{"id":19572,"date":"2025-04-17T14:21:28","date_gmt":"2025-04-17T06:21:28","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.elepcb.com\/?p=19572"},"modified":"2025-04-17T14:35:04","modified_gmt":"2025-04-17T06:35:04","slug":"annular-ring-pcb-design","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.elepcb.com\/hu\/blog\/pcb-knowledge\/annular-ring-pcb-design\/","title":{"rendered":"\u00datmutat\u00f3 a gy\u0171r\u0171s gy\u0171r\u0171s PCB tervez\u00e9shez"},"content":{"rendered":"\t\t<div data-elementor-type=\"wp-post\" data-elementor-id=\"19572\" class=\"elementor elementor-19572\" data-elementor-post-type=\"post\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-32b3fbfb elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"32b3fbfb\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\" data-settings=\"{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-409b748a\" data-id=\"409b748a\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-7960052c elementor-toc--minimized-on-tablet elementor-widget elementor-widget-table-of-contents\" data-id=\"7960052c\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-settings=\"{&quot;exclude_headings_by_selector&quot;:[],&quot;headings_by_tags&quot;:[&quot;h2&quot;,&quot;h3&quot;],&quot;no_headings_message&quot;:&quot;No headings were found on this page.&quot;,&quot;marker_view&quot;:&quot;numbers&quot;,&quot;minimize_box&quot;:&quot;yes&quot;,&quot;minimized_on&quot;:&quot;tablet&quot;,&quot;hierarchical_view&quot;:&quot;yes&quot;,&quot;min_height&quot;:{&quot;unit&quot;:&quot;px&quot;,&quot;size&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;sizes&quot;:[]},&quot;min_height_tablet&quot;:{&quot;unit&quot;:&quot;px&quot;,&quot;size&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;sizes&quot;:[]},&quot;min_height_mobile&quot;:{&quot;unit&quot;:&quot;px&quot;,&quot;size&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;sizes&quot;:[]}}\" data-widget_type=\"table-of-contents.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-toc__header\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<h4 class=\"elementor-toc__header-title\">\n\t\t\t\tTable of Contents\t\t\t<\/h4>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-toc__toggle-button elementor-toc__toggle-button--expand\" role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" aria-controls=\"elementor-toc__7960052c\" aria-expanded=\"true\" aria-label=\"Open table of contents\"><i aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"fas fa-chevron-down\"><\/i><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-toc__toggle-button elementor-toc__toggle-button--collapse\" role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" aria-controls=\"elementor-toc__7960052c\" aria-expanded=\"true\" aria-label=\"Close table of contents\"><i aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"fas fa-chevron-up\"><\/i><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-toc__7960052c\" class=\"elementor-toc__body\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-toc__spinner-container\">\n\t\t\t\t<i class=\"elementor-toc__spinner eicon-animation-spin eicon-loading\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/i>\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-7382985f elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"7382985f\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div data-page-id=\"K5cQdPyqAoIVz9xiCVzcrjK4n2e\" data-lark-html-role=\"root\" data-docx-has-block-data=\"false\"><div data-page-id=\"K5cQdPyqAoIVz9xiCVzcrjK4n2e\" data-lark-html-role=\"root\" data-docx-has-block-data=\"false\"><div><div data-page-id=\"ZzVndCoYjoIIzhx50mjcQDcLnue\" data-lark-html-role=\"root\" data-docx-has-block-data=\"false\"><div><div data-page-id=\"SKC7dw5mIo9QKNxSgwPcggXAnRh\" data-lark-html-role=\"root\" data-docx-has-block-data=\"false\"><div><div data-page-id=\"BaAqdv8UmonE8ZxHyouc2xGbn6c\" data-lark-html-role=\"root\" data-docx-has-block-data=\"false\"><div class=\"ace-line ace-line old-record-id-Dr1edNdemonXW8xAUfpcwbIBnZf\"><div data-page-id=\"KUSZdc0XfoCywrxFxffceLSFngg\" data-lark-html-role=\"root\" data-docx-has-block-data=\"false\"><div class=\"ace-line ace-line old-record-id-VRt9dVjDfol82rxbjuScmMiAnMc\">An important part of <a href=\"https:\/\/www.elepcb.com\/pcb-layout-design-process-and-guidelines\/\" data-lark-is-custom=\"true\">PCB design<\/a> is the <strong>PCB annular ring, or annular ring<\/strong>. It forms a very critical <a href=\"https:\/\/www.elepcb.com\/blog\/pcb-components-sourcing\/\" data-lark-is-custom=\"true\">component<\/a> towards achieving effective electrical connections, especially in multi-layer PCBs with plated <a href=\"https:\/\/www.elepcb.com\/blog\/what-is-through-hole-pcb\/\" data-lark-is-custom=\"true\">through-holes<\/a> (PTH).<\/div><div class=\"ace-line ace-line old-record-id-RISOdzJDLoOIL8xfWToci8vGn1e\">In this article, <a href=\"https:\/\/www.elepcb.com\/\" data-lark-is-custom=\"true\">ELEPCB<\/a> will explore the <span style=\"color: #2ea121;\"><strong>significance of the <\/strong><\/span><span style=\"color: #2ea121;\"><strong>PCB<\/strong><\/span><span style=\"color: #2ea121;\"><strong> annular ring<\/strong><\/span>, how it is related to <span style=\"color: #2ea121;\"><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/www.elepcb.com\/blog\/pcb-via-a-complete-guide\/\" data-lark-is-custom=\"true\">via<\/a><\/strong><\/span><span style=\"color: #2ea121;\"><strong> design<\/strong><\/span>, and the impact of hole-to-annular ring ratio on <a href=\"https:\/\/www.elepcb.com\/pcb-quality-control\/\" data-lark-is-custom=\"true\">PCB quality<\/a>. We will also contrast vias with annular rings and answer common questions regarding this topic.<\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-3caa8c75 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"3caa8c75\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-7dbd80c\" data-id=\"7dbd80c\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-364f21e8 elementor-widget elementor-widget-spacer\" data-id=\"364f21e8\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"spacer.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-spacer\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-spacer-inner\"><\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-f71883f elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"f71883f\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-1d23ef25\" data-id=\"1d23ef25\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-15d8c34e elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"15d8c34e\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\"><b>What is a PCB Annular Ring?<\/b><\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-6b8463a elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"6b8463a\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-9de2487\" data-id=\"9de2487\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-e0925ea elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"e0925ea\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div data-page-id=\"KUSZdc0XfoCywrxFxffceLSFngg\" data-lark-html-role=\"root\" data-docx-has-block-data=\"false\"><div class=\"ace-line ace-line old-record-id-K6d5dUeG8oAgu6xMhAdclQdNn1g\">The <strong>copper area surrounding a drilled hole or via<\/strong> is known as the PCB annular ring. It provides electrical and <a href=\"https:\/\/www.elepcb.com\/blog\/pcb-knowledge\/mechanical-stress-in-pcb-coating\/\" data-lark-is-custom=\"true\">mechanical<\/a> stability while preserving interlayer connections. The distance between the pad&#8217;s outer edge and the drilled hole&#8217;s edge is the annular ring width.\u00a0<span style=\"font-size: 1rem;\">An excellent electrical connection between <\/span><a style=\"background-color: #ffffff; font-size: 1rem;\" href=\"https:\/\/www.elepcb.com\/blog\/pcb-layers\/\" data-lark-is-custom=\"true\">PCB layers<\/a><span style=\"font-size: 1rem;\"> is made possible by a well-designed annular ring. Allowing <\/span><a style=\"background-color: #ffffff; font-size: 1rem;\" href=\"https:\/\/www.elepcb.com\/pcb-manufacturing-process-and-services\/\" data-lark-is-custom=\"true\">manufacturing<\/a><span style=\"font-size: 1rem;\"> flaws like<\/span><span style=\"font-size: 1rem; color: #2ea121;\"><strong> breakouts, thin rings, or misaligned holes<\/strong><\/span><span style=\"font-size: 1rem;\"> is beneficial.<\/span><\/div><\/div>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-6790e38 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"6790e38\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-bd979b2\" data-id=\"bd979b2\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-9bf4c0f elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"9bf4c0f\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img fetchpriority=\"high\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"220\" height=\"300\" src=\"https:\/\/www.elepcb.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/04\/pcb-annular-ring-pad-and-size-220x300.jpg\" class=\"attachment-medium size-medium wp-image-19586\" alt=\"pcb annular ring pad and size\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.elepcb.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/04\/pcb-annular-ring-pad-and-size-220x300.jpg 220w, https:\/\/www.elepcb.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/04\/pcb-annular-ring-pad-and-size-750x1024.jpg 750w, https:\/\/www.elepcb.