{"id":20838,"date":"2025-07-25T15:47:23","date_gmt":"2025-07-25T07:47:23","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.elepcb.com\/?p=20838"},"modified":"2025-07-25T15:47:23","modified_gmt":"2025-07-25T07:47:23","slug":"electrostatic-discharge-esd","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.elepcb.com\/hu\/blog\/electrostatic-discharge-esd\/","title":{"rendered":"Elektrosztatikus kis\u00fcl\u00e9s PCB-kben: Vesz\u00e9lyek, hat\u00e1sok \u00e9s v\u00e9delem"},"content":{"rendered":"\t\t<div data-elementor-type=\"wp-post\" data-elementor-id=\"20838\" class=\"elementor elementor-20838\" data-elementor-post-type=\"post\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-59efb455 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"59efb455\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\" data-settings=\"{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-31117e29\" data-id=\"31117e29\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-34edcfc0 elementor-toc--minimized-on-tablet elementor-widget elementor-widget-table-of-contents\" data-id=\"34edcfc0\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-settings=\"{&quot;exclude_headings_by_selector&quot;:[],&quot;headings_by_tags&quot;:[&quot;h2&quot;,&quot;h3&quot;],&quot;no_headings_message&quot;:&quot;No headings were found on this page.&quot;,&quot;marker_view&quot;:&quot;numbers&quot;,&quot;minimize_box&quot;:&quot;yes&quot;,&quot;minimized_on&quot;:&quot;tablet&quot;,&quot;hierarchical_view&quot;:&quot;yes&quot;,&quot;min_height&quot;:{&quot;unit&quot;:&quot;px&quot;,&quot;size&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;sizes&quot;:[]},&quot;min_height_tablet&quot;:{&quot;unit&quot;:&quot;px&quot;,&quot;size&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;sizes&quot;:[]},&quot;min_height_mobile&quot;:{&quot;unit&quot;:&quot;px&quot;,&quot;size&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;sizes&quot;:[]}}\" data-widget_type=\"table-of-contents.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-toc__header\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<h4 class=\"elementor-toc__header-title\">\n\t\t\t\tTable of Contents\t\t\t<\/h4>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-toc__toggle-button elementor-toc__toggle-button--expand\" role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" aria-controls=\"elementor-toc__34edcfc0\" aria-expanded=\"true\" aria-label=\"Open table of contents\"><i aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"fas fa-chevron-down\"><\/i><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-toc__toggle-button elementor-toc__toggle-button--collapse\" role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" aria-controls=\"elementor-toc__34edcfc0\" aria-expanded=\"true\" aria-label=\"Close table of contents\"><i aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"fas fa-chevron-up\"><\/i><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-toc__34edcfc0\" class=\"elementor-toc__body\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-toc__spinner-container\">\n\t\t\t\t<i class=\"elementor-toc__spinner eicon-animation-spin eicon-loading\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/i>\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-791d4b63 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"791d4b63\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div data-page-id=\"DZAsdetJroFkxcxeVQjcyfnNnDg\" data-lark-html-role=\"root\" data-docx-has-block-data=\"false\"><div class=\"ace-line ace-line old-record-id-WwFNdDCmBoUbWwxB3eUcTPRvny0\"><div data-page-id=\"BcFSdRB1Gol2zkxdhFscxDvAnDb\" data-lark-html-role=\"root\" data-docx-has-block-data=\"false\"><div class=\"ace-line ace-line old-record-id-TITydiFUro9B9exZIv6ccdHanQb\"><div data-page-id=\"SnzydsWllo0bm3xovKqcokF1nHe\" data-lark-html-role=\"root\" data-docx-has-block-data=\"false\"><div class=\"ace-line ace-line old-record-id-doxcn9lfwW9l41AX0cFt5VdVBOh\"><div data-page-id=\"R9endOKSfohZDYxDRQXcy4SMnif\" data-lark-html-role=\"root\" data-docx-has-block-data=\"false\"><div class=\"ace-line ace-line old-record-id-doxcnvogqCtMRZXFw2ZGxI6UvUd\"><div data-page-id=\"XMaGd765qowddoxaKhBcUxbEn2g\" data-lark-html-role=\"root\" data-docx-has-block-data=\"false\"><div class=\"ace-line ace-line old-record-id-HKnRd0jN4oCOBqxGM2McVjhCnCb\"><strong>Electrostatic Discharge (ESD)<\/strong> occurs when two static-charged objects unintentionally release electrostatic energy between them. It can occur due to direct contact between two objects, an electrical short, or a breakdown in a dielectric medium.<\/div><div class=\"ace-line ace-line old-record-id-XRYEdiUyPoeoeCxJukAcjM3pnoh\">For <a href=\"https:\/\/www.elepcb.com\/blog\/printed-circuit-board-types-and-their-uses\/\">printed circuit boards<\/a>, ESD can damage delicate components, disrupt signal flow, and cause permanent damage. Understanding how ESD affects PCBs is important for preserving their dependability and guaranteeing their function without issues.<\/div><div class=\"ace-line ace-line old-record-id-doxcnkyVAxGWuoV9s8zPqqCSfab\">This article is <strong>a complete guide to electrostatic discharge<\/strong>, covering its <span style=\"color: #008000;\">definition, damages, standards and how to protect circuit boards from electrostatic discharge damage.