{"id":14872,"date":"2024-11-06T19:58:31","date_gmt":"2024-11-06T11:58:31","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/www.elepcb.com\/?p=14872"},"modified":"2025-04-08T17:30:37","modified_gmt":"2025-04-08T09:30:37","slug":"how-to-test-a-diode-in-a-circuit","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.elepcb.com\/hu\/blog\/how-to-test-a-diode-in-a-circuit\/","title":{"rendered":"80% a m\u00e9rn\u00f6k\u00f6k tudnak tr\u00fckk\u00f6ket a \"Hogyan tesztelj\u00fck a di\u00f3d\u00e1t egy \u00e1ramk\u00f6rben\" t\u00e9m\u00e1ban"},"content":{"rendered":"\t\t<div data-elementor-type=\"wp-post\" data-elementor-id=\"14872\" class=\"elementor elementor-14872\" data-elementor-post-type=\"post\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-3a119c5d elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"3a119c5d\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\" data-settings=\"{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-4ac013b2\" data-id=\"4ac013b2\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-311443c4 elementor-toc--minimized-on-tablet elementor-widget elementor-widget-table-of-contents\" data-id=\"311443c4\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-settings=\"{&quot;exclude_headings_by_selector&quot;:[],&quot;headings_by_tags&quot;:[&quot;h2&quot;,&quot;h3&quot;],&quot;no_headings_message&quot;:&quot;No headings were found on this page.&quot;,&quot;marker_view&quot;:&quot;numbers&quot;,&quot;minimize_box&quot;:&quot;yes&quot;,&quot;minimized_on&quot;:&quot;tablet&quot;,&quot;hierarchical_view&quot;:&quot;yes&quot;,&quot;min_height&quot;:{&quot;unit&quot;:&quot;px&quot;,&quot;size&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;sizes&quot;:[]},&quot;min_height_tablet&quot;:{&quot;unit&quot;:&quot;px&quot;,&quot;size&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;sizes&quot;:[]},&quot;min_height_mobile&quot;:{&quot;unit&quot;:&quot;px&quot;,&quot;size&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;sizes&quot;:[]}}\" data-widget_type=\"table-of-contents.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-toc__header\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<h4 class=\"elementor-toc__header-title\">\n\t\t\t\tTable of Contents\t\t\t<\/h4>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-toc__toggle-button elementor-toc__toggle-button--expand\" role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" aria-controls=\"elementor-toc__311443c4\" aria-expanded=\"true\" aria-label=\"Tartalomjegyz\u00e9k megnyit\u00e1sa\"><i aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"fas fa-chevron-down\"><\/i><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-toc__toggle-button elementor-toc__toggle-button--collapse\" role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" aria-controls=\"elementor-toc__311443c4\" aria-expanded=\"true\" aria-label=\"Tartalomjegyz\u00e9k bez\u00e1r\u00e1sa\"><i aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"fas fa-chevron-up\"><\/i><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-toc__311443c4\" class=\"elementor-toc__body\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-toc__spinner-container\">\n\t\t\t\t<i class=\"elementor-toc__spinner eicon-animation-spin eicon-loading\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/i>\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-33f022f7 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"33f022f7\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div data-page-id=\"K5cQdPyqAoIVz9xiCVzcrjK4n2e\" data-lark-html-role=\"root\" data-docx-has-block-data=\"false\"><div data-page-id=\"K5cQdPyqAoIVz9xiCVzcrjK4n2e\" data-lark-html-role=\"root\" data-docx-has-block-data=\"false\"><div class=\"ace-line ace-line old-record-id-VOdTdrtL0o28kLxq4y8c3rAhnwb\"><div data-page-id=\"HPPmdA9rxoVnY1xTackcVp1ynTc\" data-lark-html-role=\"root\" data-docx-has-block-data=\"false\"><div class=\"ace-line ace-line old-record-id-FGRMdpYhsoWSOFxoRlucdNq8nnc\">As an engineer or electronics designer, you probably have used diodes in a practical way in just about every circuit. They form one of the most integral components of modern electronics today. Unlike any other electrical component, diodes can also be damaged, and you may realize that your diode is defective when it is already in your circuit.<\/div><div class=\"ace-line ace-line old-record-id-Wcy6dj3T0oFH81xiwLnccWhunTc\">So how to test a diode in a circuit? <em><strong>Follow <\/strong><\/em><em><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/www.elepcb.com\/\" data-lark-is-custom=\"true\">ELEpcb<\/a><\/strong><\/em><em><strong> to find the solution!<\/strong><\/em><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-18f210b elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"18f210b\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-5b61dbe\" data-id=\"5b61dbe\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-5dade27 elementor-widget elementor-widget-spacer\" data-id=\"5dade27\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"spacer.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-spacer\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-spacer-inner\"><\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-a86ac44 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"a86ac44\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-1c2e6b7\" data-id=\"1c2e6b7\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-3e38a6fc elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"3e38a6fc\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\"><b>What is a Diode? <\/b><\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-1105de29 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"1105de29\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-4f8eccde\" data-id=\"4f8eccde\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-778d0af elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"778d0af\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div data-page-id=\"AzbzdYTTNoYFTvxDOg2cyjsRnqe\" data-lark-html-role=\"root\" data-docx-has-block-data=\"false\"><div class=\"ace-line ace-line old-record-id-AEr0dZyBjo7hCPx0f6XcRl5mnnf\"><div data-page-id=\"AzbzdYTTNoYFTvxDOg2cyjsRnqe\" data-lark-html-role=\"root\" data-docx-has-block-data=\"false\"><div class=\"ace-line ace-line old-record-id-AEr0dZyBjo7hCPx0f6XcRl5mnnf\">A diode refers to a semiconductor device that has two terminals and is designed for<strong> the flow of current primarily in one direction<\/strong>. They form the basis of almost all processes for assembling PCBs.<\/div><div class=\"ace-line ace-line old-record-id-Js2bd1pUvo0VjFxluemcgNpDnia\">The nature of semiconductor materials determines the nature of the diode. In the most common semiconductor diode, like a silicon diode, there exists an important thing known as the <strong>p-n junction<\/strong>.<span style=\"color: #d83931;\">A semiconductor type p has more holes than in a semiconductor type n. <\/span><\/div><div class=\"ace-line ace-line old-record-id-E1lAdBzG4okMIFxlq6bcCpCWnZf\"><strong>A current can flow when there is a forward bias<\/strong>, as the diode\/anode positive, regarding the cathode, forces the holes toward the junction and mixes them with electrons. <strong>While in reverse bias, the charge carriers move away from the junction<\/strong>, forming a depletion layer-a region devoid of charge-which obstructs the current flow.<\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-0d40121 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"0d40121\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-992e770\" data-id=\"992e770\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-465d9d5 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"465d9d5\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h3 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\"><b>Appearance of a Diode<\/b><\/h3>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-a69b112 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"a69b112\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-91259ae\" data-id=\"91259ae\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-c770039 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"c770039\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h4 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\"><b>Fig.1 Diode on pcb<\/b><\/h4>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-d4a801b elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"d4a801b\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-ab04d9d\" data-id=\"ab04d9d\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-7156292 elementor-arrows-position-inside elementor-pagination-position-outside elementor-widget elementor-widget-image-carousel\" data-id=\"7156292\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-settings=\"{&quot;navigation&quot;:&quot;both&quot;,&quot;autoplay&quot;:&quot;yes&quot;,&quot;pause_on_hover&quot;:&quot;yes&quot;,&quot;pause_on_interaction&quot;:&quot;yes&quot;,&quot;autoplay_speed&quot;:5000,&quot;infinite&quot;:&quot;yes&quot;,&quot;speed&quot;:500}\" data-widget_type=\"image-carousel.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-image-carousel-wrapper swiper\" role=\"region\" aria-roledescription=\"carousel\" aria-label=\"Image Carousel\" dir=\"ltr\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-image-carousel swiper-wrapper swiper-image-stretch\" aria-live=\"off\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"swiper-slide\" role=\"group\" aria-roledescription=\"slide\" aria-label=\"1 \/ 10\"><figure class=\"swiper-slide-inner\"><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"swiper-slide-image\" src=\"https:\/\/www.elepcb.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/11\/diode-on-a-circuit.jpg\" alt=\"diode on a circuit\" \/><\/figure><\/div><div class=\"swiper-slide\" role=\"group\" aria-roledescription=\"slide\" aria-label=\"2 \/ 10\"><figure class=\"swiper-slide-inner\"><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"swiper-slide-image\" src=\"https:\/\/www.elepcb.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/11\/constant-current-diode-in-pcb.jpg\" alt=\"constant-current diode in pcb\" \/><\/figure><\/div><div class=\"swiper-slide\" role=\"group\" aria-roledescription=\"slide\" aria-label=\"3 \/ 10\"><figure class=\"swiper-slide-inner\"><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"swiper-slide-image\" src=\"https:\/\/www.elepcb.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/11\/general-diodes-in-pcb.jpg\" alt=\"general diodes in pcb\" \/><\/figure><\/div><div class=\"swiper-slide\" role=\"group\" aria-roledescription=\"slide\" aria-label=\"4 \/ 10\"><figure class=\"swiper-slide-inner\"><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"swiper-slide-image\" src=\"https:\/\/www.elepcb.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/11\/LEDs-diode-in-pcb.jpg\" alt=\"LEDs diode in pcb\" \/><\/figure><\/div><div class=\"swiper-slide\" role=\"group\" aria-roledescription=\"slide\" aria-label=\"5 \/ 10\"><figure class=\"swiper-slide-inner\"><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"swiper-slide-image\" src=\"https:\/\/www.elepcb.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/11\/diode-marks-on-a-circuit.jpg\" alt=\"diode marks on a circuit\" \/><\/figure><\/div><div class=\"swiper-slide\" role=\"group\" aria-roledescription=\"slide\" aria-label=\"6 \/ 10\"><figure class=\"swiper-slide-inner\"><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"swiper-slide-image\" src=\"https:\/\/www.elepcb.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/11\/photodiode-in-pcb.jpg\" alt=\"photodiode in pcb\" \/><\/figure><\/div><div class=\"swiper-slide\" role=\"group\" aria-roledescription=\"slide\" aria-label=\"7 \/ 10\"><figure class=\"swiper-slide-inner\"><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"swiper-slide-image\" src=\"https:\/\/www.elepcb.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/11\/schottky-diodes-in-pcb.jpg\" alt=\"schottky diodes in pcb\" \/><\/figure><\/div><div class=\"swiper-slide\" role=\"group\" aria-roledescription=\"slide\" aria-label=\"8 \/ 10\"><figure class=\"swiper-slide-inner\"><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"swiper-slide-image\" src=\"https:\/\/www.elepcb.