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/04\/pcb-annular-ring-pad-and-size.jpg 768w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 220px) 100vw, 220px\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-7e3beb6 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"7e3beb6\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-3faa394\" data-id=\"3faa394\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-c0a64f6 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"c0a64f6\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h3 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\"><b>Traditional Area of Annulus Formula<\/b><\/h3>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-68eab9a elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"68eab9a\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-2fcc73c\" data-id=\"2fcc73c\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-7a25ebb elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"7a25ebb\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img decoding=\"async\" width=\"143\" height=\"22\" src=\"https:\/\/www.elepcb.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/04\/pcb-annular-ring-formula-3.png\" class=\"attachment-large size-large wp-image-19575\" alt=\"pcb annular ring formula 3\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-3bdba45 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"3bdba45\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-1d5b4a2\" data-id=\"1d5b4a2\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-6a35629 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"6a35629\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div data-page-id=\"KUSZdc0XfoCywrxFxffceLSFngg\" data-lark-html-role=\"root\" data-docx-has-block-data=\"false\"><div class=\"ace-line ace-line old-record-id-K6d5dUeG8oAgu6xMhAdclQdNn1g\"><div data-page-id=\"KUSZdc0XfoCywrxFxffceLSFngg\" data-lark-html-role=\"root\" data-docx-has-block-data=\"false\"><div class=\"ace-line ace-line old-record-id-GmyXdUQ2LotN8RxyXpgcstbLn7d\">It fails to address thermo-mechanical stress in high-density interconnects.<\/div><div class=\"ace-line ace-line old-record-id-HiF1d5rPbobZVxxZ5gzcdN76n8e\">Copper&#8217;s CTE (16.8 ppm\/\u2103) requires a compensation factor \ud835\udc3e = 1.12 according to the IPC-6012E <a href=\"https:\/\/www.elepcb.com\/blog\/pcb-knowledge\/pcb-standard\/\" data-lark-is-custom=\"true\">standard<\/a>, which recalculates the minimum annular ring width as follows:<\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-ba1d8a1 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"ba1d8a1\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-e19d6d0\" data-id=\"e19d6d0\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-3322681 elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"3322681\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img decoding=\"async\" width=\"218\" height=\"39\" src=\"https:\/\/www.elepcb.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/04\/pcb-annular-ring-formula-2.png\" class=\"attachment-large size-large wp-image-19576\" alt=\"pcb annular ring formula 2\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-5d599c4 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"5d599c4\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-390012b\" data-id=\"390012b\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-95c47be elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"95c47be\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h3 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\"><b>How to Calculate an Annular Ring?<\/b><\/h3>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-213f20a elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"213f20a\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-ec6c756\" data-id=\"ec6c756\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-2b5281c elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"2b5281c\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div data-page-id=\"KUSZdc0XfoCywrxFxffceLSFngg\" data-lark-html-role=\"root\" data-docx-has-block-data=\"false\"><div class=\"ace-line ace-line old-record-id-K6d5dUeG8oAgu6xMhAdclQdNn1g\"><div data-page-id=\"KUSZdc0XfoCywrxFxffceLSFngg\" data-lark-html-role=\"root\" data-docx-has-block-data=\"false\"><div class=\"ace-line ace-line old-record-id-GmyXdUQ2LotN8RxyXpgcstbLn7d\">The formula for &#8220;Annular ring width&#8221; is:<\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-c32c6b9 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"c32c6b9\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-05ab95c\" data-id=\"05ab95c\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-218957b elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"218957b\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"606\" height=\"65\" src=\"https:\/\/www.elepcb.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/04\/pcb-annular-ring-formula-5.png\" class=\"attachment-large size-large wp-image-19588\" alt=\"pcb annular ring formula 5\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.elepcb.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/04\/pcb-annular-ring-formula-5.png 606w, https:\/\/www.elepcb.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/04\/pcb-annular-ring-formula-5-300x32.png 300w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 606px) 100vw, 606px\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-ee68021 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"ee68021\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-3dd120b\" data-id=\"3dd120b\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-169e458 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"169e458\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div data-page-id=\"KUSZdc0XfoCywrxFxffceLSFngg\" data-lark-html-role=\"root\" data-docx-has-block-data=\"false\"><div class=\"ace-line ace-line old-record-id-K6d5dUeG8oAgu6xMhAdclQdNn1g\"><div data-page-id=\"KUSZdc0XfoCywrxFxffceLSFngg\" data-lark-html-role=\"root\" data-docx-has-block-data=\"false\"><div class=\"ace-line ace-line old-record-id-GmyXdUQ2LotN8RxyXpgcstbLn7d\"><div data-page-id=\"KUSZdc0XfoCywrxFxffceLSFngg\" data-lark-html-role=\"root\" data-docx-has-block-data=\"false\"><div class=\"ace-line ace-line old-record-id-IwtfdZcp7o3JL0xGN1icBnhonAg\">Make sure the via hole is drilled in the middle of the pad to precisely determine the annular ring width and keep the <a href=\"https:\/\/www.elepcb.com\/blog\/heavy-copper-pcb\/\" data-lark-is-custom=\"true\">copper<\/a> from touching the pad&#8217;s edge.<\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-c7e9250 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"c7e9250\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-ad8a40c\" data-id=\"ad8a40c\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-d066eb7 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"d066eb7\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h3 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\"><b>Significance of Annular Rings in PCBs<\/b><\/h3>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-c874017 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"c874017\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-04d320d\" data-id=\"04d320d\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-63a253f elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"63a253f\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div data-page-id=\"KUSZdc0XfoCywrxFxffceLSFngg\" data-lark-html-role=\"root\" data-docx-has-block-data=\"false\"><ul class=\"list-bullet1\"><li class=\"ace-line ace-line old-record-id-NvxcdDV8moaAhfxDKBJcdMqVnWe\" data-list=\"bullet\"><div><strong>Electrical Integrity:<\/strong> An adequate annular ring provides consistent electrical connections between layers.<\/div><\/li><li class=\"ace-line ace-line old-record-id-T0QHdIT3aoUDWIx2uZKcJgDynUe\" data-list=\"bullet\"><div>The PCB maker can take <a href=\"https:\/\/www.elepcb.com\/blog\/ins-and-out-of-pcb-drilling-revealed\/\" data-lark-is-custom=\"true\">drilling<\/a> misalignment into account thanks to the manufacturing tolerance.<\/div><\/li><li class=\"ace-line ace-line old-record-id-L86BdaZMUoIvQuxfLuYcm8Mgn5c\" data-list=\"bullet\"><div><strong>Mechanical Strength:<\/strong> Assists in securing <strong><a href=\"https:\/\/www.elepcb.com\/blog\/what-is-pcb-via-in-pad\/\"  data-wpil-monitor-id=\"628\">vias and avoids problems like<span style=\"color: #d83931;\"> pad<\/a> lifting or breakage<\/strong><\/span>.<\/div><\/li><li class=\"ace-line ace-line old-record-id-INTddLgPVosaqHxt49gc3tARnuo\" data-list=\"bullet\"><div><strong>Secure <\/strong><strong>Soldering<\/strong><strong>:<\/strong> Offers secure <a href=\"https:\/\/www.elepcb.com\/blog\/soldering-defects\/\" data-lark-is-custom=\"true\">soldering<\/a> for vias and component leads.<\/div><\/li><\/ul><\/div>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-2e640ba elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"2e640ba\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-6e9d484\" data-id=\"6e9d484\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-fc4bae6 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"fc4bae6\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\"><b>PCB Annular Ring Ratio<\/b><\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-ce04a98 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"ce04a98\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-644e97e\" data-id=\"644e97e\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-182a20b elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"182a20b\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div data-page-id=\"KUSZdc0XfoCywrxFxffceLSFngg\" data-lark-html-role=\"root\" data-docx-has-block-data=\"false\"><div class=\"ace-line ace-line old-record-id-QtBjduEM2oL8b9x1SVhcS8aDnKc\">One of the most important points to be considered in PCB design is finding the correct hole-to-annular ring ratio. The PCB&#8217;s mechanical and electrical integrity is guaranteed by this ratio.