<\/span><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-6598f962 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"6598f962\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-18217549\" data-id=\"18217549\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-19ef04a8 elementor-widget elementor-widget-spacer\" data-id=\"19ef04a8\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"spacer.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-spacer\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-spacer-inner\"><\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-01394ce elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"01394ce\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img fetchpriority=\"high\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"800\" height=\"533\" src=\"https:\/\/www.elepcb.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/07\/ESD-damage-pic-1024x682.jpeg\" class=\"attachment-large size-large wp-image-20883\" alt=\"ESD damage pic\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.elepcb.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/07\/ESD-damage-pic-1024x682.jpeg 1024w, https:\/\/www.elepcb.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/07\/ESD-damage-pic-300x200.jpeg 300w, https:\/\/www.elepcb.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/07\/ESD-damage-pic-768x512.jpeg 768w, https:\/\/www.elepcb.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/07\/ESD-damage-pic-18x12.jpeg 18w, https:\/\/www.elepcb.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/07\/ESD-damage-pic.jpeg 1280w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-b870758 elementor-widget elementor-widget-spacer\" data-id=\"b870758\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"spacer.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-spacer\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-spacer-inner\"><\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-2b53cd9b elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"2b53cd9b\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-71908f17\" data-id=\"71908f17\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-1a4fa2ec elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"1a4fa2ec\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\"><b>What is Electrostatic Discharge (ESD)?<\/b><\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-a7d6279 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"a7d6279\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-5e05198\" data-id=\"5e05198\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-dd46cdf elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"dd46cdf\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div data-page-id=\"TqxMdcUfko5oeMxtxTdc8mIan5f\" data-lark-html-role=\"root\" data-docx-has-block-data=\"false\"><div class=\"ace-line ace-line old-record-id-doxcnf7BuZvPWHUC0bspgdU84Xe\"><div data-page-id=\"DZAsdetJroFkxcxeVQjcyfnNnDg\" data-lark-html-role=\"root\" data-docx-has-block-data=\"false\"><div class=\"ace-line ace-line old-record-id-C4sgdmlmLoxQgNx41rtc5DVOnjc\"><div data-page-id=\"BcFSdRB1Gol2zkxdhFscxDvAnDb\" data-lark-html-role=\"root\" data-docx-has-block-data=\"false\"><div class=\"ace-line ace-line old-record-id-O0HFdYO4ho52jExvAJbc8dDXnFg\"><div data-page-id=\"SnzydsWllo0bm3xovKqcokF1nHe\" data-lark-html-role=\"root\" data-docx-has-block-data=\"false\"><div data-page-id=\"R9endOKSfohZDYxDRQXcy4SMnif\" data-lark-html-role=\"root\" data-docx-has-block-data=\"false\"><div class=\"ace-line ace-line old-record-id-doxcn3dXmgPTeT8LCl4K0ao7yIh\"><div data-page-id=\"XMaGd765qowddoxaKhBcUxbEn2g\" data-lark-html-role=\"root\" data-docx-has-block-data=\"false\"><div class=\"ace-line ace-line old-record-id-doxcn0096ojmZsCCcANe5A1ypVO\">Electrostatic discharge (ESD) is a <strong>brief and instantaneous flow of electrical current surging between two objects that possess different voltage potentials.<\/strong> Usually, this is the result of a charged object coming into contact with, or approaching, a grounded object. This interaction yields an instantaneous discharge.<\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-21c40ac elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"21c40ac\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img decoding=\"async\" width=\"800\" height=\"672\" src=\"https:\/\/www.elepcb.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/07\/electrostatic-discharge-concept.jpg\" class=\"attachment-large size-large wp-image-20890\" alt=\"electrostatic discharge concept\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.elepcb.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/07\/electrostatic-discharge-concept.jpg 951w, https:\/\/www.elepcb.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/07\/electrostatic-discharge-concept-300x252.jpg 300w, https:\/\/www.elepcb.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/07\/electrostatic-discharge-concept-768x645.jpg 768w, https:\/\/www.elepcb.