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/11\/TVS-diode-in-pcb.jpg\" alt=\"TVS diode in pcb\" \/><\/figure><\/div><div class=\"swiper-slide\" role=\"group\" aria-roledescription=\"slide\" aria-label=\"9 \/ 10\"><figure class=\"swiper-slide-inner\"><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"swiper-slide-image\" src=\"https:\/\/www.elepcb.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/11\/varactor-diodes-in-pcb.jpg\" alt=\"varactor diodes in pcb\" \/><\/figure><\/div><div class=\"swiper-slide\" role=\"group\" aria-roledescription=\"slide\" aria-label=\"10 \/ 10\"><figure class=\"swiper-slide-inner\"><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"swiper-slide-image\" src=\"https:\/\/www.elepcb.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/11\/zender-diodes-in-pcb.jpg\" alt=\"zender diodes in pcb\" \/><\/figure><\/div>\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-swiper-button elementor-swiper-button-prev\" role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<i aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"eicon-chevron-left\"><\/i>\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-swiper-button elementor-swiper-button-next\" role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<i aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"eicon-chevron-right\"><\/i>\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"swiper-pagination\"><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-79d8359 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"79d8359\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-5552d7d\" data-id=\"5552d7d\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-d53c53b elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"d53c53b\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h4 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\"><b>Fig.2 All Types Of Diodes<\/b><\/h4>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-56aff11 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"56aff11\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-a737394\" data-id=\"a737394\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-acf61be elementor-arrows-position-inside elementor-pagination-position-outside elementor-widget elementor-widget-image-carousel\" data-id=\"acf61be\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-settings=\"{&quot;navigation&quot;:&quot;both&quot;,&quot;autoplay&quot;:&quot;yes&quot;,&quot;pause_on_hover&quot;:&quot;yes&quot;,&quot;pause_on_interaction&quot;:&quot;yes&quot;,&quot;autoplay_speed&quot;:5000,&quot;infinite&quot;:&quot;yes&quot;,&quot;speed&quot;:500}\" data-widget_type=\"image-carousel.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-image-carousel-wrapper swiper\" role=\"region\" aria-roledescription=\"carousel\" aria-label=\"Image Carousel\" dir=\"ltr\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-image-carousel swiper-wrapper swiper-image-stretch\" aria-live=\"off\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"swiper-slide\" role=\"group\" aria-roledescription=\"slide\" aria-label=\"1 \/ 7\"><figure class=\"swiper-slide-inner\"><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"swiper-slide-image\" src=\"https:\/\/www.elepcb.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/11\/ESD-Protection-Diodes.jpg\" alt=\"ESD Protection Diodes\" \/><figcaption class=\"elementor-image-carousel-caption\">ESD Protection Diodes<\/figcaption><\/figure><\/div><div class=\"swiper-slide\" role=\"group\" aria-roledescription=\"slide\" aria-label=\"2 \/ 7\"><figure class=\"swiper-slide-inner\"><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"swiper-slide-image\" src=\"https:\/\/www.elepcb.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/11\/Fast-Recovery-Diodes.jpg\" alt=\"Fast - Recovery Diodes\" \/><figcaption class=\"elementor-image-carousel-caption\">Fast - Recovery Diodes<\/figcaption><\/figure><\/div><div class=\"swiper-slide\" role=\"group\" aria-roledescription=\"slide\" aria-label=\"3 \/ 7\"><figure class=\"swiper-slide-inner\"><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"swiper-slide-image\" src=\"https:\/\/www.elepcb.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/11\/General-Diodes-Si-Ge-Diodes.jpg\" alt=\"General Diodes (Si, Ge Diodes)\" \/><figcaption class=\"elementor-image-carousel-caption\">General Diodes (Si, Ge Diodes)<\/figcaption><\/figure><\/div><div class=\"swiper-slide\" role=\"group\" aria-roledescription=\"slide\" aria-label=\"4 \/ 7\"><figure class=\"swiper-slide-inner\"><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"swiper-slide-image\" src=\"https:\/\/www.elepcb.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/11\/Optocouplers.jpg\" alt=\"Optocouplers\" \/><figcaption class=\"elementor-image-carousel-caption\">Optocouplers<\/figcaption><\/figure><\/div><div class=\"swiper-slide\" role=\"group\" aria-roledescription=\"slide\" aria-label=\"5 \/ 7\"><figure class=\"swiper-slide-inner\"><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"swiper-slide-image\" src=\"https:\/\/www.elepcb.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/11\/Photodiode.jpg\" alt=\"Photodiode\" \/><figcaption class=\"elementor-image-carousel-caption\">Photodiode<\/figcaption><\/figure><\/div><div class=\"swiper-slide\" role=\"group\" aria-roledescription=\"slide\" aria-label=\"6 \/ 7\"><figure class=\"swiper-slide-inner\"><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"swiper-slide-image\" src=\"https:\/\/www.elepcb.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/11\/Schottky-Diodes.jpg\" alt=\"Schottky Diodes\" \/><figcaption class=\"elementor-image-carousel-caption\">Schottky Diodes<\/figcaption><\/figure><\/div><div class=\"swiper-slide\" role=\"group\" aria-roledescription=\"slide\" aria-label=\"7 \/ 7\"><figure class=\"swiper-slide-inner\"><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"swiper-slide-image\" src=\"https:\/\/www.elepcb.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/11\/Zener-Diodes.jpg\" alt=\"Zener Diodes\" \/><figcaption class=\"elementor-image-carousel-caption\">Zener Diodes<\/figcaption><\/figure><\/div>\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-swiper-button elementor-swiper-button-prev\" role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<i aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"eicon-chevron-left\"><\/i>\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-swiper-button elementor-swiper-button-next\" role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<i aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"eicon-chevron-right\"><\/i>\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"swiper-pagination\"><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-8a7455b elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"8a7455b\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-6759ffc\" data-id=\"6759ffc\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-2f85328 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"2f85328\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h3 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\"><b>Types of Diode<\/b><\/h3>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-67bb948 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"67bb948\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-79727e6\" data-id=\"79727e6\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-ef0a702 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"ef0a702\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div data-page-id=\"AzbzdYTTNoYFTvxDOg2cyjsRnqe\" data-lark-html-role=\"root\" data-docx-has-block-data=\"false\"><div class=\"ace-line ace-line old-record-id-PPcZdfHDToAYPTxXJ7ecVXQGnVf\"><strong>Based On its Physical Characteristics and Applications\uff1a<\/strong><\/div><\/div>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-eb94ada elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"eb94ada\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-98a7713\" data-id=\"98a7713\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-ed06b13 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"ed06b13\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<table>\n<colgroup>\n<col width=\"129\">\n<col width=\"553\">\n<col width=\"292\"><\/colgroup>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"white-space-collapse: preserve; border-color: #b1b7c0 #b1b7c0 #dee0e3; font-size: 14pt; font-weight: bold; vertical-align: middle; word-break: break-word; overflow-wrap: break-word; background-color: #15205e; color: #ffffff; text-align: center;\">Diode Type<\/td>\n<td style=\"white-space-collapse: preserve; border-color: #b1b7c0 #b1b7c0 #dee0e3 #dee0e3; font-size: 14pt; font-weight: bold; vertical-align: middle; word-break: break-word; overflow-wrap: break-word; background-color: #15205e; color: #ffffff; text-align: center;\">Principle Brief<\/td>\n<td style=\"white-space-collapse: preserve; border-color: #b1b7c0 #b1b7c0 #dee0e3 #dee0e3; font-size: 14pt; font-weight: bold; vertical-align: middle; word-break: break-word; overflow-wrap: break-word; background-color: #15205e; color: #ffffff; text-align: center;\">Function<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"white-space-collapse: preserve; border-color: #b1b7c0 #b1b7c0 #dee0e3; font-size: 11pt; font-weight: bold; vertical-align: middle; word-break: break-word; overflow-wrap: break-word; background-color: #fff5e9; color: #15205e;\">General Diodes (Si, Ge Diodes)<\/td>\n<td style=\"white-space-collapse: preserve; border-color: #b1b7c0 #b1b7c0 #dee0e3 #dee0e3; font-size: 11pt; font-weight: bold; vertical-align: middle; word-break: break-word; overflow-wrap: break-word; background-color: #fff5e9; color: #15205e;\">Operating principle: PN-junction based.<br>Forward-bias: P-positive, N-negative, majority carriers diffuse, large forward current.<br>Reverse-bias: few carriers drift, small current.<br>Si diode: Vf \u2248 0.7V, Ge diode: Vf \u2248 0.3V.<\/td>\n<td style=\"white-space-collapse: preserve; border-color: #b1b7c0 #b1b7c0 #dee0e3 #dee0e3; font-size: 11pt; font-weight: bold; vertical-align: middle; word-break: break-word; overflow-wrap: break-word; background-color: #fff5e9; color: #15205e;\">1.Rectification AC to DC in power circuits.<br>2.Limit voltage to protect components.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"white-space-collapse: preserve; border-color: #b1b7c0 #b1b7c0 #dee0e3; font-size: 11pt; font-weight: bold; vertical-align: middle; word-break: break-word; overflow-wrap: break-word; background-color: #fff5e9; color: #15205e;\">Zener Diodes<\/td>\n<td style=\"white-space-collapse: preserve; border-color: #b1b7c0 #b1b7c0 #dee0e3 #dee0e3; font-size: 11pt; font-weight: bold; vertical-align: middle; word-break: break-word; overflow-wrap: break-word; background-color: #fff5e9; color: #15205e;\">Reverse-breakdown based.<br>It breaks down at a certain reverse voltage Vz, if the voltage applied across it is reversed, and maintains voltages essentially constant over some current ranges.<\/td>\n<td style=\"white-space-collapse: preserve; border-color: #b1b7c0 #b1b7c0 #dee0e3 #dee0e3; font-size: 11pt; font-weight: bold; vertical-align: middle; word-break: break-word; overflow-wrap: break-word; background-color: #fff5e9; color: #15205e;\">1.Power supplies: to stabilize output voltages.<br>2.Input for reference voltage.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"white-space-collapse: preserve; border-color: #b1b7c0 #b1b7c0 #dee0e3; font-size: 11pt; font-weight: bold; vertical-align: middle; word-break: break-word; overflow-wrap: break-word; background-color: #fff5e9; color: #15205e;\">LEDs<\/td>\n<td style=\"white-space-collapse: preserve; border-color: #dee0e3; font-size: 11pt; font-weight: bold; vertical-align: middle; word-break: break-word; overflow-wrap: break-word; background-color: #fff5e9; color: #15205e;\">Made of semiconductors.<br>Forward current makes electrons-holes recombine and emit light <br>(different materials, different colors).