<\/div><\/div>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-24d823ee elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"24d823ee\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-641edae8\" data-id=\"641edae8\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-inner-section elementor-element elementor-element-6705c27c elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"6705c27c\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-50 elementor-inner-column elementor-element elementor-element-5c777131\" data-id=\"5c777131\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-fa00a9b elementor-widget__width-initial elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"fa00a9b\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div data-page-id=\"ZzVndCoYjoIIzhx50mjcQDcLnue\" data-lark-html-role=\"root\" data-docx-has-block-data=\"false\"><h3 style=\"text-align: left;\"><strong>Annular Ring Ratio Formular<\/strong><\/h3><div data-page-id=\"SKC7dw5mIo9QKNxSgwPcggXAnRh\" data-lark-html-role=\"root\" data-docx-has-block-data=\"false\"><div data-page-id=\"BaAqdv8UmonE8ZxHyouc2xGbn6c\" data-lark-html-role=\"root\" data-docx-has-block-data=\"false\"><div data-page-id=\"D0D7d0KzCoy2Vvx6MvycmCiBnWc\" data-lark-html-role=\"root\" data-docx-has-block-data=\"false\"><div><div data-page-id=\"KUSZdc0XfoCywrxFxffceLSFngg\" data-lark-html-role=\"root\" data-docx-has-block-data=\"false\"><div class=\"ace-line ace-line old-record-id-DANedPIhToPJ9gx3le6cElPynzR\">Ratio(%) = (Annular ring size \/ Annular ring pad size) \u00d7 100 %<\/div><div class=\"ace-line ace-line old-record-id-AM7AdBTkZoXYPvxxkM4cik2bnPc\">The purpose is to ensure that the copper layer between the hole wall and the pad is thick enough to avoid breakage or <a href=\"https:\/\/www.elepcb.com\/blog\/pcb-short-circuit\/\" data-lark-is-custom=\"true\">short circuits<\/a> due to drilling deviations. For example, if the hole diameter is <strong>0.3 mm<\/strong>, the copper ring width needs to be <strong>at least 0.1 mm<\/strong> and the hole-to-ring ratio<strong> needs to be \u2265 33%<\/strong>.<\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-50 elementor-inner-column elementor-element elementor-element-3b126196\" data-id=\"3b126196\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-28c808a8 elementor-widget__width-initial elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"28c808a8\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div data-page-id=\"ZzVndCoYjoIIzhx50mjcQDcLnue\" data-lark-html-role=\"root\" data-docx-has-block-data=\"false\"><h3><strong>Small Hole-to-Annular-Ring Ratio<\/strong><\/h3><div data-page-id=\"SKC7dw5mIo9QKNxSgwPcggXAnRh\" data-lark-html-role=\"root\" data-docx-has-block-data=\"false\"><div style=\"text-align: left;\"><div data-page-id=\"BaAqdv8UmonE8ZxHyouc2xGbn6c\" data-lark-html-role=\"root\" data-docx-has-block-data=\"false\"><div data-page-id=\"BaAqdv8UmonE8ZxHyouc2xGbn6c\" data-lark-html-role=\"root\" data-docx-has-block-data=\"false\"><div data-page-id=\"BaAqdv8UmonE8ZxHyouc2xGbn6c\" data-lark-html-role=\"root\" data-docx-has-block-data=\"false\"><div class=\"ace-line ace-line old-record-id-LF4KdYyBfo2koFxmCauciodZnRh\"><div data-page-id=\"D0D7d0KzCoy2Vvx6MvycmCiBnWc\" data-lark-html-role=\"root\" data-docx-has-block-data=\"false\"><div data-page-id=\"KUSZdc0XfoCywrxFxffceLSFngg\" data-lark-html-role=\"root\" data-docx-has-block-data=\"false\"><div class=\"ace-line ace-line old-record-id-F5QAdRrhjorfGjx6hubcZohcn9c\">When the hole-to-annular-ring ratio is too small, possible problems are:<\/div><ul class=\"list-bullet1\"><li class=\"ace-line ace-line old-record-id-HtdBdrekho174dxP8pxcWUw0nPN\" data-list=\"bullet\"><div><strong>Weak connections: <\/strong>Smaller electrical contact area.<\/div><\/li><li class=\"ace-line ace-line old-record-id-Q4hHdQ8O3oBriKxXy8kccn0qnNe\" data-list=\"bullet\"><div><strong>Manufacturing defects:<\/strong> Drill holes misaligned may penetrate the annular ring.<\/div><\/li><li class=\"ace-line ace-line old-record-id-CfATd7yE7obOcFxKH9TcfhSGn3b\" data-list=\"bullet\"><div><strong>Higher <\/strong><strong>failure rate<\/strong><strong>:<\/strong> PCB failure is highly probable due to mechanical stress or <a href=\"https:\/\/www.elepcb.com\/blog\/pcb-thermal-management\/\" data-lark-is-custom=\"true\">thermal<\/a> cycling.<\/div><\/li><\/ul><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-328f1d6 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"328f1d6\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-d86e73c\" data-id=\"d86e73c\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-inner-section elementor-element elementor-element-6442651 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"6442651\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-50 elementor-inner-column elementor-element elementor-element-8143487\" data-id=\"8143487\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-4212794 elementor-widget__width-initial elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"4212794\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div data-page-id=\"ZzVndCoYjoIIzhx50mjcQDcLnue\" data-lark-html-role=\"root\" data-docx-has-block-data=\"false\"><h3 style=\"text-align: left;\"><strong>Recommended Annular Ring Sizes<\/strong><\/h3><div data-page-id=\"SKC7dw5mIo9QKNxSgwPcggXAnRh\" data-lark-html-role=\"root\" data-docx-has-block-data=\"false\"><div data-page-id=\"BaAqdv8UmonE8ZxHyouc2xGbn6c\" data-lark-html-role=\"root\" data-docx-has-block-data=\"false\"><div data-page-id=\"D0D7d0KzCoy2Vvx6MvycmCiBnWc\" data-lark-html-role=\"root\" data-docx-has-block-data=\"false\"><div data-page-id=\"KUSZdc0XfoCywrxFxffceLSFngg\" data-lark-html-role=\"root\" data-docx-has-block-data=\"false\"><div class=\"ace-line ace-line old-record-id-DANedPIhToPJ9gx3le6cElPynzR\"><div data-page-id=\"KUSZdc0XfoCywrxFxffceLSFngg\" data-lark-html-role=\"root\" data-docx-has-block-data=\"false\"><div class=\"ace-line ace-line old-record-id-ZuYidAoXbobRK1xBmiEcB8f3n5e\">Various PCB manufacturers have their own tolerances, but common recommendations are:<\/div><ul class=\"list-bullet1\"><li class=\"ace-line ace-line old-record-id-NZ0DdKUKIomkCTxXl7tcFE9Lnoh\" data-list=\"bullet\"><div><strong>Standard Annular Ring:<\/strong> It has a size of Minimum 0.1 mm (4 mils) per side.<\/div><\/li><li class=\"ace-line ace-line old-record-id-ETOEdLaFFook23xTeeyc9L0UnWf\" data-list=\"bullet\"><div><strong>Advanced PCBs:<\/strong> It needs a minimum size of 0.15 mm (6 mils) to be reliable.<\/div><\/li><li class=\"ace-line ace-line old-record-id-SmX0dP8qJoVCQ6xYGADcglrWngh\" data-list=\"bullet\"><div><strong>High-Density Interconnect (<\/strong><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/www.elepcb.com\/pcb-products\/hdi-pcb\/\" data-lark-is-custom=\"true\">HDI<\/a><\/strong><strong>) PCBs:<\/strong> It can employ micro vias with annular rings as small as 0.05 mm (2 mils).<\/div><\/li><\/ul><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-50 elementor-inner-column elementor-element elementor-element-9c601ab\" data-id=\"9c601ab\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-9417989 elementor-widget__width-initial elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"9417989\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div data-page-id=\"ZzVndCoYjoIIzhx50mjcQDcLnue\" data-lark-html-role=\"root\" data-docx-has-block-data=\"false\"><h3><strong>Design &amp; Process requirements<\/strong><\/h3><div data-page-id=\"SKC7dw5mIo9QKNxSgwPcggXAnRh\" data-lark-html-role=\"root\" data-docx-has-block-data=\"false\"><div style=\"text-align: left;\"><div data-page-id=\"BaAqdv8UmonE8ZxHyouc2xGbn6c\" data-lark-html-role=\"root\" data-docx-has-block-data=\"false\"><div data-page-id=\"BaAqdv8UmonE8ZxHyouc2xGbn6c\" data-lark-html-role=\"root\" data-docx-has-block-data=\"false\"><div data-page-id=\"BaAqdv8UmonE8ZxHyouc2xGbn6c\" data-lark-html-role=\"root\" data-docx-has-block-data=\"false\"><div class=\"ace-line ace-line old-record-id-LF4KdYyBfo2koFxmCauciodZnRh\"><div data-page-id=\"D0D7d0KzCoy2Vvx6MvycmCiBnWc\" data-lark-html-role=\"root\" data-docx-has-block-data=\"false\"><div data-page-id=\"KUSZdc0XfoCywrxFxffceLSFngg\" data-lark-html-role=\"root\" data-docx-has-block-data=\"false\"><div><div data-page-id=\"KUSZdc0XfoCywrxFxffceLSFngg\" data-lark-html-role=\"root\" data-docx-has-block-data=\"false\"><div class=\"ace-line ace-line old-record-id-PEszdzheIo9Lgjx3kuxcP4zdnNV\"><strong>Minimum copper ring width: <\/strong>Typically<strong> \u2265 0.05 mm<\/strong> (for common <a href=\"https:\/\/www.elepcb.com\/applications\/\" data-lark-is-custom=\"true\">applications<\/a>) or \u2265 0.075 mm (<a href=\"https:\/\/www.elepcb.com\/blog\/high-frequency-pcb\/\" data-lark-is-custom=\"true\">high frequency<\/a>\/high reliability scenarios).<\/div><div class=\"ace-line ace-line old-record-id-QPBJdwRbPov5bGxhdtscddCynDf\"><strong>Checking: <\/strong>Design software such as Altium supports checking the hole-to-ring ratio by<strong> \u2018thickness\u2019 <\/strong>or<strong> \u2018ratio\u2019<\/strong>, e.g. setting a minimum ratio of 20% to pass <a href=\"https:\/\/www.elepcb.com\/blog\/what-is-pcb-dfm-check\/\" data-lark-is-custom=\"true\">DFM<\/a> (Design for Manufacturing) verification.<\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-a48a165 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"a48a165\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-ae25ae7\" data-id=\"ae25ae7\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-577c5f7 elementor-widget elementor-widget-spacer\" data-id=\"577c5f7\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"spacer.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-spacer\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-spacer-inner\"><\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-b6e0122 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"b6e0122\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-05d1b70\" data-id=\"05d1b70\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-b8049a1 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"b8049a1\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\"><b>Via vs. Annular Ring in PCB Design<\/b><\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-f6aa844 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"f6aa844\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-d062992\" data-id=\"d062992\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-1bbf1fe elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"1bbf1fe\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"300\" height=\"273\" src=\"https:\/\/www.elepcb.