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/07\/electrostatic-discharge-concept-14x12.jpg 14w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-882aaa9 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"882aaa9\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div data-page-id=\"XMaGd765qowddoxaKhBcUxbEn2g\" data-lark-html-role=\"root\" data-docx-has-block-data=\"true\"><h3 class=\"heading-3 ace-line old-record-id-OVS5dUtDvok1HBxVXLecWwsXnle\"><strong>Main Causes of Electrostatic Discharge<\/strong><\/h3><div class=\" old-record-id-KTcodU2ESocaRtxUobicmx84n3b\" data-type=\"sheet\"><table><colgroup> <col width=\"266\" \/> <col width=\"479\" \/><\/colgroup><tbody><tr><td style=\"white-space-collapse: preserve; border-color: #b1b7c0 #b1b7c0 #dee0e3; font-size: 14pt; font-weight: bold; vertical-align: middle; word-break: break-word; overflow-wrap: break-word; background-color: #15205e; color: #ffffff; text-align: center;\">ESD Source<\/td><td style=\"white-space-collapse: preserve; border-color: #b1b7c0 #b1b7c0 #dee0e3; font-size: 14pt; font-weight: bold; vertical-align: middle; word-break: break-word; overflow-wrap: break-word; background-color: #15205e; color: #ffffff; text-align: center;\">Key Characteristics &amp; Risks<\/td><\/tr><tr><td style=\"white-space-collapse: preserve; border-color: #b1b7c0 #b1b7c0 #dee0e3 #dee0e3; font-size: 11pt; font-weight: bold; vertical-align: middle; word-break: break-word; overflow-wrap: break-word; background-color: #b56408; color: #ffffff; text-align: center;\">Human Touch<\/td><td data-sheet-value=\"[{&quot;type&quot;:&quot;text&quot;,&quot;style&quot;:{&quot;font&quot;:&quot;12pt\/1.5 MonospacedNumber, LarkHackSafariFont, LarkEmojiFont, LarkChineseQuote, -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, \\&quot;Helvetica Neue\\&quot;, Tahoma, \\&quot;PingFang SC\\&quot;, \\&quot;Microsoft Yahei\\&quot;, Arial, \\&quot;Hiragino Sans GB\\&quot;, sans-serif, \\&quot;Apple Color Emoji\\&quot;, \\&quot;Segoe UI Emoji\\&quot;, \\&quot;Segoe UI Symbol\\&quot;, \\&quot;Noto Color Emoji\\&quot;&quot;,&quot;foreColor&quot;:&quot;rgb(64, 64, 64)&quot;},&quot;text&quot;:&quot;\u2022 Discharge from human contact to components\\n\u2022 Light touch can transfer &quot;},{&quot;type&quot;:&quot;text&quot;,&quot;style&quot;:{&quot;font&quot;:&quot;12pt\/1.5 MonospacedNumber, LarkHackSafariFont, LarkEmojiFont, LarkChineseQuote, -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, \\&quot;Helvetica Neue\\&quot;, Tahoma, \\&quot;PingFang SC\\&quot;, \\&quot;Microsoft Yahei\\&quot;, Arial, \\&quot;Hiragino Sans GB\\&quot;, sans-serif, \\&quot;Apple Color Emoji\\&quot;, \\&quot;Segoe UI Emoji\\&quot;, \\&quot;Segoe UI Symbol\\&quot;, \\&quot;Noto Color Emoji\\&quot;&quot;,&quot;foreColor&quot;:&quot;rgb(64, 64, 64)&quot;},&quot;text&quot;:&quot;\u22652,000V&quot;},{&quot;type&quot;:&quot;text&quot;,&quot;style&quot;:{&quot;font&quot;:&quot;12pt\/1.5 MonospacedNumber, LarkHackSafariFont, LarkEmojiFont, LarkChineseQuote, -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, \\&quot;Helvetica Neue\\&quot;, Tahoma, \\&quot;PingFang SC\\&quot;, \\&quot;Microsoft Yahei\\&quot;, Arial, \\&quot;Hiragino Sans GB\\&quot;, sans-serif, \\&quot;Apple Color Emoji\\&quot;, \\&quot;Segoe UI Emoji\\&quot;, \\&quot;Segoe UI Symbol\\&quot;, \\&quot;Noto Color Emoji\\&quot;&quot;,&quot;foreColor&quot;:&quot;rgb(64, 64, 64)&quot;},&quot;text&quot;:&quot;\\n\u2022 Primary risk during handling\/assembly&quot;}]\">\u2022 Discharge from <strong>human contact<\/strong> to components<br \/>\u2022 Light touch can transfer<span style=\"color: #800000;\"><strong> \u22652,000V<\/strong><\/span><br \/>\u2022 Primary risk during handling\/assembly<\/td><\/tr><tr><td style=\"white-space-collapse: preserve; border-color: #b1b7c0 #b1b7c0 #dee0e3 #dee0e3; font-size: 11pt; font-weight: bold; vertical-align: middle; word-break: break-word; overflow-wrap: break-word; background-color: #b56408; color: #ffffff; text-align: center;\">Charged Devices<\/td><td data-sheet-value=\"[{&quot;type&quot;:&quot;text&quot;,&quot;style&quot;:{&quot;font&quot;:&quot;12pt\/1.5 MonospacedNumber, LarkHackSafariFont, LarkEmojiFont, LarkChineseQuote, -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, \\&quot;Helvetica Neue\\&quot;, Tahoma, \\&quot;PingFang SC\\&quot;, \\&quot;Microsoft Yahei\\&quot;, Arial, \\&quot;Hiragino Sans GB\\&quot;, sans-serif, \\&quot;Apple Color Emoji\\&quot;, \\&quot;Segoe UI Emoji\\&quot;, \\&quot;Segoe UI Symbol\\&quot;, \\&quot;Noto Color Emoji\\&quot;&quot;,&quot;foreColor&quot;:&quot;rgb(64, 64, 64)&quot;},&quot;text&quot;:&quot;\u2022 PCB\/components accumulate charge during &quot;},{&quot;type&quot;:&quot;text&quot;,&quot;style&quot;:{&quot;font&quot;:&quot;12pt\/1.5 MonospacedNumber, LarkHackSafariFont, LarkEmojiFont, LarkChineseQuote, -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, \\&quot;Helvetica Neue\\&quot;, Tahoma, \\&quot;PingFang SC\\&quot;, \\&quot;Microsoft Yahei\\&quot;, Arial, \\&quot;Hiragino Sans GB\\&quot;, sans-serif, \\&quot;Apple Color Emoji\\&quot;, \\&quot;Segoe UI Emoji\\&quot;, \\&quot;Segoe UI Symbol\\&quot;, \\&quot;Noto Color Emoji\\&quot;&quot;,&quot;foreColor&quot;:&quot;rgb(64, 64, 64)&quot;},&quot;text&quot;:&quot;manufacturing\/shipping&quot;},{&quot;type&quot;:&quot;text&quot;,&quot;style&quot;:{&quot;font&quot;:&quot;12pt\/1.5 