1-2\" name=\"form_fields[field_c168eb1][]\"> <label for=\"form-field-field_c168eb1-2\">Flexible Aluminum PCBs<\/label><\/span><span class=\"elementor-field-option\"><input type=\"checkbox\" value=\"Flexible PCB Microcircuits\" id=\"form-field-field_c168eb1-3\" name=\"form_fields[field_c168eb1][]\"> <label for=\"form-field-field_c168eb1-3\">Flexible PCB Microcircuits<\/label><\/span><span 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Boards<\/label><\/span><span class=\"elementor-field-option\"><input type=\"checkbox\" value=\"Copper Core\" id=\"form-field-field_c168eb1-8\" name=\"form_fields[field_c168eb1][]\"> <label for=\"form-field-field_c168eb1-8\">Copper Core<\/label><\/span><span class=\"elementor-field-option\"><input type=\"checkbox\" value=\"IC Substrates &amp; Interposer\" id=\"form-field-field_c168eb1-9\" name=\"form_fields[field_c168eb1][]\"> <label for=\"form-field-field_c168eb1-9\">IC Substrates & Interposer<\/label><\/span><span class=\"elementor-field-option\"><input type=\"checkbox\" value=\"High TG PCBs\" id=\"form-field-field_c168eb1-10\" name=\"form_fields[field_c168eb1][]\"> <label for=\"form-field-field_c168eb1-10\">High TG PCBs<\/label><\/span><span class=\"elementor-field-option\"><input type=\"checkbox\" value=\"Heavy Copper\" id=\"form-field-field_c168eb1-11\" name=\"form_fields[field_c168eb1][]\"> <label for=\"form-field-field_c168eb1-11\">Heavy Copper<\/label><\/span><span class=\"elementor-field-option\"><input type=\"checkbox\" value=\"PCB Assembly\" id=\"form-field-field_c168eb1-12\" name=\"form_fields[field_c168eb1][]\"> <label for=\"form-field-field_c168eb1-12\">PCB Assembly<\/label><\/span><span class=\"elementor-field-option\"><input type=\"checkbox\" value=\"Components Sourcing\" id=\"form-field-field_c168eb1-13\" name=\"form_fields[field_c168eb1][]\"> <label for=\"form-field-field_c168eb1-13\">Components Sourcing<\/label><\/span><span class=\"elementor-field-option\"><input type=\"checkbox\" value=\"Other\" id=\"form-field-field_c168eb1-14\" name=\"form_fields[field_c168eb1][]\"> <label for=\"form-field-field_c168eb1-14\">Other<\/label><\/span><\/div>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-field-type-upload elementor-field-group elementor-column elementor-field-group-field_2cea676 elementor-col-100\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<label for=\"form-field-field_2cea676\" class=\"elementor-field-label\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\tUpload Your Files (Optional)\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/label>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<input type=\"file\" name=\"form_fields[field_2cea676]\" id=\"form-field-field_2cea676\" class=\"elementor-field elementor-size-sm  elementor-upload-field\">\n\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-field-type-textarea elementor-field-group elementor-column elementor-field-group-field_9ceb2c8 elementor-col-100\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<label for=\"form-field-field_9ceb2c8\" class=\"elementor-field-label\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\tMessage\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/label>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<textarea class=\"elementor-field-textual elementor-field  elementor-size-sm\" name=\"form_fields[field_9ceb2c8]\" id=\"form-field-field_9ceb2c8\" rows=\"4\"><\/textarea>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-field-group elementor-column elementor-field-type-submit elementor-col-100 e-form__buttons\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<button class=\"elementor-button elementor-size-sm\" type=\"submit\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-button-content-wrapper\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-button-text\">Submit<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/button>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/form>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-33 elementor-inner-column elementor-element elementor-element-123957a9\" data-id=\"123957a9\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Table of Contents Soldering is a critical process in PCB\u00a0assembly\u00a0and\u00a0manufacturing. However, various soldering defects can occur, decreasing reliability and functionality. This comprehensive guide examines the most common soldering defects, their causes, how to prevent them, and repair techniques. With an understanding of potential soldering issues, PCB manufacturers and assemblers can implement targeted strategies to avoid [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":12653,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[44],"tags":[227],"class_list":["post-12651","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-blog","tag-pcb-issue"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.elepcb.com\/hu\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/12651","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.elepcb.com\/hu\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.elepcb.com\/hu\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.elepcb.com\/hu\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.elepcb.com\/hu\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=12651"}],"version-history":[{"count":31,"href":"https:\/\/www.elepcb.com\/hu\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/12651\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":21979,"href":"https:\/\/www.elepcb.com\/hu\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/12651\/revisions\/21979"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.elepcb.com\/hu\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/12653"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.elepcb.com\/hu\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=12651"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.elepcb.com\/hu\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=12651"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.elepcb.com\/hu\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=12651"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}