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/04\/annular-ring-pcb-300x273.jpg\" class=\"attachment-medium size-medium wp-image-19584\" alt=\"annular ring pcb\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.elepcb.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/04\/annular-ring-pcb-300x273.jpg 300w, https:\/\/www.elepcb.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/04\/annular-ring-pcb-1024x931.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/www.elepcb.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/04\/annular-ring-pcb-768x698.jpg 768w, https:\/\/www.elepcb.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/04\/annular-ring-pcb-1536x1396.jpg 1536w, https:\/\/www.elepcb.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/04\/annular-ring-pcb.jpg 1937w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 300px) 100vw, 300px\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-e837dff elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"e837dff\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-2708ad3\" data-id=\"2708ad3\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-c9cfb73 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"c9cfb73\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div data-page-id=\"KUSZdc0XfoCywrxFxffceLSFngg\" data-lark-html-role=\"root\" data-docx-has-block-data=\"false\"><div class=\"ace-line ace-line old-record-id-UMWOdSxTEo3oq0xz0QyczyfAnjh\">Several PCB designers treat the terms via and annular ring as synonymous, but they have different functions.<\/div><div class=\"ace-line ace-line old-record-id-NqfDduCVloLMp6xOdVYcr8MJn2f\">A via is a plated-through hole to enable electrical signals to travel from one <a href=\"https:\/\/www.elepcb.com\/blog\/pcb-knowledge\/4-layer-pcb-stack-up\/\"  data-wpil-monitor-id=\"627\">PCB layer<\/a> to another. Vias don&#8217;t contain components<strong> but are used as interconnects<\/strong>.<\/div><\/div>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-03962f7 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"03962f7\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-ac7114c\" data-id=\"ac7114c\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-ceb10f3 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"ceb10f3\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h3 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\"><b>The Relationship Between Annular Rings and Vias<\/b><\/h3>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-f6b1764 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"f6b1764\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-1e07787\" data-id=\"1e07787\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-ea916f5 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"ea916f5\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>An annular ring is required for secure communication with vias. The circular ring guarantees conductivity between the copper layers for every form of via.In PCBs, three main kinds of vias are utilized:<\/p><div data-page-id=\"KUSZdc0XfoCywrxFxffceLSFngg\" data-lark-html-role=\"root\" data-docx-has-block-data=\"false\"><div class=\"ace-line ace-line old-record-id-JVdQdOc8dota32xJjrncPta3nXb\"><strong>Through-Hole<\/strong><strong> Via:<\/strong><span style=\"color: #2ea121;\"> All<\/span> PCB layers are drilled through.<\/div><div class=\"ace-line ace-line old-record-id-CuXXdxkLmofzuCxcYU8cSB3bnnh\"><strong>Blind Via:<\/strong> This method joins an <span style=\"color: #2ea121;\">outer and inner <\/span>layer <span style=\"color: #2ea121;\">without passing through the <\/span><span style=\"color: #2ea121;\">PCB<\/span><span style=\"color: #2ea121;\"> as a whole<\/span>.<\/div><div class=\"ace-line ace-line old-record-id-DCDQdNcExoFndFxJAYGcDDi8nDc\"><strong>Buried Via:<\/strong> Only connects layers<span style=\"color: #2ea121;\"> inside<\/span>.<\/div><\/div>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-f3b633e elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"f3b633e\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-61b162f\" data-id=\"61b162f\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-957db60 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"957db60\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h3 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\"><b>Via Design and Annular Ring Considerations<\/b><\/h3>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-4e2dd95 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"4e2dd95\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-c3d1cec\" data-id=\"c3d1cec\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-65979fe elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"65979fe\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p><span data-lark-record-data=\"{&quot;isCut&quot;:false,&quot;rootId&quot;:&quot;KUSZdc0XfoCywrxFxffceLSFngg&quot;,&quot;parentId&quot;:&quot;KUSZdc0XfoCywrxFxffceLSFngg&quot;,&quot;blockIds&quot;:[115,116,117],&quot;recordIds&quot;:[&quot;IPn9dQCXTo0K2MxSBH7cIFxMnrg&quot;,&quot;H33AdE8jwoubhmx2v1GcEL12nyc&quot;,&quot;OfNtdQzuso6FxDxkeVJcsdmCnyg&quot;],&quot;recordMap&quot;:{&quot;IPn9dQCXTo0K2MxSBH7cIFxMnrg&quot;:{&quot;id&quot;:&quot;IPn9dQCXTo0K2MxSBH7cIFxMnrg&quot;,&quot;snapshot&quot;:{&quot;type&quot;:&quot;bullet&quot;,&quot;parent_id&quot;:&quot;KUSZdc0XfoCywrxFxffceLSFngg&quot;,&quot;comments&quot;:[],&quot;revisions&quot;:[],&quot;locked&quot;:false,&quot;hidden&quot;:false,&quot;author&quot;:&quot;7423575385186172931&quot;,&quot;children&quot;:[],&quot;text&quot;:{&quot;initialAttributedTexts&quot;:{&quot;text&quot;:{&quot;0&quot;:&quot;Larger annular rings improve reliability in high-vibration environments.&quot;},&quot;attribs&quot;:{&quot;0&quot;:&quot;*0+20&quot;}},&quot;apool&quot;:{&quot;numToAttrib&quot;:{&quot;0&quot;:[&quot;author&quot;,&quot;7423575385186172931&quot;]},&quot;nextNum&quot;:1}},&quot;align&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;folded&quot;:false}},&quot;H33AdE8jwoubhmx2v1GcEL12nyc&quot;:{&quot;id&quot;:&quot;H33AdE8jwoubhmx2v1GcEL12nyc&quot;,&quot;snapshot&quot;:{&quot;type&quot;:&quot;bullet&quot;,&quot;parent_id&quot;:&quot;KUSZdc0XfoCywrxFxffceLSFngg&quot;,&quot;comments&quot;:[],&quot;revisions&quot;:[],&quot;locked&quot;:false,&quot;hidden&quot;:false,&quot;author&quot;:&quot;7423575385186172931&quot;,&quot;children&quot;:[],&quot;text&quot;:{&quot;apool&quot;:{&quot;nextNum&quot;:1,&quot;numToAttrib&quot;:{&quot;0&quot;:[&quot;author&quot;,&quot;7423575385186172931&quot;]}},&quot;initialAttributedTexts&quot;:{&quot;attribs&quot;:{&quot;0&quot;:&quot;*0+2a&quot;},&quot;text&quot;:{&quot;0&quot;:&quot;Micro vias use smaller annular rings but require precise 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Guide to Annular Ring PCB 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data-lark-record-format=\"docx\/record\" class=\"lark-record-clipboard\"><\/span><\/p><div data-page-id=\"KUSZdc0XfoCywrxFxffceLSFngg\" data-lark-html-role=\"root\" data-docx-has-block-data=\"false\"><ul start=\"1\" class=\"list-bullet1\"><li class=\"ace-line ace-line old-record-id-IPn9dQCXTo0K2MxSBH7cIFxMnrg\" data-list=\"bullet\"><div>Larger annular rings improve reliability in high-vibration environments.<\/div><\/li><li class=\"ace-line ace-line old-record-id-H33AdE8jwoubhmx2v1GcEL12nyc\" data-list=\"bullet\"><div>Micro vias use smaller annular rings but require precise manufacturing techniques.<\/div><\/li><li class=\"ace-line ace-line old-record-id-OfNtdQzuso6FxDxkeVJcsdmCnyg\" data-list=\"bullet\"><div>Drill hole accuracy affects annular ring formation, so designers must consider manufacturing tolerances.<\/div><\/li><\/ul><\/div>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-bf750e0 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"bf750e0\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-e5abdb0\" data-id=\"e5abdb0\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-cea7ff2 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"cea7ff2\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h3 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\"><b>Best Practices for Designing PCB Annular Rings<\/b><\/h3>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-79fe4d8c elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"79fe4d8c\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-33 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-596de412\" data-id=\"596de412\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-49a328fa elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"49a328fa\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h4 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\"><b>Step 1: <br>Follow Manufacturing Guidelines<\/b><\/h4>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-33 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-77091f68\" data-id=\"77091f68\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-af13091 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"af13091\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h4 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\"><b>Step 2: <br>Make Sure the Ring is the Right Size<\/b><\/h4>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-33 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-67258b9\" data-id=\"67258b9\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-9eec82d elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"9eec82d\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h4 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\"><b>Step 3: <br>Consider Drilling Tolerances <\/b><\/h4>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-37d2d129 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"37d2d129\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-33 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-253fe47f\" data-id=\"253fe47f\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-1a43fd04 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"1a43fd04\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div data-page-id=\"PZA2dXvPzoX0Ijxyx57coFXKn1M\" data-lark-html-role=\"root\" data-docx-has-block-data=\"false\"><div class=\"ace-line ace-line old-record-id-CI1mdtRZWoU2etxsuzCcuA7InAh\"><div data-page-id=\"PZA2dXvPzoX0Ijxyx57coFXKn1M\" data-lark-html-role=\"root\" data-docx-has-block-data=\"false\"><div class=\"ace-line ace-line old-record-id-CI1mdtRZWoU2etxsuzCcuA7InAh\"><div data-page-id=\"KUSZdc0XfoCywrxFxffceLSFngg\" data-lark-html-role=\"root\" data-docx-has-block-data=\"false\"><div class=\"ace-line ace-line old-record-id-EyUtdksyyoBlT7xglMQcyjp2nkf\">Before finishing your design, always confirm the manufacturer&#8217;s minimum annular ring parameters.