<\/td>\n<td style=\"white-space-collapse: preserve; border-color: #b1b7c0 #b1b7c0 #dee0e3 #dee0e3; font-size: 11pt; font-weight: bold; vertical-align: middle; word-break: break-word; overflow-wrap: break-word; background-color: #fff5e9; color: #15205e;\">1. Lighting (LED lights). <br>2. Display status in devices.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"white-space-collapse: preserve; border-color: #b1b7c0 #b1b7c0 #dee0e3; font-size: 11pt; font-weight: bold; vertical-align: middle; word-break: break-word; overflow-wrap: break-word; background-color: #fff5e9; color: #15205e;\">Optocouplers<\/td>\n<td style=\"white-space-collapse: preserve; border-color: #b1b7c0 #b1b7c0 #dee0e3 #dee0e3; font-size: 11pt; font-weight: bold; vertical-align: middle; word-break: break-word; overflow-wrap: break-word; background-color: #fff5e9; color: #15205e;\">Comprise of LED and photodiode.<br>Light from the light-emitting diode changes the properties of the photodiode for signal transfer.<\/td>\n<td style=\"white-space-collapse: preserve; border-color: #b1b7c0 #b1b7c0 #dee0e3 #dee0e3; font-size: 11pt; font-weight: bold; vertical-align: middle; word-break: break-word; overflow-wrap: break-word; background-color: #fff5e9; color: #15205e;\">1.Isolate circuits<br>2.Transfer signals to perform a logical control<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"white-space-collapse: preserve; border-color: #b1b7c0 #b1b7c0 #dee0e3; font-size: 11pt; font-weight: bold; vertical-align: middle; word-break: break-word; overflow-wrap: break-word; background-color: #fff5e9; color: #15205e;\">Varactor Diodes<\/td>\n<td style=\"white-space-collapse: preserve; border-color: #b1b7c0 #b1b7c0 #dee0e3 #dee0e3; font-size: 11pt; font-weight: bold; vertical-align: middle; word-break: break-word; overflow-wrap: break-word; background-color: #fff5e9; color: #15205e;\">The p-n junction capacitance is nonlinearly dependent on the reverse bias voltage.<\/td>\n<td style=\"white-space-collapse: preserve; border-color: #b1b7c0 #b1b7c0 #dee0e3 #dee0e3; font-size: 11pt; font-weight: bold; vertical-align: middle; word-break: break-word; overflow-wrap: break-word; background-color: #fff5e9; color: #15205e;\">1. Frequency tuning in HF circuits<br>2. Filtering and selecting signals.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"white-space-collapse: preserve; border-color: #b1b7c0 #b1b7c0 #dee0e3; font-size: 11pt; font-weight: bold; vertical-align: middle; word-break: break-word; overflow-wrap: break-word; background-color: #fff5e9; color: #15205e;\">Fast Recovery Diodes<\/td>\n<td style=\"white-space-collapse: preserve; border-color: #b1b7c0 #b1b7c0 #dee0e3 #dee0e3; font-size: 11pt; font-weight: bold; vertical-align: middle; word-break: break-word; overflow-wrap: break-word; background-color: #fff5e9; color: #15205e;\">Special structure, fast minority-carrier recombination from forward to reverse,<br>Small reverse-recovery time.<\/td>\n<td style=\"white-space-collapse: preserve; border-color: #b1b7c0 #b1b7c0 #dee0e3 #dee0e3; font-size: 11pt; font-weight: bold; vertical-align: middle; word-break: break-word; overflow-wrap: break-word; background-color: #fff5e9; color: #15205e;\">Switching power supplies, HF circuits The use of a fast recovery diode will decrease the losses when turning-off.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"white-space-collapse: preserve; border-color: #b1b7c0 #b1b7c0 #dee0e3; font-size: 11pt; font-weight: bold; vertical-align: middle; word-break: break-word; overflow-wrap: break-word; background-color: #fff5e9; color: #15205e;\">Schottky Diodes<\/td>\n<td style=\"white-space-collapse: preserve; border-color: #b1b7c0 #b1b7c0 #dee0e3 #dee0e3; font-size: 11pt; font-weight: bold; vertical-align: middle; word-break: break-word; overflow-wrap: break-word; background-color: #fff5e9; color: #15205e;\">Metal-semiconductor contact, low forward-voltage-drop and fast-switching.<\/td>\n<td style=\"white-space-collapse: preserve; border-color: #b1b7c0 #b1b7c0 #dee0e3 #dee0e3; font-size: 11pt; font-weight: bold; vertical-align: middle; word-break: break-word; overflow-wrap: break-word; background-color: #fff5e9; color: #15205e;\">1. Reduce conduction losses in low-voltage switching power supplies.<br>2. Protection of Circuits.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"white-space-collapse: preserve; border-color: #b1b7c0 #b1b7c0 #dee0e3; font-size: 11pt; font-weight: bold; vertical-align: middle; word-break: break-word; overflow-wrap: break-word; background-color: #fff5e9; color: #15205e;\">TVS Diodes<\/td>\n<td style=\"white-space-collapse: preserve; border-color: #b1b7c0 #b1b7c0 #dee0e3 #dee0e3; font-size: 11pt; font-weight: bold; vertical-align: middle; word-break: break-word; overflow-wrap: break-word; background-color: #fff5e9; color: #15205e;\">When a high voltage pulse occurs, conduct quickly to clamp voltage and then return to the off-state.<\/td>\n<td style=\"white-space-collapse: preserve; border-color: #b1b7c0 #b1b7c0 #dee0e3 #dee0e3; font-size: 11pt; font-weight: bold; vertical-align: middle; word-break: break-word; overflow-wrap: break-word; background-color: #fff5e9; color: #15205e;\">1. Absorb surge pulses to protect components. <br>2. Provide over &#8211; voltage protection.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"white-space-collapse: preserve; border-color: #b1b7c0 #b1b7c0 #dee0e3; font-size: 11pt; font-weight: bold; vertical-align: middle; word-break: break-word; overflow-wrap: break-word; background-color: #fff5e9; color: #15205e;\">ESD Protection Diodes<\/td>\n<td style=\"white-space-collapse: preserve; border-color: #b1b7c0 #b1b7c0 #dee0e3 #dee0e3; font-size: 11pt; font-weight: bold; vertical-align: middle; word-break: break-word; overflow-wrap: break-word; background-color: #fff5e9; color: #15205e;\">It should protect the static-sensitive components. It should be able to safely release static electricity to the ground in the event of a static pulse.<\/td>\n<td style=\"white-space-collapse: preserve; border-color: #b1b7c0 #b1b7c0 #dee0e3 #dee0e3; font-size: 11pt; font-weight: bold; vertical-align: middle; word-break: break-word; overflow-wrap: break-word; background-color: #fff5e9; color: #15205e;\">Protection of static sensitive parts in electronics.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"white-space-collapse: preserve; border-color: #b1b7c0 #b1b7c0 #dee0e3; font-size: 11pt; font-weight: bold; vertical-align: middle; word-break: break-word; overflow-wrap: break-word; background-color: #fff5e9; color: #15205e;\">Point-Contact Diodes<\/td>\n<td style=\"white-space-collapse: preserve; border-color: #b1b7c0 #b1b7c0 #dee0e3 #dee0e3; font-size: 11pt; font-weight: bold; vertical-align: middle; word-break: break-word; overflow-wrap: break-word; background-color: #fff5e9; color: #15205e;\">Thin-wire-semiconductor-wafer contact, small PN- junction area and capacitance.<\/td>\n<td style=\"white-space-collapse: preserve; border-color: #b1b7c0 #b1b7c0 #dee0e3 #dee0e3; font-size: 11pt; font-weight: bold; vertical-align: middle; word-break: break-word; overflow-wrap: break-word; background-color: #fff5e9; color: #15205e;\">For high-frequency and low-current applications.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"white-space-collapse: preserve; border-color: #b1b7c0 #b1b7c0 #dee0e3; font-size: 11pt; font-weight: bold; vertical-align: middle; word-break: break-word; overflow-wrap: break-word; background-color: #fff5e9; color: #15205e;\">Junction-Area-Contact Diodes<\/td>\n<td style=\"white-space-collapse: preserve; border-color: #b1b7c0 #b1b7c0 #dee0e3 #dee0e3; font-size: 11pt; font-weight: bold; vertical-align: middle; word-break: break-word; overflow-wrap: break-word; background-color: #fff5e9; color: #15205e;\">Large PN-junction area, can bear large current but with large capacitance.<\/td>\n<td style=\"white-space-collapse: preserve; border-color: #b1b7c0 #b1b7c0 #dee0e3 #dee0e3; font-size: 11pt; font-weight: bold; vertical-align: middle; word-break: break-word; overflow-wrap: break-word; background-color: #fff5e9; color: #15205e;\">Mainly used for the rectification of large current AC.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"white-space-collapse: preserve; border-color: #b1b7c0; font-size: 11pt; font-weight: bold; vertical-align: middle; word-break: break-word; overflow-wrap: break-word; background-color: #fff5e9; color: #15205e;\">Planar Diodes<\/td>\n<td style=\"white-space-collapse: preserve; border-color: #b1b7c0 #b1b7c0 #b1b7c0 #dee0e3; font-size: 11pt; font-weight: bold; vertical-align: middle; word-break: break-word; overflow-wrap: break-word; background-color: #fff5e9; color: #15205e;\">Special-process-made Si diodes, stable performance.<\/td>\n<td style=\"white-space-collapse: preserve; border-color: #b1b7c0 #b1b7c0 #b1b7c0 #dee0e3; font-size: 11pt; font-weight: bold; vertical-align: middle; word-break: break-word; overflow-wrap: break-word; background-color: #fff5e9; color: #15205e;\">Applied in switching, pulse, and high-frequency circuits.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"white-space-collapse: preserve; border-color: #b1b7c0; font-size: 11pt; font-weight: bold; vertical-align: middle; word-break: break-word; overflow-wrap: break-word; background-color: #fff5e9; color: #15205e;\">Photodiode<\/td>\n<td style=\"white-space-collapse: preserve; border-color: #b1b7c0 #b1b7c0 #b1b7c0 #dee0e3; font-size: 11pt; font-weight: bold; vertical-align: middle; word-break: break-word; overflow-wrap: break-word; background-color: #fff5e9; color: #15205e;\">A semiconductor device that transforms light into an electrical current is called a photodiode. It is predicated on the photoelectric effect, in which photons incident on semiconductor material produce electron-hole pairs.<\/td>\n<td style=\"white-space-collapse: preserve; border-color: #b1b7c0 #b1b7c0 #b1b7c0 #dee0e3; font-size: 11pt; font-weight: bold; vertical-align: middle; word-break: break-word; overflow-wrap: break-word; background-color: #fff5e9; color: #15205e;\">Its primary uses are in light sensing for automated control systems and in optical communication for light intensity detection.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"white-space-collapse: preserve; border-color: #b1b7c0; font-size: 11pt; font-weight: bold; vertical-align: middle; word-break: break-word; overflow-wrap: break-word; background-color: #fff5e9; color: #15205e;\">Constant-current diode<\/td>\n<td style=\"white-space-collapse: preserve; border-color: #b1b7c0 #b1b7c0 #b1b7c0 #dee0e3; font-size: 11pt; font-weight: bold; vertical-align: middle; word-break: break-word; overflow-wrap: break-word; background-color: #fff5e9; color: #15205e;\">A constant current diode is a kind of diode that functions at a comparatively constant value within a specific voltage range. This kind of diode uses the intrinsic structure and properties of the semiconductor to limit the passage of current.<\/td>\n<td style=\"white-space-collapse: preserve; border-color: #b1b7c0 #b1b7c0 #b1b7c0 #dee0e3; font-size: 11pt; font-weight: bold; vertical-align: middle; word-break: break-word; overflow-wrap: break-word; background-color: #fff5e9; color: #15205e;\">It is typically utilized in circuits that need a steady and fixed current source, such some biasing circuits and LED driving circuits.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-4497188 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"4497188\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-1692d57\" data-id=\"1692d57\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-4bdfb4f elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"4bdfb4f\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\"><b>What is the Diode Test?<\/b><\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-fc766d2 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"fc766d2\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-cc15d6f\" data-id=\"cc15d6f\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-ef34599 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"ef34599\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div data-page-id=\"AzbzdYTTNoYFTvxDOg2cyjsRnqe\" data-lark-html-role=\"root\" data-docx-has-block-data=\"false\"><div><div data-page-id=\"AzbzdYTTNoYFTvxDOg2cyjsRnqe\" data-lark-html-role=\"root\" data-docx-has-block-data=\"false\"><div>Diode tests are quick and easy ways to check whether a diode is working properly, helping you avoid potential circuit issues.