MonospacedNumber, LarkHackSafariFont, LarkEmojiFont, LarkChineseQuote, -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, \\&quot;Helvetica Neue\\&quot;, Tahoma, \\&quot;PingFang SC\\&quot;, \\&quot;Microsoft Yahei\\&quot;, Arial, \\&quot;Hiragino Sans GB\\&quot;, sans-serif, \\&quot;Apple Color Emoji\\&quot;, \\&quot;Segoe UI Emoji\\&quot;, \\&quot;Segoe UI Symbol\\&quot;, \\&quot;Noto Color Emoji\\&quot;&quot;,&quot;foreColor&quot;:&quot;rgb(64, 64, 64)&quot;},&quot;text&quot;:&quot;\\n\u2022 Sudden discharge when shorted to ground\\n\u2022 Affects IC pins\/leads&quot;}]\">\u2022 PCB\/components accumulate charge during manufacturing\/shipping<br \/>\u2022 <strong>Sudden discharge<\/strong> when shorted to ground<br \/>\u2022 Affects IC pins\/leads<\/td><\/tr><tr><td style=\"white-space-collapse: preserve; border-color: #b1b7c0 #b1b7c0 #dee0e3 #dee0e3; font-size: 11pt; font-weight: bold; vertical-align: middle; word-break: break-word; overflow-wrap: break-word; background-color: #b56408; color: #ffffff; text-align: center;\">Environmental Factors<\/td><td data-sheet-value=\"[{&quot;type&quot;:&quot;text&quot;,&quot;style&quot;:{&quot;font&quot;:&quot;12pt\/1.5 MonospacedNumber, LarkHackSafariFont, LarkEmojiFont, LarkChineseQuote, -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, \\&quot;Helvetica Neue\\&quot;, Tahoma, \\&quot;PingFang SC\\&quot;, \\&quot;Microsoft Yahei\\&quot;, Arial, \\&quot;Hiragino Sans GB\\&quot;, sans-serif, \\&quot;Apple Color Emoji\\&quot;, \\&quot;Segoe UI Emoji\\&quot;, \\&quot;Segoe UI Symbol\\&quot;, \\&quot;Noto Color Emoji\\&quot;&quot;,&quot;foreColor&quot;:&quot;rgb(64, 64, 64)&quot;},&quot;text&quot;:&quot;\u2022 Generated by &quot;},{&quot;type&quot;:&quot;text&quot;,&quot;style&quot;:{&quot;font&quot;:&quot;12pt\/1.5 MonospacedNumber, LarkHackSafariFont, LarkEmojiFont, LarkChineseQuote, -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, \\&quot;Helvetica Neue\\&quot;, Tahoma, \\&quot;PingFang SC\\&quot;, \\&quot;Microsoft Yahei\\&quot;, Arial, \\&quot;Hiragino Sans GB\\&quot;, sans-serif, \\&quot;Apple Color Emoji\\&quot;, \\&quot;Segoe UI Emoji\\&quot;, \\&quot;Segoe UI Symbol\\&quot;, \\&quot;Noto Color Emoji\\&quot;&quot;,&quot;foreColor&quot;:&quot;rgb(64, 64, 64)&quot;},&quot;text&quot;:&quot;material friction&quot;},{&quot;type&quot;:&quot;text&quot;,&quot;style&quot;:{&quot;font&quot;:&quot;12pt\/1.5 MonospacedNumber, LarkHackSafariFont, LarkEmojiFont, LarkChineseQuote, -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, \\&quot;Helvetica Neue\\&quot;, Tahoma, \\&quot;PingFang SC\\&quot;, \\&quot;Microsoft Yahei\\&quot;, Arial, \\&quot;Hiragino Sans GB\\&quot;, sans-serif, \\&quot;Apple Color Emoji\\&quot;, \\&quot;Segoe UI Emoji\\&quot;, \\&quot;Segoe UI Symbol\\&quot;, \\&quot;Noto Color Emoji\\&quot;&quot;,&quot;foreColor&quot;:&quot;rgb(64, 64, 64)&quot;},&quot;text&quot;:&quot; + &quot;},{&quot;type&quot;:&quot;text&quot;,&quot;style&quot;:{&quot;font&quot;:&quot;12pt\/1.5 MonospacedNumber, LarkHackSafariFont, LarkEmojiFont, LarkChineseQuote, -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, \\&quot;Helvetica Neue\\&quot;, Tahoma, \\&quot;PingFang SC\\&quot;, \\&quot;Microsoft Yahei\\&quot;, Arial, \\&quot;Hiragino Sans GB\\&quot;, sans-serif, \\&quot;Apple Color Emoji\\&quot;, \\&quot;Segoe UI Emoji\\&quot;, \\&quot;Segoe UI Symbol\\&quot;, \\&quot;Noto Color Emoji\\&quot;&quot;,&quot;foreColor&quot;:&quot;rgb(64, 64, 64)&quot;},&quot;text&quot;:&quot;low humidity&quot;},{&quot;type&quot;:&quot;text&quot;,&quot;style&quot;:{&quot;font&quot;:&quot;12pt\/1.5 MonospacedNumber, LarkHackSafariFont, LarkEmojiFont, LarkChineseQuote, -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, \\&quot;Helvetica Neue\\&quot;, Tahoma, \\&quot;PingFang SC\\&quot;, \\&quot;Microsoft Yahei\\&quot;, Arial, \\&quot;Hiragino Sans GB\\&quot;, sans-serif, \\&quot;Apple Color Emoji\\&quot;, \\&quot;Segoe UI Emoji\\&quot;, \\&quot;Segoe UI Symbol\\&quot;, \\&quot;Noto Color Emoji\\&quot;&quot;,&quot;foreColor&quot;:&quot;rgb(64, 64, 64)&quot;},&quot;text&quot;:&quot; (&lt;40% RH)\\n\u2022 Dry environments increase charge retention\\n\u2022 Causes unpredictable discharges on sensitive surfaces&quot;}]\">\u2022 Generated by <strong>material friction + low humidity<\/strong> (&lt;40% RH)<br \/>\u2022 <span style=\"color: #008000;\">Dry environments<\/span> increase charge retention<br \/>\u2022 Causes unpredictable discharges on sensitive surfaces<\/td><\/tr><tr><td style=\"white-space-collapse: preserve; border-color: #b1b7c0 #b1b7c0 #dee0e3 #dee0e3; font-size: 11pt; font-weight: bold; vertical-align: middle; word-break: break-word; overflow-wrap: break-word; background-color: #b56408; color: #ffffff; text-align: center;\">Cable Connections<\/td><td data-sheet-value=\"[{&quot;type&quot;:&quot;text&quot;,&quot;style&quot;:{&quot;font&quot;:&quot;12pt\/1.5 MonospacedNumber, LarkHackSafariFont, LarkEmojiFont, LarkChineseQuote, -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, \\&quot;Helvetica Neue\\&quot;, Tahoma, \\&quot;PingFang SC\\&quot;, \\&quot;Microsoft Yahei\\&quot;, Arial, \\&quot;Hiragino Sans GB\\&quot;, sans-serif, \\&quot;Apple Color