<\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-33 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-624e585a\" data-id=\"624e585a\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-73fb503a elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"73fb503a\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div data-page-id=\"PZA2dXvPzoX0Ijxyx57coFXKn1M\" data-lark-html-role=\"root\" data-docx-has-block-data=\"false\"><div class=\"ace-line ace-line old-record-id-H0oCdIr4Doop3PxDvTicQ1SUndc\"><div data-page-id=\"PZA2dXvPzoX0Ijxyx57coFXKn1M\" data-lark-html-role=\"root\" data-docx-has-block-data=\"false\"><div class=\"ace-line ace-line old-record-id-H0oCdIr4Doop3PxDvTicQ1SUndc\"><div data-page-id=\"KUSZdc0XfoCywrxFxffceLSFngg\" data-lark-html-role=\"root\" data-docx-has-block-data=\"false\"><div class=\"ace-line ace-line old-record-id-ZsVBdFGU5oEAqRxYIegcpyNbnhg\">For standard designs, having an annular ring width of <strong>at least 0.1 mm (4 mils)<\/strong> is a must.<\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-33 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-1791f602\" data-id=\"1791f602\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-34030b95 elementor-widget__width-initial elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"34030b95\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div data-page-id=\"PZA2dXvPzoX0Ijxyx57coFXKn1M\" data-lark-html-role=\"root\" data-docx-has-block-data=\"false\"><div class=\"ace-line ace-line old-record-id-CpIYdUW3fosYOMxfa9ZcyNoFnHe\"><div data-page-id=\"PZA2dXvPzoX0Ijxyx57coFXKn1M\" data-lark-html-role=\"root\" data-docx-has-block-data=\"false\"><div class=\"ace-line ace-line old-record-id-CpIYdUW3fosYOMxfa9ZcyNoFnHe\"><div data-page-id=\"KUSZdc0XfoCywrxFxffceLSFngg\" data-lark-html-role=\"root\" data-docx-has-block-data=\"false\"><div class=\"ace-line ace-line old-record-id-PUEwd3hRQojZxqxEmCAcN4C1neb\">PCB drills <strong>allow a \u00b10.05 mm <\/strong><strong>tolerance<\/strong>, so design annular rings slightly wider to account for misalignment.<\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-5298efd elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"5298efd\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-33 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-15d5fbd\" data-id=\"15d5fbd\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-4e3b5c1 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"4e3b5c1\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h4 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\"><b>Step 4: <br>Utilize Teardrop Pads for Additional Strength<\/b><\/h4>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-33 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-99b3418\" data-id=\"99b3418\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-797aa35 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"797aa35\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h4 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\"><b>Step 5: <br>Prevent Breakouts<\/b><\/h4>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-33 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-ba0530b\" data-id=\"ba0530b\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-4bed3d1 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"4bed3d1\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h4 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\"><b>Step 6: <br>Optimize for High-Frequency Applications <\/b><\/h4>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-b638e3d elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"b638e3d\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-33 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-3a600fb\" data-id=\"3a600fb\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-eb24b8c elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"eb24b8c\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div data-page-id=\"PZA2dXvPzoX0Ijxyx57coFXKn1M\" data-lark-html-role=\"root\" data-docx-has-block-data=\"false\"><div class=\"ace-line ace-line old-record-id-CI1mdtRZWoU2etxsuzCcuA7InAh\"><div data-page-id=\"PZA2dXvPzoX0Ijxyx57coFXKn1M\" data-lark-html-role=\"root\" data-docx-has-block-data=\"false\"><div class=\"ace-line ace-line old-record-id-CI1mdtRZWoU2etxsuzCcuA7InAh\"><div data-page-id=\"KUSZdc0XfoCywrxFxffceLSFngg\" data-lark-html-role=\"root\" data-docx-has-block-data=\"false\"><div class=\"ace-line ace-line old-record-id-EyUtdksyyoBlT7xglMQcyjp2nkf\"><div data-page-id=\"KUSZdc0XfoCywrxFxffceLSFngg\" data-lark-html-role=\"root\" data-docx-has-block-data=\"false\"><div class=\"ace-line ace-line old-record-id-LwkhdVmWHoADQ9x8XBHcnjx8n6d\">Teardrop pads strengthen annular rings, particularly for <strong>high-stress designs<\/strong>.<\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-33 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-b27546c\" data-id=\"b27546c\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-3e2892c elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"3e2892c\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div data-page-id=\"PZA2dXvPzoX0Ijxyx57coFXKn1M\" data-lark-html-role=\"root\" data-docx-has-block-data=\"false\"><div class=\"ace-line ace-line old-record-id-H0oCdIr4Doop3PxDvTicQ1SUndc\"><div data-page-id=\"PZA2dXvPzoX0Ijxyx57coFXKn1M\" data-lark-html-role=\"root\" data-docx-has-block-data=\"false\"><div class=\"ace-line ace-line old-record-id-H0oCdIr4Doop3PxDvTicQ1SUndc\"><div data-page-id=\"KUSZdc0XfoCywrxFxffceLSFngg\" data-lark-html-role=\"root\" data-docx-has-block-data=\"false\"><div class=\"ace-line ace-line old-record-id-ZsVBdFGU5oEAqRxYIegcpyNbnhg\"><div data-page-id=\"KUSZdc0XfoCywrxFxffceLSFngg\" data-lark-html-role=\"root\" data-docx-has-block-data=\"false\"><div class=\"ace-line ace-line old-record-id-CRjodUo3roRwc7xxdq6coep4nHb\"><div data-page-id=\"KUSZdc0XfoCywrxFxffceLSFngg\" data-lark-html-role=\"root\" data-docx-has-block-data=\"false\"><div class=\"ace-line ace-line old-record-id-CRjodUo3roRwc7xxdq6coep4nHb\">The drill hole<span style=\"color: #d83931;\"><strong> should not be near the pad edge<\/strong><\/span> because, if so, the ring can break and cause connection failure.<\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-33 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-3905d36\" data-id=\"3905d36\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-3b25b67 elementor-widget__width-initial elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"3b25b67\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div data-page-id=\"PZA2dXvPzoX0Ijxyx57coFXKn1M\" data-lark-html-role=\"root\" data-docx-has-block-data=\"false\"><div class=\"ace-line ace-line old-record-id-CpIYdUW3fosYOMxfa9ZcyNoFnHe\"><div data-page-id=\"PZA2dXvPzoX0Ijxyx57coFXKn1M\" data-lark-html-role=\"root\" data-docx-has-block-data=\"false\"><div class=\"ace-line ace-line old-record-id-CpIYdUW3fosYOMxfa9ZcyNoFnHe\"><div data-page-id=\"KUSZdc0XfoCywrxFxffceLSFngg\" data-lark-html-role=\"root\" data-docx-has-block-data=\"false\"><div class=\"ace-line ace-line old-record-id-PUEwd3hRQojZxqxEmCAcN4C1neb\"><div data-page-id=\"KUSZdc0XfoCywrxFxffceLSFngg\" data-lark-html-role=\"root\" data-docx-has-block-data=\"false\"><div class=\"ace-line ace-line old-record-id-UEb3d24TnohKcPxBI5ycE2hqnkf\">For <a href=\"https:\/\/www.elepcb.com\/pcb-products\/rf-pcb\/\" data-lark-is-custom=\"true\">RF<\/a> and high-speed PCBs, reduce annular ring sizes to minimize parasitic capacitance and inductance.<\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-9f63fd6 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"9f63fd6\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-e7b69ec\" data-id=\"e7b69ec\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-aa9da87 elementor-widget elementor-widget-spacer\" data-id=\"aa9da87\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"spacer.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-spacer\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-spacer-inner\"><\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-14d435c2 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"14d435c2\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-3e86c68f\" data-id=\"3e86c68f\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-7d490e16 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"7d490e16\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\"><b>Case Study: From Tangency to Catastrophe<\/b><\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-0a9a943 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"0a9a943\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-7b1660a\" data-id=\"7b1660a\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-c3638e2 elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"c3638e2\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"768\" height=\"601\" src=\"https:\/\/www.elepcb.