<\/div><div>To ensure quality and performance, you can utilize a multimeter to test diodes during <strong><a href=\"https:\/\/www.elepcb.com\/pcb-manufacturing-process-and-services\/\">PCB<\/a><\/strong><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/www.elepcb.com\/pcb-manufacturing-process-and-services\/\"> manufacturing<\/a> and <a href=\"https:\/\/www.elepcb.com\/pcb-assembly-process-and-services\/\">assembly<\/a><\/strong>. Because testing your diodes before assembly is always a good idea to prevent headaches later on. While post-assembly testing is possible, identifying faulty components at that stage can be much more difficult. The most common method you\u2019ll use is a multimeter, but there are other effective ways to test diodes and get accurate results.\u00a0<\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-62a63a2 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"62a63a2\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-ccdd193\" data-id=\"ccdd193\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-a6e71f5 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"a6e71f5\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\"><b>Correct Steps for Testing Diode <br>and Other Electronic Component Failures <\/b><\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-4794a24 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"4794a24\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-f01bb82\" data-id=\"f01bb82\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-48a30d6 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"48a30d6\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div data-page-id=\"AzbzdYTTNoYFTvxDOg2cyjsRnqe\" data-lark-html-role=\"root\" data-docx-has-block-data=\"false\"><div><div data-page-id=\"AzbzdYTTNoYFTvxDOg2cyjsRnqe\" data-lark-html-role=\"root\" data-docx-has-block-data=\"false\"><div>The following steps are general and show how to test electronic components,<b> specifically diodes<\/b>, on and off a circuit.<\/div><div><strong>1. Visual Inspection<\/strong><\/div><div>First, perform a visual check to see whether the component is burnt, cracked, or otherwise deformed. It will immediately point to possible causes without having to necessarily take any electrical measurement.<\/div><div><strong>2.Testing can be off-circuit and on-circuit:<\/strong><\/div><div>Determine whether to test the component on-circuit (in place on the PCB), or off-circuit (removed from the board). Testing on-circuit can sometimes lead to incorrect or misleading results due to the influence of other components and the circuit&#8217;s state in general. Off-circuit testing is usually more reliable, especially for sensitive components such as diodes.<\/div><div><strong>3. Functional Testing<\/strong><\/div><div><a href=\"https:\/\/www.elepcb.com\/blog\/pcb-functional-testing\/\">Functional tests<\/a>: These are aimed at ensuring that the component indeed functions as it is supposed to within the entirety of the circuit. For instance, in the case of a diode, one would want to check its conduction and blocking properties in accordance with its intended application within the circuit.<\/div><div><strong>4. Leakage and <\/strong><strong>Breakdown Voltage<\/strong><strong> Tests<\/strong><\/div><div>Leakage and breakdown voltage tests to determine whether the diode is capable of maintaining high resistance in reverse bias and withstanding up to certain amounts of reverse voltage before it breaks down. In fact, these tests are important features that will ensure the reliability of the diode when it is subjected to various operating conditions.<\/div><div><strong>5. <\/strong><strong>Capacitance<\/strong><strong> and Inductance Measurements<\/strong><\/div><div>For capacitance and inductive parts, respectively, the LCR meters measure the property. These form the abnormality that can lead to component failure or its functionality degradation.<\/div><div><strong>6. Continuity and Resistance Checks<\/strong><\/div><div>The multimeter checks for continuity and measures the resistance across the terminals of resistors, capacitors, and any other components. Such measurement against known specifications of various components helps to reveal their values of deviance.<\/div><div><strong>7. Advanced Diagnostics<\/strong><\/div><div>Advanced diagnostic techniques are required for complicated components, or when the above standard tests would not be indicative. Techniques such as X-ray inspection, thermal imaging, or testers designed for the purpose come into play to ascertain the root cause of the failure.<\/div><div><strong>8. Safety Precautions<\/strong><\/div><div>Take all the safety precautions during test procedures by use of personal protective equipment, proper grounding, and handling high voltage components with care to prevent injury or damage to the equipment.<\/div><div><span style=\"color: #d83931;\"><strong>Always practice safety to prevent injury either to yourself or to equipment!!!<\/strong><\/span><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-38d780f elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"38d780f\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-5819485\" data-id=\"5819485\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-37d1d4c elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"37d1d4c\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\"><b>Solutions for Wrong Assembly <\/b><br><b>Requiring Diode Testing Afterwards <\/b><\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-27cba03 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"27cba03\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-c65169a\" data-id=\"c65169a\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-bc955de elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"bc955de\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h3 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\"><b>Here comes the suggestions:<\/b><\/h3>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-c8a8766 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"c8a8766\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-193b1e5\" data-id=\"193b1e5\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-fb032f2 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"fb032f2\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h4 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\"><b>1 Initial Diagnosis without Desoldering<\/b><\/h4>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-c05045e elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"c05045e\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-48ed286\" data-id=\"48ed286\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-fc60ed6 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"fc60ed6\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div data-page-id=\"AzbzdYTTNoYFTvxDOg2cyjsRnqe\" data-lark-html-role=\"root\" data-docx-has-block-data=\"false\"><div class=\"ace-line ace-line old-record-id-W7RQdcdtHoCgVuxSLhhcXHkSnFc\"><strong>\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0Non-contact Testing Methods<\/strong><\/div><ul class=\"list-bullet1\"><li class=\"ace-line ace-line old-record-id-Hzozd2xBHo0FuDxSFCBcZewLnwv\" data-list=\"bullet\"><div>Some advanced oscilloscopes have an electric field induction function and can detect the change of the electric field around the diode without direct contact.<\/div><\/li><li class=\"ace-line ace-line old-record-id-GhYFdNFYloxq3qxqvyMcF3ASnEh\" data-list=\"bullet\"><div>Through analysis of the characteristics of the electric field signal, the malfunction of the diode can be preliminary determined. For example, for a given circuit, a normally operating diode will have a normal electric field fluctuation, while the faulty ones will show an abnormal electric field fluctuation.<\/div><\/li><li class=\"ace-line ace-line old-record-id-TuQtdpkJUoHbEDx7OPUcmW2KnJ2\" data-list=\"bullet\"><div>Non-contact detection of the diode can also be done by infrared thermal imaging technology. A working diode exhibits heat due to the current passing through it, and normally, there will be a pattern of the temperature distribution under infrared thermal imaging. If there is any improper assembly or malfunction in the diode, then it shows a different temperature distribution compared to a normal condition.<\/div><\/li><\/ul><div class=\"ace-line ace-line old-record-id-DSV5diguxoVeprxaUB9cOmICnOc\"><strong>\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0Visual Cues Checking<\/strong><\/div><ul class=\"list-bullet1\"><li class=\"ace-line ace-line old-record-id-Gthjd2FDYoD1DWxPx95cxVuQnkb\" data-list=\"bullet\"><div>Check carefully the appearance markings on the diode, besides polarity markings and model markings.<\/div><\/li><li class=\"ace-line ace-line old-record-id-Uz3Vd2zPDouVB1xP8EOczAqinge\" data-list=\"bullet\"><div>Sometimes, in the process of assembling, one can place the diode in the opposite direction. Its proper markings can identify that type of mistake. Example : On one end, it has a clear white stripe mark that makes up the negative pole.<\/div><\/li><li class=\"ace-line ace-line old-record-id-OEupdqPJEoCyaAx06QFcv2wcnXe\" data-list=\"bullet\"><div>If the position of this mark around the assembled diode does not meet the requirements of the circuit design, then there must be an assembly error. Observe the relative position relationship of components around the diode. In PCB design, every component is usually laid out in a regular manner in order to satisfy the electrical performance requirements of the circuit.<\/div><\/li><li class=\"ace-line ace-line old-record-id-AYDudvTAOoTD5Ex0YqscPwucnPP\" data-list=\"bullet\"><div>If the spacing and arrangement of the diode and other components around cannot confirm with that in the design drawing, it could provide a possibility for an error to appear in the process of assembly. For instance, some capacitors should have a distance from the diode to avoid interference. If this distance is not within the requirement, then the diode may have been incorrectly assembled.<\/div><\/li><\/ul><\/div>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-c5a0d3a elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"c5a0d3a\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-4a41385\" data-id=\"4a41385\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-23080ab elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"23080ab\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h4 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\"><b>2 Testing with Minimum Disruption<\/b><\/h4>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-9e71662 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"9e71662\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-fba211f\" data-id=\"fba211f\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-69d986a elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"69d986a\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div data-page-id=\"AzbzdYTTNoYFTvxDOg2cyjsRnqe\" data-lark-html-role=\"root\" data-docx-has-block-data=\"false\"><div class=\"ace-line ace-line old-record-id-H6KWdbhGdo8ijfxfSYscfi8ynFb\"><strong>\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0Using <a href=\"https:\/\/www.elepcb.com\/blog\/pcb-test-point\/\">Test Points<\/a> for Testing Indicate the test points related to the diode on the <\/strong><strong>PCB<\/strong><strong> board.<\/strong><\/div><ul class=\"list-bullet1\"><li class=\"ace-line ace-line old-record-id-GKBRd7GMhoSyorxyw2FcumwunEd\" data-list=\"bullet\"><div>This will usually need referring to a design drawing of the PCB or analyzing it with some software of the PCB layout. These test points have been set for convenience while testing the circuit without destroying the soldering.