Emoji\\&quot;, \\&quot;Segoe UI Emoji\\&quot;, \\&quot;Segoe UI Symbol\\&quot;, \\&quot;Noto Color Emoji\\&quot;&quot;,&quot;foreColor&quot;:&quot;rgb(64, 64, 64)&quot;},&quot;text&quot;:&quot;\u2022 &quot;},{&quot;type&quot;:&quot;text&quot;,&quot;style&quot;:{&quot;font&quot;:&quot;12pt\/1.5 MonospacedNumber, LarkHackSafariFont, LarkEmojiFont, LarkChineseQuote, -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, \\&quot;Helvetica Neue\\&quot;, Tahoma, \\&quot;PingFang SC\\&quot;, \\&quot;Microsoft Yahei\\&quot;, Arial, \\&quot;Hiragino Sans GB\\&quot;, sans-serif, \\&quot;Apple Color Emoji\\&quot;, \\&quot;Segoe UI Emoji\\&quot;, \\&quot;Segoe UI Symbol\\&quot;, \\&quot;Noto Color Emoji\\&quot;&quot;,&quot;foreColor&quot;:&quot;rgb(64, 64, 64)&quot;},&quot;text&quot;:&quot;Plugging\/unplugging connectors&quot;},{&quot;type&quot;:&quot;text&quot;,&quot;style&quot;:{&quot;font&quot;:&quot;12pt\/1.5 MonospacedNumber, LarkHackSafariFont, LarkEmojiFont, LarkChineseQuote, -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, \\&quot;Helvetica Neue\\&quot;, Tahoma, \\&quot;PingFang SC\\&quot;, \\&quot;Microsoft Yahei\\&quot;, Arial, \\&quot;Hiragino Sans GB\\&quot;, sans-serif, \\&quot;Apple Color Emoji\\&quot;, \\&quot;Segoe UI Emoji\\&quot;, \\&quot;Segoe UI Symbol\\&quot;, \\&quot;Noto Color Emoji\\&quot;&quot;,&quot;foreColor&quot;:&quot;rgb(64, 64, 64)&quot;},&quot;text&quot;:&quot; creates surges\\n\u2022 Direct path to &quot;},{&quot;type&quot;:&quot;text&quot;,&quot;style&quot;:{&quot;font&quot;:&quot;12pt\/1.5 MonospacedNumber, LarkHackSafariFont, LarkEmojiFont, LarkChineseQuote, -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, \\&quot;Helvetica Neue\\&quot;, Tahoma, \\&quot;PingFang SC\\&quot;, \\&quot;Microsoft Yahei\\&quot;, Arial, \\&quot;Hiragino Sans GB\\&quot;, sans-serif, \\&quot;Apple Color Emoji\\&quot;, \\&quot;Segoe UI Emoji\\&quot;, \\&quot;Segoe UI Symbol\\&quot;, \\&quot;Noto Color Emoji\\&quot;&quot;,&quot;foreColor&quot;:&quot;rgb(64, 64, 64)&quot;},&quot;text&quot;:&quot;I\/O ports&quot;},{&quot;type&quot;:&quot;text&quot;,&quot;style&quot;:{&quot;font&quot;:&quot;12pt\/1.5 MonospacedNumber, LarkHackSafariFont, LarkEmojiFont, LarkChineseQuote, -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, \\&quot;Helvetica Neue\\&quot;, Tahoma, \\&quot;PingFang SC\\&quot;, \\&quot;Microsoft Yahei\\&quot;, Arial, \\&quot;Hiragino Sans GB\\&quot;, sans-serif, \\&quot;Apple Color Emoji\\&quot;, \\&quot;Segoe UI Emoji\\&quot;, \\&quot;Segoe UI Symbol\\&quot;, \\&quot;Noto Color Emoji\\&quot;&quot;,&quot;foreColor&quot;:&quot;rgb(64, 64, 64)&quot;},&quot;text&quot;:&quot; (USB, Ethernet, HDMI)\\n\u2022 Common in hot-swap scenarios&quot;}]\">\u2022 <strong>Plugging\/unplugging connectors<\/strong> creates surges<br \/>\u2022 Direct path to I\/O ports (USB, Ethernet, <a href=\"https:\/\/www.elepcb.com\/blog\/pcba-knowledge\/hdmi-connector-for-pcb-design\/\">HDMI<\/a>)<br \/>\u2022 Common in<strong> hot-swap scenarios<\/strong><\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/div><\/div>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-c6f8393 elementor-widget elementor-widget-spacer\" data-id=\"c6f8393\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"spacer.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-spacer\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-spacer-inner\"><\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-a33bac1 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"a33bac1\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-9d1303b\" data-id=\"9d1303b\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-fd39e58 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"fd39e58\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\"><strong>How ESD Impacts PCBs <\/strong><\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-ee1de6f elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"ee1de6f\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div data-page-id=\"R9endOKSfohZDYxDRQXcy4SMnif\" data-lark-html-role=\"root\" data-docx-has-block-data=\"false\"><div class=\"ace-line ace-line old-record-id-doxcnJ7Q4bIU5JAupDt5SkMlrZd\"><div data-page-id=\"XMaGd765qowddoxaKhBcUxbEn2g\" data-lark-html-role=\"root\" data-docx-has-block-data=\"false\"><div class=\"ace-line ace-line old-record-id-JwrGdEjVYoYZuRxt7GzcNVdTnz7\">Knowing how ESD can damage electronic components makes it easier to design shielding for PCBs and increases the reliability of the product.<\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-6f942aa elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"6f942aa\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div data-page-id=\"XMaGd765qowddoxaKhBcUxbEn2g\" data-lark-html-role=\"root\" data-docx-has-block-data=\"false\"><h3 class=\"heading-3 ace-line old-record-id-doxcnukPINVMm14lJeUVDYwuiVh\"><strong>Physical Damage Mechanisms of ESD on PCBs<\/strong><\/h3><div class=\"ace-line ace-line old-record-id-doxcnIPkGhtENV6wIddLCZgAPVh\">Although static electricity is relatively common, static charges can reach voltages of<strong> several thousand volts<\/strong>, which can be harmful to the dielectric layers and destroy tiny electrical pathways, leading to the complete failure of transistors, gates, and capacitors.