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/04\/common-issues-of-pcb-annular-rings-768x601.jpg\" class=\"attachment-medium_large size-medium_large wp-image-19585\" alt=\"common issues of pcb annular rings\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.elepcb.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/04\/common-issues-of-pcb-annular-rings-768x601.jpg 768w, https:\/\/www.elepcb.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/04\/common-issues-of-pcb-annular-rings-300x235.jpg 300w, https:\/\/www.elepcb.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/04\/common-issues-of-pcb-annular-rings-1024x801.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/www.elepcb.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/04\/common-issues-of-pcb-annular-rings-1536x1202.jpg 1536w, https:\/\/www.elepcb.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/04\/common-issues-of-pcb-annular-rings-2048x1603.jpg 2048w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 768px) 100vw, 768px\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-aaf4b6e elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"aaf4b6e\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-f89fa7f\" data-id=\"f89fa7f\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-a36706c elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"a36706c\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h3 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\"><b>The Domino Effect of Tangency<\/b><\/h3>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-9c172e0 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"9c172e0\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-a214e33\" data-id=\"a214e33\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-0b9d53e elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"0b9d53e\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div data-page-id=\"KUSZdc0XfoCywrxFxffceLSFngg\" data-lark-html-role=\"root\" data-docx-has-block-data=\"false\"><div class=\"ace-line ace-line old-record-id-IsupdqSbAoH77xxRR8IcIbaXn0b\">When drill wander exceeds<strong> \u00b125\u03bcm <\/strong>(IPC-7095D tolerance), the probability of breakout in<strong> 0.15mm<\/strong> annular rings jumps to <strong>18.7%<\/strong>. An automotive ECU case study showed that <strong>63%<\/strong> of field failures originated from tangency-induced microcracks near <a href=\"https:\/\/www.elepcb.com\/blog\/ball-grid-array-guide-to-bga-packages\/\" data-lark-is-custom=\"true\">BGA<\/a> pads.<\/div><\/div>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-e636cfc elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"e636cfc\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-3ece97a\" data-id=\"3ece97a\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-da78120 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"da78120\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h3 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\"><b>Chemical Erosion in Annular Spaces<\/b><\/h3>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-daaa924 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"daaa924\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-4eeda14\" data-id=\"4eeda14\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-1b05fcf elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"1b05fcf\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"21\" height=\"15\" src=\"https:\/\/www.elepcb.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/04\/pcb-annular-ring-formula-1.png\" class=\"attachment-large size-large wp-image-19577\" alt=\"pcb annular ring formula 1\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-c92177c elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"c92177c\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-6c6d54a\" data-id=\"6c6d54a\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-b9745ce elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"b9745ce\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div data-page-id=\"KUSZdc0XfoCywrxFxffceLSFngg\" data-lark-html-role=\"root\" data-docx-has-block-data=\"false\"><div class=\"ace-line ace-line old-record-id-YbcmdXheaoN0nyxfeZZczz8knzW\">Atotech\u2019s 2023 data reveals that acidic etchants flowing <strong>&gt;2m\/s<\/strong> increase annular space sidewall roughness<\/div><div class=\"ace-line ace-line old-record-id-AkSndwJdCoCGk3xzeKAc47rjnHf\">by <strong>120%<\/strong>, leading to plating voids. For low Annular Ring designs (&lt;0.1mm), this necessitates pulse electroplating with <strong>5\u03bcm-thick copper<\/strong> to ensure reliability.<\/div><\/div>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-a5ba42c elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"a5ba42c\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-47140f3\" data-id=\"47140f3\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-cb170e5 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"cb170e5\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h3 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\"><b>Example<\/b><\/h3>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-cd65bca elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"cd65bca\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-04a059a\" data-id=\"04a059a\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-3983856 elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"3983856\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"120\" height=\"33\" src=\"https:\/\/www.elepcb.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/04\/pcb-annular-ring-formula-4.png\" class=\"attachment-large size-large wp-image-19574\" alt=\"pcb annular ring formula 4\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-fdd257c elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"fdd257c\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-1bbca20\" data-id=\"1bbca20\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-625cf70 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"625cf70\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div data-page-id=\"KUSZdc0XfoCywrxFxffceLSFngg\" data-lark-html-role=\"root\" data-docx-has-block-data=\"false\"><div><div data-page-id=\"KUSZdc0XfoCywrxFxffceLSFngg\" data-lark-html-role=\"root\" data-docx-has-block-data=\"false\"><div>Siemens EDA\u2019s parametric teardrop algorithm (patent US2024356721A1) reduces microcracks by 64% when fillet radius <strong>\u22650.3\u00d7 trace width<\/strong>. Fujitsu\u2019s production data shows laser\/mechanical hybrid drilling boosts annular seal strength by <strong>22%<\/strong>, achieving <strong>98.6%<\/strong> via reliability in 20-layer HDI boards.<\/div><div>\u00a0<\/div><div>It predict that vibration at <strong>200<\/strong><strong>Hz<\/strong> induces <strong>9.8<\/strong><strong>MPa<\/strong> stress on <strong>0.08mm<\/strong> annular rings\u2014exceeding <a href=\"https:\/\/www.elepcb.com\/blog\/what-is-fr-4-material-in-pcb-fabrication\/\" data-lark-is-custom=\"true\">FR-4<\/a>\u2019s fatigue limit. This validates the need for <a href=\"https:\/\/www.elepcb.com\/blog\/polyimide-pcb\/\" data-lark-is-custom=\"true\">polyimide<\/a> substrates in military-grade <strong>PCB<\/strong>s.<\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-782aa71b elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"782aa71b\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-46e0c3bf\" data-id=\"46e0c3bf\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-5263ac9b elementor-widget elementor-widget-spacer\" data-id=\"5263ac9b\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"spacer.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-spacer\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-spacer-inner\"><\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-db55fb6 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"db55fb6\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-dfe2a60\" data-id=\"dfe2a60\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-36d3906 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"36d3906\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\"><b>Conclusion<\/b><\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-27219725 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"27219725\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-4199af94\" data-id=\"4199af94\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-bf7656d elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"bf7656d\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div data-page-id=\"K5cQdPyqAoIVz9xiCVzcrjK4n2e\" data-lark-html-role=\"root\" data-docx-has-block-data=\"false\"><div><div data-page-id=\"SKC7dw5mIo9QKNxSgwPcggXAnRh\" data-lark-html-role=\"root\" data-docx-has-block-data=\"false\"><div><div data-page-id=\"SOfOdI4jXo5ucCxUQ3PcJolinPf\" data-lark-html-role=\"root\" data-docx-has-block-data=\"false\"><div><div data-page-id=\"SOfOdI4jXo5ucCxUQ3PcJolinPf\" data-lark-html-role=\"root\" data-docx-has-block-data=\"false\"><div><div data-page-id=\"KUSZdc0XfoCywrxFxffceLSFngg\" data-lark-html-role=\"root\" data-docx-has-block-data=\"false\"><div><strong>PCB<\/strong><strong> annular ring<\/strong> is an important design feature that will have a direct effect on manufacturability, electrical performance, and reliability of a PCB. Properly designed annular ring <span style=\"color: #2ea121;\"><strong>provides a reliable electrical connection, accommodates drilling <\/strong><\/span><span style=\"color: #2ea121;\"><strong>tolerance<\/strong><\/span><span style=\"color: #2ea121;\"><strong>, and avoids manufacturing faults<\/strong><\/span>.<\/div><div>\u00a0<\/div><div>During PCB design, always keep in mind the ratio of hole-to-annular ring, follow best practices, and coordinate closely with your <a href=\"https:\/\/www.elepcb.com\/pcb-manufacturing-process-and-services\/\" data-lark-is-custom=\"true\">manufacturer<\/a> to make your annular rings industry compliant. <em><strong>So, <\/strong><\/em><em><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/www.elepcb.com\/contact-us\/\" data-lark-is-custom=\"true\">contact<\/a><\/strong><\/em> <em><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/www.elepcb.com\/\" data-lark-is-custom=\"true\">ELEPCB<\/a><\/strong><\/em><em><strong> for the best annlar ring pcb design!