<\/div><\/li><li class=\"ace-line ace-line old-record-id-HfjzdpcjfocIFdxmbpccQH8Andh\" data-list=\"bullet\"><div>During the process of connecting test equipment to test points, attention should be paid to the accuracy of the connection. A test probe of good quality should be selected; good contact should be made between the probes and the test points; virtual connections should be avoided. Probes with spring-clip heads can be used to better clamp test points for ensuring a stable electrical connection.<\/div><\/li><li class=\"ace-line ace-line old-record-id-OmXHd4oEooC4xXxSP9icYhVwnGc\" data-list=\"bullet\"><div>The settings should be correct according to the type of the diode and characteristics of the circuit under test. Typically, for silicon diodes, the testing voltage and current may fall within a predefined range. If not, improper setting may drive incorrect results or even damage to the diode.<\/div><\/li><li class=\"ace-line ace-line old-record-id-UJYYdSlihoWqgbxMK18cndgencc\" data-list=\"bullet\"><div>As in testing forward voltage drop, for example, the test current applied should be set within a proper proportion range of the normal working current of the diode and normally set within 1 ~ 10 mA.<\/div><\/li><\/ul><div class=\"ace-line ace-line old-record-id-NqL9d3lfzoAOtKx4a2nc5jrGnSc\"><strong>\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0Activating the <a href=\"https:\/\/www.elepcb.com\/blog\/a-guide-to-pcb-burn-in-testing\/\">Built-inTesting<\/a> Mechanism or Diagnostic Circuitry <\/strong><strong>Look for<\/strong><strong> any document or instruction.<\/strong><\/div><ul class=\"list-bullet1\"><li class=\"ace-line ace-line old-record-id-Do3qduqepoPKqNxmN8AchrkfnNf\" data-list=\"bullet\"><div>Regarding the inbuilt testing mechanisms or diagnostic circuits on the PCB board; this might be from the user manual or the technical specification document provided by the PCB manufacturer. Perform precisely as the instructions dictate to enable these mechanisms or circuits.<\/div><\/li><li class=\"ace-line ace-line old-record-id-LDG1dZZZyoFmJaxzcxCct8GDnGN\" data-list=\"bullet\"><div>Several of them will need specific input signals or operational processes. For example, a pulse signal with certain frequency and amplitude may be required to be put on a specific pin of the PCB board in order for it to initiate the self-test function of the diode.<\/div><\/li><li class=\"ace-line ace-line old-record-id-IzgAddawFo9qPRxyfYOc0njInhb\" data-list=\"bullet\"><div>Detailed analysis of the test result: The integrated testing mechanisms or diagnostic circuits may return some codes or signals to represent the state of the diode; hence, these results need to be compared with known reference information of normal and faulty states in order to determine whether there is a problem with the diode and what kind of problem.<\/div><\/li><\/ul><\/div>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-ce641ac elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"ce641ac\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-050daf4\" data-id=\"050daf4\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-9e809f8 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"9e809f8\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h4 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\"><b>3 When Desoldering is Unavoidable<\/b><\/h4>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-2521bfc elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"2521bfc\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-002ff17\" data-id=\"002ff17\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-5c494fd elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"5c494fd\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div data-page-id=\"AzbzdYTTNoYFTvxDOg2cyjsRnqe\" data-lark-html-role=\"root\" data-docx-has-block-data=\"false\"><ul class=\"list-bullet1\"><li class=\"ace-line ace-line old-record-id-Zag2dC41eou3a4xiLfScHfR0nqd\" data-list=\"bullet\"><div>It will definitely be necessary to desolder if it is impossible to get conclusive results through the methods without desoldering. Mark the position and direction of the diode carefully, since it will have to be correctly installed later on.<\/div><\/li><li class=\"ace-line ace-line old-record-id-HtKWdFFneoZLlGxFHHAcV0nKnRc\" data-list=\"bullet\"><div>For desoldering, proper desoldering equipment should be used to minimize further damage to the PCB board and other<a href=\"https:\/\/www.elepcb.com\/blog\/pcb-components-sourcing\/\"> components<\/a>, like a desoldering pump or a soldering wick.<\/div><\/li><\/ul><\/div>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-ef46f40 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"ef46f40\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-219e4f2\" data-id=\"219e4f2\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-66389af elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"66389af\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\"><b>Application of Diode in PCB <\/b><br><b>-Taking PV System as an Example<\/b><\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-da507d0 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"da507d0\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-c9a25ae\" data-id=\"c9a25ae\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-3d862cb elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"3d862cb\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div data-page-id=\"AzbzdYTTNoYFTvxDOg2cyjsRnqe\" data-lark-html-role=\"root\" data-docx-has-block-data=\"false\"><div class=\"ace-line ace-line old-record-id-BvqLdT6APo2yhqxOk4Rc2OLLnMg\">This paragraph focuses on the application of diodes in PV systems; however, here is a summary by <strong>ELEpcb<\/strong> of some general points that may help you solve your problem.<\/div><\/div>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-ac97a59 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"ac97a59\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-34527b4\" data-id=\"34527b4\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-0bf9741 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"0bf9741\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h3 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\"><b>Fully Shaded Solar Cell - Voltage Mismatch <\/b><\/h3>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-e38cbce elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"e38cbce\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-82dceeb\" data-id=\"82dceeb\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-3da40dc elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"3da40dc\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div data-page-id=\"AzbzdYTTNoYFTvxDOg2cyjsRnqe\" data-lark-html-role=\"root\" data-docx-has-block-data=\"false\"><ul><li data-list=\"bullet\"><div>When a solar cell becomes shaded and voltage mismatch occurs, the state of inverter is irrelevant. The reverse current between PV strings does not occur. Slight increase in temperature occurs in bypass diode.<\/div><\/li><li data-list=\"bullet\"><div>For PCB design, its placement on PCB is key. Short electrical connections on PCB reduce resistance. Good thermal conductive PCB material aids in dissipation of heat.<\/div><\/li><\/ul><\/div>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-021e467 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"021e467\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-a3ba3b5\" data-id=\"a3ba3b5\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-383fdaa elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"383fdaa\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h3 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\"><b>Bypass Diode Short Circuit Failure<\/b><\/h3>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-d64b664 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"d64b664\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-8eca4ec\" data-id=\"8eca4ec\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-ccb57fa elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"ccb57fa\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div data-page-id=\"AzbzdYTTNoYFTvxDOg2cyjsRnqe\" data-lark-html-role=\"root\" data-docx-has-block-data=\"false\"><ul class=\"list-bullet1\"><li class=\"ace-line ace-line old-record-id-K6fvdNzzHogGQzx1SqFcZkZVnSd\" data-list=\"bullet\"><div>A bypass diode <a href=\"https:\/\/www.elepcb.com\/blog\/pcb-short-circuit\/\">short circuit<\/a> produces electric and thermal problems. Inverter on no reverse current, inverter off large reverse current, diode deforms, cells get hotter.<\/div><\/li><li class=\"ace-line ace-line old-record-id-HFHYdVDOwoGwXnxHLqPcfLFJnfg\" data-list=\"bullet\"><div>Trace routing and layout matter in the PCB design. Overcurrent protection for the diodes has to be provided on the PCB. On the PCB, heat dissipation and spacing between components have to be taken into account.<\/div><\/li><\/ul><\/div>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-0cd1e0a elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"0cd1e0a\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-5a87813\" data-id=\"5a87813\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-5d789cf elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"5d789cf\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h3 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\"><b>Fuses in Photovoltaic Systems<\/b><\/h3>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-015d984 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"015d984\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-675bea7\" data-id=\"675bea7\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-b98a869 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"b98a869\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div data-page-id=\"AzbzdYTTNoYFTvxDOg2cyjsRnqe\" data-lark-html-role=\"root\" data-docx-has-block-data=\"false\"><ul class=\"list-bullet1\"><li class=\"ace-line ace-line old-record-id-Rql0dXT6ro9WQFxJiUjcZFD4nQh\" data-list=\"bullet\"><div>Fuses in PV systems block overcurrent. Overcurrent operates the fuse-open PV string and loses the output. Reverse current below the rating may cause problems.<\/div><\/li><li class=\"ace-line ace-line old-record-id-HLWgdiNnOo6ikrxCaJAc9OFnn8b\" data-list=\"bullet\"><div>In the case of a <a href=\"https:\/\/www.elepcb.com\/pcb-layout-design-process-and-guidelines\/\">PCB design<\/a>, the fuse circuitry must be kept separate. Trace sizing for fuses is very important. The PCB should handle fuse-related changes without damage.<\/div><\/li><\/ul><div class=\"ace-line ace-line old-record-id-D1I9dbELcoexzqxCtvUcORClnfb\"><em><strong>Want to know more details, <\/strong><\/em><em><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/www.elepcb.com\/contact-us\/\" data-lark-is-custom=\"true\">Contact US<\/a><\/strong><\/em><em><strong>!<\/strong><\/em><\/div><\/div>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-ba9b032 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"ba9b032\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-9893e53\" data-id=\"9893e53\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-2ddd49f elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"2ddd49f\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\"><b>Things to Keep in Mind -Tips<\/b><\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-14518b5 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"14518b5\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-8afba0e\" data-id=\"8afba0e\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-fb58d30 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"fb58d30\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div data-page-id=\"AzbzdYTTNoYFTvxDOg2cyjsRnqe\" data-lark-html-role=\"root\" data-docx-has-block-data=\"false\"><div class=\"ace-line ace-line old-record-id-REuLdkIOToJAWJxIpLOcRJp2ntf\">Users of this equipment must be aware that it is not intended for general use and therefore need to be aware of the possible risks.