<\/div><div class=\"ace-line ace-line old-record-id-ZCz4d1h1TohWE5xF9yicO9oenoe\">During the <a href=\"https:\/\/www.elepcb.com\/pcb-assembly-process-and-services\/\">assembly<\/a> or handling processes, even <a href=\"https:\/\/www.elepcb.com\/blog\/pcb-knowledge\/pcb-microcontroller-projects-in-pcb-design\/\">microcontrollers<\/a>, analog <a href=\"https:\/\/www.elepcb.com\/blog\/pcb-sensor\/\">sensors<\/a>, or high-speed logic units undergo internal damage due to microdischarges of considerably low levels.<\/div><div class=\"ace-line ace-line old-record-id-doxcnRQd3aKLnijOINsXoW9lEne\">When the voltage difference is large enough, a conduction path is created for the current, resulting in a huge current pulse. As this pulse develops, the resulting <a href=\"https:\/\/www.elepcb.com\/blog\/pcb-thermal-management\/\">heat dissipate<\/a>s within the PCB&#8217;s components and conductors. At extreme field strengths and currents, the PCB and components may be damaged or destroyed.<\/div><\/div>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-bd82782 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"bd82782\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div data-page-id=\"XMaGd765qowddoxaKhBcUxbEn2g\" data-lark-html-role=\"root\" data-docx-has-block-data=\"false\"><div data-page-id=\"XMaGd765qowddoxaKhBcUxbEn2g\" data-lark-html-role=\"root\" data-docx-has-block-data=\"false\"><h3 class=\"heading-3 ace-line old-record-id-doxcn7hYT3XvYpUac6RQ3GgBqXy\"><strong>Hidden Latent Damage Risks<\/strong><\/h3><div class=\"ace-line ace-line old-record-id-doxcnNsNZfVY1eHffa37oYwSpqH\">Electrostatic discharges can cause damage that is difficult to detect on the surface or that does not manifest itself as obvious damage straight away. However, these deep-seated problems can still damage components and cause further issues. In the case of precision-reliant frameworks like <span style=\"color: #008000;\">medical equipment, vehicle systems, and aeronautical technology,<\/span> the precision-reliant frameworks can<strong> cause system partial failures, unanticipated restarts, or complete circuit damage.<\/strong><\/div><\/div><\/div>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-73443af elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"73443af\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div data-page-id=\"XMaGd765qowddoxaKhBcUxbEn2g\" data-lark-html-role=\"root\" data-docx-has-block-data=\"false\"><div data-page-id=\"XMaGd765qowddoxaKhBcUxbEn2g\" data-lark-html-role=\"root\" data-docx-has-block-data=\"false\"><div data-page-id=\"XMaGd765qowddoxaKhBcUxbEn2g\" data-lark-html-role=\"root\" data-docx-has-block-data=\"false\"><h3 class=\"heading-3 ace-line old-record-id-doxcnG2Gkvl0qdOC4m3oosGv2gg\"><strong> Uncontrolled Static Accumulation in Manufacturing<\/strong><\/h3><div class=\"ace-line ace-line old-record-id-doxcno4rKg8zVoQ7EtRn6PWgdSh\">When producing, examining, or moving a device, the control of goods dealt with static electricity can dangerously accumulate charges that, when shed, remain invisible until the device is powered on. This also emphasizes<strong> circuit-level protective measures<\/strong>, as well <span style=\"color: #008000;\">as grounding and shielding<\/span>, covering the item, and <span style=\"color: #008000;\">ESD-safe workstations.<\/span><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-18a2e0b elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"18a2e0b\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-d4d59e0\" data-id=\"d4d59e0\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-6bd234f elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"6bd234f\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div data-page-id=\"XMaGd765qowddoxaKhBcUxbEn2g\" data-lark-html-role=\"root\" data-docx-has-block-data=\"false\"><div class=\"ace-line ace-line old-record-id-Eiu0dc8FDokIMFx06SAcds0wnSg\"><h3><strong><b>Real Cases of Electrostatic Discharge Failure \u00a0<\/b><\/strong><\/h3><strong>Example1<\/strong>: A technician touches an unprotected I\/O pin, or when a charged cable is plugged in, sending an ESD pulse straight to the circuit.<\/div><div class=\"ace-line ace-line old-record-id-FRL3dLSgIoteJixXb6FcnrW7nQd\"><strong>Example 2<\/strong>: Internal damage occurs to <a href=\"https:\/\/www.elepcb.com\/blog\/integrated-circuit\/\">integrated circuit<\/a> (IC) due to ESD during the assembly or handling processes. Analysis of failure usually indicates to us burnt silicon, fractured passivation layers, and sometimes even carbonized traces inside the IC. These damages are a result of high surges of voltage that either bypass or excessively overpower the protective mechanisms put in place.<\/div><\/div>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-05f4bf1 elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"05f4bf1\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img decoding=\"async\" width=\"589\" height=\"349\" src=\"https:\/\/www.elepcb.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/07\/electrostatic-discharge-damage.jpg\" class=\"attachment-large size-large wp-image-20884\" alt=\"electrostatic discharge damage\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.elepcb.