<\/strong><\/em><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-ec70c93 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"ec70c93\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-678d086b\" data-id=\"678d086b\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-185ed103 elementor-widget elementor-widget-spacer\" data-id=\"185ed103\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"spacer.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-spacer\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-spacer-inner\"><\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-69a81d5a elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"69a81d5a\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-4e5f89cc\" data-id=\"4e5f89cc\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-52da4a1 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"52da4a1\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\"><b>FAQs<\/b><\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-3870c34b elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"3870c34b\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-58a53569\" data-id=\"58a53569\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-72023e20 elementor-widget elementor-widget-toggle\" data-id=\"72023e20\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"toggle.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-toggle\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-toggle-item\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-title-1911\" class=\"elementor-tab-title\" data-tab=\"1\" role=\"button\" aria-controls=\"elementor-tab-content-1911\" aria-expanded=\"false\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-toggle-icon elementor-toggle-icon-left\" aria-hidden=\"true\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-toggle-icon-closed\"><i class=\"fas fa-caret-right\"><\/i><\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-toggle-icon-opened\"><i class=\"elementor-toggle-icon-opened fas fa-caret-up\"><\/i><\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<a class=\"elementor-toggle-title\" tabindex=\"0\">Q1: What should be the smallest annular ring dimension for PCBs?<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\n\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-content-1911\" class=\"elementor-tab-content elementor-clearfix\" data-tab=\"1\" role=\"region\" aria-labelledby=\"elementor-tab-title-1911\"><div data-page-id=\"K5cQdPyqAoIVz9xiCVzcrjK4n2e\" data-lark-html-role=\"root\" data-docx-has-block-data=\"false\"><div data-page-id=\"PzvadCyLxoGC6axfsi0cBB2BnWf\" data-lark-html-role=\"root\" data-docx-has-block-data=\"false\"><div data-page-id=\"KUSZdc0XfoCywrxFxffceLSFngg\" data-lark-html-role=\"root\" data-docx-has-block-data=\"false\"><div class=\"ace-line ace-line old-record-id-doxcnJPANtr4pUtBgKh7OJH0nyc\">A1: The usual recommended minimum annular ring by the PCB manufacturers is at 0.1 mm (4 mils), but high-reliability PCBs can go as low as 0.15 mm (6 mils) or higher.<\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-toggle-item\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-title-1912\" class=\"elementor-tab-title\" data-tab=\"2\" role=\"button\" aria-controls=\"elementor-tab-content-1912\" aria-expanded=\"false\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-toggle-icon elementor-toggle-icon-left\" aria-hidden=\"true\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-toggle-icon-closed\"><i class=\"fas fa-caret-right\"><\/i><\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-toggle-icon-opened\"><i class=\"elementor-toggle-icon-opened fas fa-caret-up\"><\/i><\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<a class=\"elementor-toggle-title\" tabindex=\"0\">Q2: What if the annular ring is too thin?<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\n\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-content-1912\" class=\"elementor-tab-content elementor-clearfix\" data-tab=\"2\" role=\"region\" aria-labelledby=\"elementor-tab-title-1912\"><div data-page-id=\"K5cQdPyqAoIVz9xiCVzcrjK4n2e\" data-lark-html-role=\"root\" data-docx-has-block-data=\"false\"><div data-page-id=\"PzvadCyLxoGC6axfsi0cBB2BnWf\" data-lark-html-role=\"root\" data-docx-has-block-data=\"false\"><div data-page-id=\"KUSZdc0XfoCywrxFxffceLSFngg\" data-lark-html-role=\"root\" data-docx-has-block-data=\"false\"><div class=\"ace-line ace-line old-record-id-doxcnJPANtr4pUtBgKh7OJH0nyc\"><div data-page-id=\"KUSZdc0XfoCywrxFxffceLSFngg\" data-lark-html-role=\"root\" data-docx-has-block-data=\"false\"><div class=\"ace-line ace-line old-record-id-doxcnIygkGKIhBiA07gUPr7VUXf\">A2: A small annular ring raises the risk of <strong>breakouts, poor connections, and <\/strong><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/www.elepcb.com\/blog\/a-guide-to-aerospace-pcb-assembly\/\" data-lark-is-custom=\"true\">assembly<\/a><\/strong><strong> defects <\/strong>due to drill misalignment.<\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-toggle-item\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-title-1913\" class=\"elementor-tab-title\" data-tab=\"3\" role=\"button\" aria-controls=\"elementor-tab-content-1913\" aria-expanded=\"false\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-toggle-icon elementor-toggle-icon-left\" aria-hidden=\"true\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-toggle-icon-closed\"><i class=\"fas fa-caret-right\"><\/i><\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-toggle-icon-opened\"><i class=\"elementor-toggle-icon-opened fas fa-caret-up\"><\/i><\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<a class=\"elementor-toggle-title\" tabindex=\"0\">Q3: Do vias always require annular rings?<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\n\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-content-1913\" class=\"elementor-tab-content elementor-clearfix\" data-tab=\"3\" role=\"region\" aria-labelledby=\"elementor-tab-title-1913\"><div data-page-id=\"K5cQdPyqAoIVz9xiCVzcrjK4n2e\" data-lark-html-role=\"root\" data-docx-has-block-data=\"false\"><div data-page-id=\"PzvadCyLxoGC6axfsi0cBB2BnWf\" data-lark-html-role=\"root\" data-docx-has-block-data=\"false\"><div data-page-id=\"KUSZdc0XfoCywrxFxffceLSFngg\" data-lark-html-role=\"root\" data-docx-has-block-data=\"false\"><div class=\"ace-line ace-line old-record-id-doxcnJPANtr4pUtBgKh7OJH0nyc\"><div data-page-id=\"KUSZdc0XfoCywrxFxffceLSFngg\" data-lark-html-role=\"root\" data-docx-has-block-data=\"false\"><div class=\"ace-line ace-line old-record-id-doxcnIygkGKIhBiA07gUPr7VUXf\"><div data-page-id=\"KUSZdc0XfoCywrxFxffceLSFngg\" data-lark-html-role=\"root\" data-docx-has-block-data=\"false\"><div class=\"ace-line ace-line old-record-id-doxcnByS2LPftIXQ6IOnlppfVVd\">A3: Yes, vias must have annular rings to ensure electrical connectivity between the layers of a PCB.<\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-toggle-item\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-title-1914\" class=\"elementor-tab-title\" data-tab=\"4\" role=\"button\" aria-controls=\"elementor-tab-content-1914\" aria-expanded=\"false\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-toggle-icon elementor-toggle-icon-left\" aria-hidden=\"true\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-toggle-icon-closed\"><i class=\"fas fa-caret-right\"><\/i><\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-toggle-icon-opened\"><i class=\"elementor-toggle-icon-opened fas fa-caret-up\"><\/i><\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<a class=\"elementor-toggle-title\" tabindex=\"0\">Q4: Can I use a teardrop pad to reinforce an annular ring?<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\n\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-content-1914\" class=\"elementor-tab-content elementor-clearfix\" data-tab=\"4\" role=\"region\" aria-labelledby=\"elementor-tab-title-1914\"><div data-page-id=\"K5cQdPyqAoIVz9xiCVzcrjK4n2e\" data-lark-html-role=\"root\" data-docx-has-block-data=\"false\"><div data-page-id=\"PzvadCyLxoGC6axfsi0cBB2BnWf\" data-lark-html-role=\"root\" data-docx-has-block-data=\"false\"><div data-page-id=\"KUSZdc0XfoCywrxFxffceLSFngg\" data-lark-html-role=\"root\" data-docx-has-block-data=\"false\"><div class=\"ace-line ace-line old-record-id-doxcnJPANtr4pUtBgKh7OJH0nyc\"><div data-page-id=\"KUSZdc0XfoCywrxFxffceLSFngg\" data-lark-html-role=\"root\" data-docx-has-block-data=\"false\"><div class=\"ace-line ace-line old-record-id-doxcnIygkGKIhBiA07gUPr7VUXf\"><div data-page-id=\"KUSZdc0XfoCywrxFxffceLSFngg\" data-lark-html-role=\"root\" data-docx-has-block-data=\"false\"><div class=\"ace-line ace-line old-record-id-doxcnByS2LPftIXQ6IOnlppfVVd\"><div data-page-id=\"KUSZdc0XfoCywrxFxffceLSFngg\" data-lark-html-role=\"root\" data-docx-has-block-data=\"false\"><div class=\"ace-line ace-line old-record-id-I5xxdeVO6obmTfxChSxcfucMnpM\">A4: Yes, teardrop pads are utilized for reinforcing annular rings and enhancing mechanical strength in high-vibration conditions.<\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-toggle-item\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-title-1915\" class=\"elementor-tab-title\" data-tab=\"5\" role=\"button\" aria-controls=\"elementor-tab-content-1915\" aria-expanded=\"false\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-toggle-icon elementor-toggle-icon-left\" aria-hidden=\"true\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-toggle-icon-closed\"><i class=\"fas fa-caret-right\"><\/i><\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-toggle-icon-opened\"><i class=\"elementor-toggle-icon-opened fas fa-caret-up\"><\/i><\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<a class=\"elementor-toggle-title\" tabindex=\"0\">Q5: How does via size impact the annular ring?