<\/div><\/div>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-4bb6988 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"4bb6988\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-7cb9f99\" data-id=\"7cb9f99\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-1dd55dd elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"1dd55dd\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h3 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\"><b>Safety<\/b><\/h3>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-b33e404 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"b33e404\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-a5b1ba1\" data-id=\"a5b1ba1\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-3392d8d elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"3392d8d\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div data-page-id=\"AzbzdYTTNoYFTvxDOg2cyjsRnqe\" data-lark-html-role=\"root\" data-docx-has-block-data=\"false\"><ul class=\"list-bullet1\"><li class=\"ace-line ace-line old-record-id-KKi2dHpw7o2LV5xQmnjcKjIZnWh\" data-list=\"bullet\"><div>The enclosure must have safety conductors as exposed conductors may be hazardous to the voltages and currents specified herein.<\/div><\/li><li class=\"ace-line ace-line old-record-id-OlOLdWbfQoip2hxanQzcawiCnTj\" data-list=\"bullet\"><div>The metal enclosure should be earthed and fitted with a high voltage fuse.<\/div><\/li><\/ul><\/div>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-4bb0950 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"4bb0950\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-223a70b\" data-id=\"223a70b\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-be230c4 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"be230c4\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h3 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\"><b>Circuit Changes<\/b><\/h3>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-b916ef7 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"b916ef7\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-0c65cc1\" data-id=\"0c65cc1\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-d72a1f2 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"d72a1f2\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div data-page-id=\"AzbzdYTTNoYFTvxDOg2cyjsRnqe\" data-lark-html-role=\"root\" data-docx-has-block-data=\"false\"><ul class=\"list-bullet1\"><li class=\"ace-line ace-line old-record-id-BFHzdnThboDA4TxVV2vcpKzjnVg\" data-list=\"bullet\"><div><strong>Insert a 20-turn trimmer potentiometer<\/strong> into the appropriate circuit for finer control of the voltage reference.<\/div><\/li><li class=\"ace-line ace-line old-record-id-PYE3dcg1Moc49qxp44RcAt3Hneb\" data-list=\"bullet\"><div>Use labeled networks and divide the schematic into sections for clarity.<\/div><\/li><li class=\"ace-line ace-line old-record-id-QljXdKYpAocWYYxSW4OcXrHanQb\" data-list=\"bullet\"><div>Use potentiometer\/switch symbols in the schematic and designate the connectors as footprints.<\/div><\/li><\/ul><div class=\"ace-line ace-line old-record-id-XPccdaS1so0vnhxeiIkcHIFknch\">Note: A 1uF capacitive load directly driving the ADC analog reference may cause the LM358 to become unstable.<\/div><\/div>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-bfed384 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"bfed384\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-f9e7672\" data-id=\"f9e7672\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-ac7d7d8 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"ac7d7d8\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h3 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\"><b>Miscellaneous<\/b><\/h3>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-34acf01 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"34acf01\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-76481dd\" data-id=\"76481dd\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-900fc88 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"900fc88\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div data-page-id=\"AzbzdYTTNoYFTvxDOg2cyjsRnqe\" data-lark-html-role=\"root\" data-docx-has-block-data=\"false\"><ul class=\"list-bullet1\"><li class=\"ace-line ace-line old-record-id-Z6xHdsOs2o3G4OxYQpKcilsunof\" data-list=\"bullet\"><div>To control the output voltage and current, the operational amplifier reads the output value and compares it to a voltage reference that further drives the transistor.<\/div><\/li><\/ul><\/div>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-fa29359 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"fa29359\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-3d82f8a\" data-id=\"3d82f8a\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-9b46ad3 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"9b46ad3\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h3 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\"><b>The Use Technique Of the Potentiometer<\/b><\/h3>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-6e6f4f9 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"6e6f4f9\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-37275f8\" data-id=\"37275f8\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-2817ad5 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"2817ad5\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div data-page-id=\"AzbzdYTTNoYFTvxDOg2cyjsRnqe\" data-lark-html-role=\"root\" data-docx-has-block-data=\"false\"><div class=\"ace-line ace-line old-record-id-F6nmdDqdVoUbhYx6waUchb4Fnsg\">Maybe you need to know, the use technique of the potentiometer is as follows:<\/div><\/div>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-2792d0c elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"2792d0c\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-530d1da\" data-id=\"530d1da\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-2b84207 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"2b84207\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h4 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\"><b>I. Materials and Environment<\/b><\/h4>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-4851ada elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"4851ada\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-edc54b1\" data-id=\"edc54b1\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-c33b726 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"c33b726\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div data-page-id=\"AzbzdYTTNoYFTvxDOg2cyjsRnqe\" data-lark-html-role=\"root\" data-docx-has-block-data=\"false\"><ol class=\"list-number1\" start=\"1\"><li class=\"ace-line ace-line old-record-id-SvFvdg9Ejo9YnXxr4JTckApWnHb\" data-list=\"number\"><div>Resistors of most potentiometers are made from polycarbonate synthetic resin. Avoid contacting ammonia, amines, alkaline aqueous solutions, aromatic hydrocarbons, ketones, aliphatic hydrocarbons and chemicals with high acid value. Also, avoid condensation or water droplets on the surface of the potentiometer and do not put it in a humid place to avoid performance degradation or a short-circuit.<\/div><\/li><li class=\"ace-line ace-line old-record-id-Y4woduwvWojpEZxoTwFcgRMInNg\" data-list=\"number\"><div>The potentiometer&#8217;s carbon film can withstand temperatures up to 70\u00b0C. Temperatures higher than this may cause it to lose its function.<\/div><\/li><\/ol><\/div>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-afb8818 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"afb8818\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-dc89e0b\" data-id=\"dc89e0b\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-29bb490 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"29bb490\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h4 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\"><b>II. Welding-related<\/b><\/h4>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-4bc0322 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"4bc0322\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-770be42\" data-id=\"770be42\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-df462f8 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"df462f8\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div data-page-id=\"AzbzdYTTNoYFTvxDOg2cyjsRnqe\" data-lark-html-role=\"root\" data-docx-has-block-data=\"false\"><ol class=\"list-number1\" start=\"1\"><li class=\"ace-line ace-line old-record-id-U9yld1KdVorOdgxzpxBcfeggn9f\" data-list=\"number\"><div>Avoid using water-soluble fluxes at the wiring terminals. Do not use inferior fluxes, because poor welding may result in poor contact or open circuits.<\/div><\/li><li class=\"ace-line ace-line old-record-id-RfN7dvqSsoK50yxaoeccsgT6nBf\" data-list=\"number\"><div>When welding the terminals of the potentiometer, the temperature and distance should be controlled. For pin-type terminals, the welding temperature is<b> 235\u00b0C \u00b1 5\u00b0C<\/b>; the distance between welding from the potentiometer body should be <b>over 1.5 mm<\/b>. Let the solder not flow through the circuit board. For solder wire terminals, the temperature shall be <b>350\u00b0C \u00b1 10\u00b0C<\/b>. While doing this, the flux is kept out of the potentiometer to avoid poor contact between the brush and the resistor, which may cause noise. Also, to be avoided is strong pressure on the terminals.<\/div><\/li><\/ol><\/div>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-d2667ab elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"d2667ab\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-1de834d\" data-id=\"1de834d\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-d74deac elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"d74deac\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h4 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\"><b>III. Temperature-related<\/b><\/h4>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-04ef6cf elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"04ef6cf\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-1091478\" data-id=\"1091478\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-b85ba54 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"b85ba54\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div data-page-id=\"AzbzdYTTNoYFTvxDOg2cyjsRnqe\" data-lark-html-role=\"root\" data-docx-has-block-data=\"false\"><div class=\"ace-line ace-line old-record-id-ArnudgbaEoC6p3xDeLFcDjvbnte\">The displacement force of the potentiometer-rotary or sliding-varies with temperature. If used in a low-temperature environment, this fact should be noted so that a special low-temperature grease can be used.<\/div><\/div>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-698acdb elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"698acdb\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-257b0d2\" data-id=\"257b0d2\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-d929592 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"d929592\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h4 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\"><b>IV. Selection and Mounting of Structure<\/b><\/h4>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-9dc88e2 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"9dc88e2\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-c265610\" data-id=\"c265610\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-a36f769 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"a36f769\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div data-page-id=\"AzbzdYTTNoYFTvxDOg2cyjsRnqe\" data-lark-html-role=\"root\" data-docx-has-block-data=\"false\"><ol class=\"list-number1\" start=\"1\"><li class=\"ace-line ace-line old-record-id-Hm0TdjLjKo9tU6xAqOScjZsfnfd\" data-list=\"number\"><div>Potentiometers can be applied to voltage-regulating structures; however, current-regulating structures should be avoided because the contact resistance between the resistor and the sliding arm does not favor the passage of large currents.<\/div><\/li><li class=\"ace-line ace-line old-record-id-Lz0dd81nko0SZjxLS5qcD9MenVh\" data-list=\"number\"><div>During installation, a rotary potentiometer should not be screwed too tightly, while one should not use very long screws in installing a sliding potentiometer.