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/07\/electrostatic-discharge-damage.jpg 589w, https:\/\/www.elepcb.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/07\/electrostatic-discharge-damage-300x178.jpg 300w, https:\/\/www.elepcb.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/07\/electrostatic-discharge-damage-18x12.jpg 18w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 589px) 100vw, 589px\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-564c19c elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"564c19c\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-2d75aa4\" data-id=\"2d75aa4\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-f683ff5 elementor-widget elementor-widget-spacer\" data-id=\"f683ff5\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"spacer.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-spacer\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-spacer-inner\"><\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-a8af3ff elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"a8af3ff\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\"><b>Electrostatic Discharge Protection Strategies<\/b><\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-24a948b elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"24a948b\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div data-page-id=\"XMaGd765qowddoxaKhBcUxbEn2g\" data-lark-html-role=\"root\" data-docx-has-block-data=\"false\"><div class=\"ace-line ace-line old-record-id-XQL7dNaHLoCLptxDeHDciBEOnyd\">Electrostatic protection in <a href=\"https:\/\/www.elepcb.com\/pcb-layout-design-process-and-guidelines\/\">PCB design<\/a> and <a href=\"https:\/\/www.elepcb.com\/blog\/electronics-manufacturing\/\">manufacturing<\/a> is particularly important because ESD can cause serious consequences. Firstly, protection should focus on <strong>key areas such as integrated circuits and connectors.<\/strong><\/div><ul class=\"list-bullet1\"><li class=\"ace-line ace-line old-record-id-JSGidtnqNogjAExQFJEcGFCtn4b\" data-list=\"bullet\"><div>ESD pulses can cause <strong>current to flow through the cores of integrated circuits<\/strong>, generating high temperatures that can damage components.<\/div><\/li><li class=\"ace-line ace-line old-record-id-EZSVdQ5lsohgo0x1zIjchMwNnwe\" data-list=\"bullet\"><div>While connectors themselves are not a source of ESD, <strong>any static charge that builds up on them can cause it<\/strong>. ESD events frequently occur in <span style=\"color: #008000;\">metal shrouds and floating pins on connectors<\/span> in some <a href=\"https:\/\/www.elepcb.com\/applications\/pcb-for-consumer-electronics\/\">consumer<\/a> and <a href=\"https:\/\/www.elepcb.com\/applications\/pcb-for-industrial-equipments\/\\\">industrial products.<\/a> Inserting a chip, unplugging a cable or pressing a button can put a device at risk of static electricity.<\/div><\/li><\/ul><\/div>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-2fc522f elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"2fc522f\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"774\" height=\"400\" src=\"https:\/\/www.elepcb.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/07\/ESD-damage.jpeg\" class=\"attachment-large size-large wp-image-20882\" alt=\"ESD damage\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.elepcb.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/07\/ESD-damage.jpeg 774w, https:\/\/www.elepcb.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/07\/ESD-damage-300x155.jpeg 300w, https:\/\/www.elepcb.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/07\/ESD-damage-768x397.jpeg 768w, https:\/\/www.elepcb.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/07\/ESD-damage-18x9.jpeg 18w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 774px) 100vw, 774px\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-144ea8a elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"144ea8a\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-5759d27\" data-id=\"5759d27\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-fb6e5c6 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"fb6e5c6\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div data-page-id=\"XMaGd765qowddoxaKhBcUxbEn2g\" data-lark-html-role=\"root\" data-docx-has-block-data=\"false\"><h3 class=\"heading-3 ace-line old-record-id-MnrRdPYxsoLBjix9nhIcDpkAnDg\"><strong>ESD Protection for the Whole Product<\/strong><\/h3><ul><li class=\"ace-line ace-line old-record-id-RAtqd878WoNMpExmbX2cqlDlnre\">The products with high ESD requirements should<span style=\"color: #008000;\"> avoid the use of metal, plating materials<\/span>, and other materials that easily attract and gather static electricity to be used in shell or decorative parts. The <span style=\"color: #008000;\">distance from the device and the alignment must be <strong>greater than 2.2 mm.<\/strong><\/span><\/li><li class=\"ace-line ace-line old-record-id-Y9hpdxkHUoy9BpxZOgXcqalfn9f\">If conductor material must be used, the structure should be designed in advance for <span style=\"color: #008000;\">effective grounding and uniform layout.