<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\n\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-content-1915\" class=\"elementor-tab-content elementor-clearfix\" data-tab=\"5\" role=\"region\" aria-labelledby=\"elementor-tab-title-1915\"><div data-page-id=\"K5cQdPyqAoIVz9xiCVzcrjK4n2e\" data-lark-html-role=\"root\" data-docx-has-block-data=\"false\"><div data-page-id=\"PzvadCyLxoGC6axfsi0cBB2BnWf\" data-lark-html-role=\"root\" data-docx-has-block-data=\"false\"><div data-page-id=\"KUSZdc0XfoCywrxFxffceLSFngg\" data-lark-html-role=\"root\" data-docx-has-block-data=\"false\"><div class=\"ace-line ace-line old-record-id-doxcnJPANtr4pUtBgKh7OJH0nyc\"><div data-page-id=\"KUSZdc0XfoCywrxFxffceLSFngg\" data-lark-html-role=\"root\" data-docx-has-block-data=\"false\"><div class=\"ace-line ace-line old-record-id-doxcnIygkGKIhBiA07gUPr7VUXf\"><div data-page-id=\"KUSZdc0XfoCywrxFxffceLSFngg\" data-lark-html-role=\"root\" data-docx-has-block-data=\"false\"><div class=\"ace-line ace-line old-record-id-doxcnByS2LPftIXQ6IOnlppfVVd\"><div data-page-id=\"KUSZdc0XfoCywrxFxffceLSFngg\" data-lark-html-role=\"root\" data-docx-has-block-data=\"false\"><div class=\"ace-line ace-line old-record-id-I5xxdeVO6obmTfxChSxcfucMnpM\"><div data-page-id=\"KUSZdc0XfoCywrxFxffceLSFngg\" data-lark-html-role=\"root\" data-docx-has-block-data=\"false\"><div class=\"ace-line ace-line old-record-id-doxcnpcRmceaq7hvrM2PSm3Tdls\">A5: Larger vias need more annular rings to connect properly, whereas microvias utilize smaller annular rings because laser drilling is extremely precise.<\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-2835f8a5 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"2835f8a5\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-5da9034d\" data-id=\"5da9034d\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-41653382 elementor-widget elementor-widget-spacer\" data-id=\"41653382\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"spacer.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-spacer\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-spacer-inner\"><\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-31e69357 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"31e69357\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-5933643e\" data-id=\"5933643e\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-50683ce elementor-widget elementor-widget-shortcode\" data-id=\"50683ce\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"shortcode.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-shortcode\">\t\t<div data-elementor-type=\"section\" data-elementor-id=\"2056\" class=\"elementor elementor-2056\" data-elementor-post-type=\"elementor_library\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-6012901 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"6012901\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-25 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-afac9b2\" data-id=\"afac9b2\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-b379375 elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"b379375\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<a href=\"https:\/\/www.elepcb.com\/pcb-products\/\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"768\" height=\"1024\" src=\"https:\/\/www.elepcb.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/03\/white-bg-2-768x1024.jpg\" class=\"attachment-large size-large wp-image-15779\" alt=\"pcb and pcba products 1\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.elepcb.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/03\/white-bg-2-768x1024.jpg 768w, https:\/\/www.elepcb.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/03\/white-bg-2-225x300.jpg 225w, https:\/\/www.elepcb.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/03\/white-bg-2-1152x1536.jpg 1152w, https:\/\/www.elepcb.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/03\/white-bg-2-1536x2048.jpg 1536w, https:\/\/www.elepcb.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/03\/white-bg-2-scaled.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 768px) 100vw, 768px\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-50 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-8968fc1\" data-id=\"8968fc1\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-c0c3b5d elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"c0c3b5d\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<a href=\"https:\/\/www.elepcb.com\/contact-us\/\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"800\" height=\"534\" src=\"https:\/\/www.elepcb.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/03\/contact-us-1024x683.jpg\" class=\"attachment-large size-large wp-image-15819\" alt=\"contact us\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.elepcb.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/03\/contact-us-1024x683.jpg 1024w, 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id=\"form-field-field_c168eb1-7\" name=\"form_fields[field_c168eb1][]\"> <label for=\"form-field-field_c168eb1-7\">Aluminum Printed Circuit Boards<\/label><\/span><span class=\"elementor-field-option\"><input type=\"checkbox\" value=\"Copper Core\" id=\"form-field-field_c168eb1-8\" name=\"form_fields[field_c168eb1][]\"> <label for=\"form-field-field_c168eb1-8\">Copper Core<\/label><\/span><span class=\"elementor-field-option\"><input type=\"checkbox\" value=\"IC Substrates &amp; Interposer\" id=\"form-field-field_c168eb1-9\" name=\"form_fields[field_c168eb1][]\"> <label for=\"form-field-field_c168eb1-9\">IC Substrates & Interposer<\/label><\/span><span class=\"elementor-field-option\"><input type=\"checkbox\" value=\"High TG PCBs\" id=\"form-field-field_c168eb1-10\" name=\"form_fields[field_c168eb1][]\"> <label for=\"form-field-field_c168eb1-10\">High TG PCBs<\/label><\/span><span class=\"elementor-field-option\"><input type=\"checkbox\" value=\"Heavy Copper\" 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elementor-col-100\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<label for=\"form-field-field_2cea676\" class=\"elementor-field-label\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\tUpload Your Files (Optional)\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/label>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<input type=\"file\" name=\"form_fields[field_2cea676]\" id=\"form-field-field_2cea676\" class=\"elementor-field elementor-size-sm  elementor-upload-field\">\n\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-field-type-textarea elementor-field-group elementor-column elementor-field-group-field_9ceb2c8 elementor-col-100\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<label for=\"form-field-field_9ceb2c8\" class=\"elementor-field-label\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\tMessage\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/label>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<textarea class=\"elementor-field-textual elementor-field  elementor-size-sm\" name=\"form_fields[field_9ceb2c8]\" id=\"form-field-field_9ceb2c8\" rows=\"4\"><\/textarea>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-field-group elementor-column elementor-field-type-submit elementor-col-100 e-form__buttons\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<button class=\"elementor-button elementor-size-sm\" type=\"submit\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-button-content-wrapper\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-button-text\">Submit<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/button>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/form>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-33 elementor-inner-column elementor-element elementor-element-123957a9\" data-id=\"123957a9\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Table of Contents An important part of PCB design is the PCB annular ring, or annular ring. It forms a very critical component towards achieving effective electrical connections, especially in multi-layer PCBs with plated through-holes (PTH).In this article, ELEPCB will explore the significance of the PCB annular ring, how it is related to via design, [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":18,"featured_media":19584,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[1],"tags":[134,114,129],"class_list":["post-19572","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-pcb-knowledge","tag-pcb-design","tag-pcb-inspection","tag-pcb-manufacturing"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.elepcb.com\/hu\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/19572","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.elepcb.com\/hu\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.elepcb.com\/hu\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.elepcb.com\/hu\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/18"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.elepcb.com\/hu\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=19572"}],"version-history":[{"count":30,"href":"https:\/\/www.elepcb.com\/hu\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/19572\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":19611,"href":"https:\/\/www.elepcb.com\/hu\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/19572\/revisions\/19611"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.elepcb.com\/hu\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/19584"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.elepcb.com\/hu\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=19572"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.elepcb.com\/hu\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=19572"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.elepcb.com\/hu\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=19572"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}