<\/div><\/li><li class=\"ace-line ace-line old-record-id-QcgVdbdOWokBCAxGapHcKI6tn2e\" data-list=\"number\"><div>When fixing the potentiometer onto a knob, forcing too much thrust should be avoided.<\/div><\/li><li class=\"ace-line ace-line old-record-id-X17gdhPl7oWVkgxBblJcDdRSnWd\" data-list=\"number\"><div>Potentiometer shafts or sliders can be too large and cause wobble; the longer the wobble, the more interference.<\/div><\/li><\/ol><\/div>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-76833c09 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"76833c09\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-2b310bba\" data-id=\"2b310bba\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-c225741 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"c225741\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\"><b>Conclusion<\/b><\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-3fec8bc0 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"3fec8bc0\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-50bc64d7\" data-id=\"50bc64d7\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-1b9ee1a5 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"1b9ee1a5\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div data-page-id=\"K5cQdPyqAoIVz9xiCVzcrjK4n2e\" data-lark-html-role=\"root\" data-docx-has-block-data=\"false\">\n<div data-page-id=\"HPPmdA9rxoVnY1xTackcVp1ynTc\" data-lark-html-role=\"root\" data-docx-has-block-data=\"false\">\n<div class=\"ace-line ace-line old-record-id-Nebfd9vLHouKj9x2Rh5cX4QFnhb\">\n<div data-page-id=\"AzbzdYTTNoYFTvxDOg2cyjsRnqe\" data-lark-html-role=\"root\" data-docx-has-block-data=\"false\">\n<div class=\"ace-line ace-line old-record-id-RfWwdEFakoA2xExJwwNcVtkEnmc\">\n<div data-page-id=\"AzbzdYTTNoYFTvxDOg2cyjsRnqe\" data-lark-html-role=\"root\" data-docx-has-block-data=\"false\">\n<div class=\"ace-line ace-line old-record-id-RfWwdEFakoA2xExJwwNcVtkEnmc\">Diodes are small in size but a very crucial part of any circuit. If it fails, then the problem is huge. It is, therefore, very important to check your diode before incorporating them into any circuit. During the testing of diodes, a multimeter is widely used equipment.<\/div>\n<div class=\"ace-line ace-line old-record-id-SAKTd9Byio2HU4xnbbPcsRvsnUe\">This article, <em><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/www.elepcb.com\/contact-us\/\" data-lark-is-custom=\"true\">ELEpcb<\/a><\/strong><\/em>, not only introduces the specific method of how to test a diode in a circuit, but also shares some tools and equipment which is useful in this process. Hopefully, it can give you a satisfactory answer to the solution.<\/div>\n<div class=\"ace-line ace-line old-record-id-FuJqdt7f2o405cxM3K1c49FunDf\">We are vastly aware of how a PCB board <a href=\"https:\/\/www.elepcb.com\/pcb-manufacturing-process-and-services\/\" data-lark-is-custom=\"true\">manufacturer<\/a> depends upon dependent parts in the manufacturing process of a printed circuit board, and also we have a guidance of <a href=\"https:\/\/www.elepcb.com\/pcb-assembly-process-and-services\/\" data-lark-is-custom=\"true\">PCB assembly<\/a> for you to check. Of course, if any of this is not clear to you, please don&#8217;t hesitate to contact us with any inquiries that you have about this subject. <em><strong>&lt;<\/strong><\/em><em><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/www.elepcb.com\/contact-us\/\" data-lark-is-custom=\"true\">Contact Us<\/a><\/strong><\/em><em><strong>&gt;<\/strong><\/em><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-fc8ba85 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"fc8ba85\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-3ebeb60\" data-id=\"3ebeb60\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-7aeaf74 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"7aeaf74\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\"><b>FAQs<\/b><\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-7b54e14c elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"7b54e14c\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-727edabe\" data-id=\"727edabe\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-48f13ce elementor-widget elementor-widget-toggle\" data-id=\"48f13ce\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"toggle.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-toggle\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-toggle-item\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-title-7641\" class=\"elementor-tab-title\" data-tab=\"1\" role=\"button\" aria-controls=\"elementor-tab-content-7641\" aria-expanded=\"false\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-toggle-icon elementor-toggle-icon-left\" aria-hidden=\"true\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-toggle-icon-closed\"><i class=\"fas fa-caret-right\"><\/i><\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-toggle-icon-opened\"><i class=\"elementor-toggle-icon-opened fas fa-caret-up\"><\/i><\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<a class=\"elementor-toggle-title\" tabindex=\"0\">Q1: What am I actually testing if I probe a component on a PCB?<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\n\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-content-7641\" class=\"elementor-tab-content elementor-clearfix\" data-tab=\"1\" role=\"region\" aria-labelledby=\"elementor-tab-title-7641\"><div data-page-id=\"K5cQdPyqAoIVz9xiCVzcrjK4n2e\" data-lark-html-role=\"root\" data-docx-has-block-data=\"false\"><div class=\"ace-line ace-line old-record-id-KHCidYRV6oLhKyxJRZwcIH74nFb\"><div data-page-id=\"AzbzdYTTNoYFTvxDOg2cyjsRnqe\" data-lark-html-role=\"root\" data-docx-has-block-data=\"false\"><div class=\"ace-line ace-line old-record-id-YvwhduUdwoQagqxDRHHcNKpgnSg\">A1: If you probe a component on a PCB, you are actually testing all the components that are electrically connected to it-not the component itself.<\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-toggle-item\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-title-7642\" class=\"elementor-tab-title\" data-tab=\"2\" role=\"button\" aria-controls=\"elementor-tab-content-7642\" aria-expanded=\"false\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-toggle-icon elementor-toggle-icon-left\" aria-hidden=\"true\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-toggle-icon-closed\"><i class=\"fas fa-caret-right\"><\/i><\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-toggle-icon-opened\"><i class=\"elementor-toggle-icon-opened fas fa-caret-up\"><\/i><\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<a class=\"elementor-toggle-title\" tabindex=\"0\">Q2: How do I test components individually?<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\n\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-content-7642\" class=\"elementor-tab-content elementor-clearfix\" data-tab=\"2\" role=\"region\" aria-labelledby=\"elementor-tab-title-7642\"><div data-page-id=\"K5cQdPyqAoIVz9xiCVzcrjK4n2e\" data-lark-html-role=\"root\" data-docx-has-block-data=\"false\"><div class=\"ace-line ace-line old-record-id-BWQ0dJKPTovPhYx6XTfc9xMAngc\"><div data-page-id=\"AzbzdYTTNoYFTvxDOg2cyjsRnqe\" data-lark-html-role=\"root\" data-docx-has-block-data=\"false\"><div class=\"ace-line ace-line old-record-id-R8zRdU6F3oSDduxsZ6wccgsonAd\">A2: To test a component individually, it must be electrically disconnected from the rest of the PCB-usually by removing it.<\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-toggle-item\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-title-7643\" class=\"elementor-tab-title\" data-tab=\"3\" role=\"button\" aria-controls=\"elementor-tab-content-7643\" aria-expanded=\"false\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-toggle-icon elementor-toggle-icon-left\" aria-hidden=\"true\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-toggle-icon-closed\"><i class=\"fas fa-caret-right\"><\/i><\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-toggle-icon-opened\"><i class=\"elementor-toggle-icon-opened fas fa-caret-up\"><\/i><\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<a class=\"elementor-toggle-title\" tabindex=\"0\">Q3: A component can be rightly tested in the state of?<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\n\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-content-7643\" class=\"elementor-tab-content elementor-clearfix\" data-tab=\"3\" role=\"region\" aria-labelledby=\"elementor-tab-title-7643\"><div data-page-id=\"K5cQdPyqAoIVz9xiCVzcrjK4n2e\" data-lark-html-role=\"root\" data-docx-has-block-data=\"false\"><div class=\" old-record-id-VIvSds1JnokGWWxGglucirLXn4O\"><div data-page-id=\"AzbzdYTTNoYFTvxDOg2cyjsRnqe\" data-lark-html-role=\"root\" data-docx-has-block-data=\"false\"><div class=\"ace-line ace-line old-record-id-VYumdxFglopUbOxzDLUcxmGKnAh\">A3: Out of circuit, a component can be tested correctly because when they are in the circuit the measurement is the combined result of all connected components.<\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-toggle-item\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-title-7644\" class=\"elementor-tab-title\" data-tab=\"4\" role=\"button\" aria-controls=\"elementor-tab-content-7644\" aria-expanded=\"false\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-toggle-icon elementor-toggle-icon-left\" aria-hidden=\"true\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-toggle-icon-closed\"><i class=\"fas fa-caret-right\"><\/i><\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-toggle-icon-opened\"><i class=\"elementor-toggle-icon-opened fas fa-caret-up\"><\/i><\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<a class=\"elementor-toggle-title\" tabindex=\"0\">Q4: Do you know the diode industry cutting edge information?<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\n\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-content-7644\" class=\"elementor-tab-content elementor-clearfix\" data-tab=\"4\" role=\"region\" aria-labelledby=\"elementor-tab-title-7644\"><div data-page-id=\"K5cQdPyqAoIVz9xiCVzcrjK4n2e\" data-lark-html-role=\"root\" data-docx-has-block-data=\"false\"><div class=\" old-record-id-VIvSds1JnokGWWxGglucirLXn4O\"><div data-page-id=\"K5cQdPyqAoIVz9xiCVzcrjK4n2e\" data-lark-html-role=\"root\" data-docx-has-block-data=\"false\"><div class=\"ace-line ace-line old-record-id-JG9ldpHkroz4L3xpukaciJytnNb\"><div data-page-id=\"AzbzdYTTNoYFTvxDOg2cyjsRnqe\" data-lark-html-role=\"root\" data-docx-has-block-data=\"false\"><div class=\"ace-line ace-line old-record-id-JJI9d3rI5or1Iix3Z0ccn56vnce\">A4: Of course, one can easily imagine that modern industry researchers who would like to break through the performance of the diode are mainly studying its materials and geometry in order to make a breakthrough.<\/div><div class=\"ace-line ace-line old-record-id-YNAxdPkTAofFkKxGu25c0Fi9nIe\"><strong>1 ELE finds you some popular professional modeling tools on the market :<\/strong><\/div><div class=\"ace-line ace-line old-record-id-UI8xd7rhpowJtnxloPIcLU3Ynzb\">Comsol, Ansys, SimScale, and OpenFoam(not open source)<\/div><div class=\"ace-line ace-line old-record-id-PJWHdP4cWoZGtjxnIFlc0WOHnYe\">Heatrapy framework, TCC Builder (open source)<\/div><div class=\"ace-line ace-line old-record-id-Znhyd2j9eoh3V6xnAUucHgqynbm\"><strong>2 About the material:<\/strong><\/div><div class=\"ace-line ace-line old-record-id-OEU5dm6HFoCXvRxjNRtc4yLWntg\">You can read the relevant papers according to reference-2, that the research team provided a detailed description of the 2D device and modeled it for SPICE simulations. (open source)<\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-8cff82d elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"8cff82d\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-b32df09\" data-id=\"b32df09\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-25a262b elementor-widget elementor-widget-spacer\" data-id=\"25a262b\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"spacer.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-spacer\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-spacer-inner\"><\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-ac264d5 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"ac264d5\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\" data-settings=\"{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-38256a2\" data-id=\"38256a2\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-4ed38ca elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"4ed38ca\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\"><b>References<\/b><\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-355c20b elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"355c20b\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-6a3b102\" data-id=\"6a3b102\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\" data-settings=\"{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-53b3f95 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"53b3f95\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div data-lark-html-role=\"root\"><ol><li class=\"ace-line ace-line old-record-id-VCNTdIvzYo5Thgxx6pXcE1YbnPe\" style=\"text-align: left;\" data-list=\"number\"><em>\u00a0Vozel, K., Klinar, K., Petelin, N., Kitanovski, A., TCCbuilder: an open-source tool for the analysis of thermal switches, thermal diodes, thermalregulators, and thermal control circuits, ISCIENCE (2024), doi:<\/em><em>https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.isci.2024.111263.<\/em><\/li><li class=\"ace-line ace-line old-record-id-GVYmdDV93oETOdx6Ckkc4LkinSd\" style=\"text-align: left;\" data-list=\"number\"><em>Matthus, C.D., Chava, P., Watanabe, K., Taniguchi, T., Mikolajick, T., Erbe, A., 2D BDiode \u2013 A switchable bidirectional diode for <\/em><em>analog<\/em><em> electronic circuits fabricated entirely from 2D materials, Micro and Nano Engineering (2024), <\/em><em>doi<\/em><em>: <\/em><em>https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.mne.2024.100246.<\/em><\/li><li class=\"ace-line ace-line old-record-id-Wfw5dU4d8odstJxuimwctucUnIR\" style=\"text-align: left;\" data-list=\"number\"><em>Lee, C.G., Shin, W.G., Lim, J.R., Kang, G.H., Ju, Y.C., Hwang, H.M., Chang, H.S., Ko, S.W., Analysis of electrical and thermal characteristics of <\/em><em>PV<\/em><em> array under mismatching conditions caused by partial shading and <\/em><em>short circuit<\/em><em> failure of bypass diodes, Energy (2021), doi:<\/em><em>https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.energy.2020.119480.<\/em><\/li><\/ol><\/div>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-612860cb elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"612860cb\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-3bc88878\" data-id=\"3bc88878\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-410aeb78 elementor-widget elementor-widget-shortcode\" data-id=\"410aeb78\" data-element_type=\"widget\" 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Address\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/label>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<input size=\"1\" type=\"email\" name=\"form_fields[message]\" id=\"form-field-message\" class=\"elementor-field elementor-size-sm  elementor-field-textual\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-field-type-tel elementor-field-group elementor-column elementor-field-group-field_373bda7 elementor-col-50\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<label for=\"form-field-field_373bda7\" class=\"elementor-field-label\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\tPhone Number\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/label>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<input size=\"1\" type=\"tel\" name=\"form_fields[field_373bda7]\" id=\"form-field-field_373bda7\" class=\"elementor-field elementor-size-sm  elementor-field-textual\" pattern=\"[0-9()#&amp;+*-=.]+\" title=\"Csak a sz\u00e1mok \u00e9s telefonkarakterek (#, -, * stb.) fogadhat\u00f3k el.\">\n\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-field-type-checkbox elementor-field-group elementor-column elementor-field-group-field_c168eb1 elementor-col-100\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<label for=\"form-field-field_c168eb1\" class=\"elementor-field-label\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\tI am interested in (select all that apply)\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/label>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-field-subgroup  elementor-subgroup-inline\"><span class=\"elementor-field-option\"><input type=\"checkbox\" value=\"Rigid PCBs\" id=\"form-field-field_c168eb1-0\" name=\"form_fields[field_c168eb1][]\"> <label for=\"form-field-field_c168eb1-0\">Rigid PCBs<\/label><\/span><span class=\"elementor-field-option\"><input type=\"checkbox\" value=\"Flexible Printed Circuit Boards\" id=\"form-field-field_c168eb1-1\" name=\"form_fields[field_c168eb1][]\"> <label for=\"form-field-field_c168eb1-1\">Flexible Printed Circuit Boards<\/label><\/span><span class=\"elementor-field-option\"><input type=\"checkbox\" value=\"Flexible Aluminum PCBs\" id=\"form-field-field_c168eb1-2\" name=\"form_fields[field_c168eb1][]\"> <label for=\"form-field-field_c168eb1-2\">Flexible Aluminum PCBs<\/label><\/span><span class=\"elementor-field-option\"><input type=\"checkbox\" value=\"Flexible PCB Microcircuits\" id=\"form-field-field_c168eb1-3\" name=\"form_fields[field_c168eb1][]\"> <label for=\"form-field-field_c168eb1-3\">Flexible PCB Microcircuits<\/label><\/span><span class=\"elementor-field-option\"><input type=\"checkbox\" value=\"Ultra-Thin Flexible PCBs\" id=\"form-field-field_c168eb1-4\" name=\"form_fields[field_c168eb1][]\"> <label for=\"form-field-field_c168eb1-4\">Ultra-Thin Flexible PCBs<\/label><\/span><span class=\"elementor-field-option\"><input type=\"checkbox\" value=\"Rigid-Flex\" id=\"form-field-field_c168eb1-5\" name=\"form_fields[field_c168eb1][]\"> <label for=\"form-field-field_c168eb1-5\">Rigid-Flex<\/label><\/span><span class=\"elementor-field-option\"><input type=\"checkbox\" value=\"Ceramic Printed Circuit Boards\" id=\"form-field-field_c168eb1-6\" name=\"form_fields[field_c168eb1][]\"> <label for=\"form-field-field_c168eb1-6\">Ceramic Printed Circuit Boards<\/label><\/span><span class=\"elementor-field-option\"><input type=\"checkbox\" value=\"Aluminum Printed Circuit Boards\" id=\"form-field-field_c168eb1-7\" name=\"form_fields[field_c168eb1][]\"> <label for=\"form-field-field_c168eb1-7\">Aluminum Printed Circuit Boards<\/label><\/span><span class=\"elementor-field-option\"><input type=\"checkbox\" value=\"Copper Core\" id=\"form-field-field_c168eb1-8\" name=\"form_fields[field_c168eb1][]\"> <label for=\"form-field-field_c168eb1-8\">Copper Core<\/label><\/span><span class=\"elementor-field-option\"><input type=\"checkbox\" value=\"IC Substrates &amp; Interposer\" id=\"form-field-field_c168eb1-9\" name=\"form_fields[field_c168eb1][]\"> <label for=\"form-field-field_c168eb1-9\">IC Substrates & Interposer<\/label><\/span><span class=\"elementor-field-option\"><input type=\"checkbox\" value=\"High TG PCBs\" id=\"form-field-field_c168eb1-10\" name=\"form_fields[field_c168eb1][]\"> <label for=\"form-field-field_c168eb1-10\">High TG PCBs<\/label><\/span><span class=\"elementor-field-option\"><input type=\"checkbox\" value=\"Heavy Copper\" id=\"form-field-field_c168eb1-11\" name=\"form_fields[field_c168eb1][]\"> <label for=\"form-field-field_c168eb1-11\">Heavy Copper<\/label><\/span><span class=\"elementor-field-option\"><input type=\"checkbox\" value=\"PCB Assembly\" id=\"form-field-field_c168eb1-12\" name=\"form_fields[field_c168eb1][]\"> <label for=\"form-field-field_c168eb1-12\">PCB Assembly<\/label><\/span><span class=\"elementor-field-option\"><input type=\"checkbox\" value=\"Components Sourcing\" id=\"form-field-field_c168eb1-13\" name=\"form_fields[field_c168eb1][]\"> <label for=\"form-field-field_c168eb1-13\">Components Sourcing<\/label><\/span><span class=\"elementor-field-option\"><input type=\"checkbox\" value=\"Other\" id=\"form-field-field_c168eb1-14\" name=\"form_fields[field_c168eb1][]\"> <label for=\"form-field-field_c168eb1-14\">Other<\/label><\/span><\/div>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-field-type-upload elementor-field-group elementor-column elementor-field-group-field_2cea676 elementor-col-100\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<label for=\"form-field-field_2cea676\" class=\"elementor-field-label\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\tUpload Your Files (Optional)\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/label>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<input type=\"file\" name=\"form_fields[field_2cea676]\" id=\"form-field-field_2cea676\" class=\"elementor-field elementor-size-sm  elementor-upload-field\">\n\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-field-type-textarea elementor-field-group elementor-column elementor-field-group-field_9ceb2c8 elementor-col-100\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<label for=\"form-field-field_9ceb2c8\" class=\"elementor-field-label\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\tMessage\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/label>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<textarea class=\"elementor-field-textual elementor-field  elementor-size-sm\" name=\"form_fields[field_9ceb2c8]\" id=\"form-field-field_9ceb2c8\" rows=\"4\"><\/textarea>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-field-group elementor-column elementor-field-type-submit elementor-col-100 e-form__buttons\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<button class=\"elementor-button elementor-size-sm\" type=\"submit\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-button-content-wrapper\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-button-text\">Submit<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/button>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/form>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-33 elementor-inner-column elementor-element elementor-element-123957a9\" data-id=\"123957a9\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Table of Contents As an engineer or electronics designer, you probably have used diodes in a practical way in just about every circuit. They form one of the most integral components of modern electronics today. Unlike any other electrical component, diodes can also be damaged, and you may realize that your diode is defective when [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":18,"featured_media":14873,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[44],"tags":[236,126],"class_list":["post-14872","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-blog","tag-electronic-components","tag-pcb-material"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.elepcb.com\/hu\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/14872","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.elepcb.com\/hu\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.elepcb.com\/hu\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.elepcb.com\/hu\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/18"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.elepcb.com\/hu\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=14872"}],"version-history":[{"count":99,"href":"https:\/\/www.elepcb.com\/hu\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/14872\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":19489,"href":"https:\/\/www.elepcb.com\/hu\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/14872\/revisions\/19489"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.elepcb.com\/hu\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/14873"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.elepcb.com\/hu\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=14872"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.elepcb.com\/hu\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=14872"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.elepcb.com\/hu\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=14872"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}