<\/span><\/li><li class=\"ace-line ace-line old-record-id-XC8gdOiPloH31zxzBGScYvHjn84\">It is not possible to apply grounding to the plated sides of the keys, so you need to focus on the <span style=\"color: #008000;\">main board<\/span> and carry out special processing to eliminate a certain amount of static electricity.<\/li><\/ul><\/div>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-5992302 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"5992302\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-9e031fd\" data-id=\"9e031fd\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-9bc5767 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"9bc5767\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div data-page-id=\"XMaGd765qowddoxaKhBcUxbEn2g\" data-lark-html-role=\"root\" data-docx-has-block-data=\"false\"><div data-page-id=\"XMaGd765qowddoxaKhBcUxbEn2g\" data-lark-html-role=\"root\" data-docx-has-block-data=\"false\"><h3 class=\"heading-3 ace-line old-record-id-doxcndkxPpGS0CC5n7zaVc7lCYe\"><strong>Using ESD Diodes and TVS Components <\/strong><\/h3><div class=\"ace-line ace-line old-record-id-doxcnR9ANR2r1wt9o7R4AETcl5O\">With regard to electrostatic discharge protection on the PCB, <strong>surge protection devices and ESD protection devices<\/strong> are critical to the operation of the system as a whole. Damage from electrostatic discharge will be sustained by voltage-limited circuitry without protective devices that reroute voltage discharge. <span style=\"color: #008000;\"><strong>TVS diode<\/strong><\/span> protection circuits are among the most common types of circuits found in low-voltage, non-industrial setups.<\/div><div class=\"ace-line ace-line old-record-id-VBA1dSfmVoj6IJxybQXci8IXnec\"><span style=\"color: #008000;\">TVS surge diode protectors offer <strong>greater voltage rejection<\/strong> than other electrostatic discharge (ESD) protection components<\/span> found in power management integrated circuits (ICs) or microcontrollers.<\/div><\/div><\/div>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-b45882b elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"b45882b\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<figure class=\"wp-caption\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"438\" height=\"422\" src=\"https:\/\/www.elepcb.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/07\/typical-ESD-protection.png\" class=\"attachment-large size-large wp-image-20881\" alt=\"typical ESD protection\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.elepcb.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/07\/typical-ESD-protection.png 438w, https:\/\/www.elepcb.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/07\/typical-ESD-protection-300x289.png 300w, https:\/\/www.elepcb.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/07\/typical-ESD-protection-12x12.png 12w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 438px) 100vw, 438px\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<figcaption class=\"widget-image-caption wp-caption-text\">Common ESD Protection Design with TVS<\/figcaption>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/figure>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-83f457f elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"83f457f\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div data-page-id=\"XMaGd765qowddoxaKhBcUxbEn2g\" data-lark-html-role=\"root\" data-docx-has-block-data=\"false\"><div class=\"ace-line ace-line old-record-id-ZSgfdogPWovxEJxcvvScwvOSnYe\">The <span style=\"color: #008000;\"><strong>varistor<\/strong><\/span> is another typical electrical part used for ESD protection. Below is a <strong>comparison between varisotors\u00a0and TVS diodes:<\/strong><\/div><\/div>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-90e3857 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"90e3857\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div data-page-id=\"XMaGd765qowddoxaKhBcUxbEn2g\" data-lark-html-role=\"root\" data-docx-has-block-data=\"false\">\n<h4 class=\"heading-4 ace-line old-record-id-NW7od20pao1aZsx9j2GcibQDnJd\"><strong>TVS Diodes vs. Varistors<\/strong><\/h4>\n<\/div>\n<table><colgroup> <col width=\"134\" \/> <col width=\"184\" \/> <col width=\"198\" \/> <col width=\"338\" \/><\/colgroup>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"white-space-collapse: preserve; border-color: #b1b7c0 #b1b7c0 #dee0e3; font-size: 14pt; font-weight: bold; vertical-align: middle; word-break: break-word; overflow-wrap: break-word; background-color: #15205e; color: #ffffff; text-align: center;\">Parameter<\/td>\n<td style=\"white-space-collapse: preserve; border-color: #b1b7c0 #b1b7c0 #dee0e3; font-size: 14pt; font-weight: bold; vertical-align: middle; word-break: break-word; overflow-wrap: break-word; background-color: #15205e; color: #ffffff; text-align: center;\">TVS Diodes<\/td>\n<td style=\"white-space-collapse: preserve; border-color: #b1b7c0 #b1b7c0 #dee0e3; font-size: 14pt; font-weight: bold; vertical-align: middle; word-break: break-word; overflow-wrap: break-word; background-color: #15205e; color: #ffffff; text-align: center;\">Varistors (MOVs)<\/td>\n<td style=\"white-space-collapse: preserve; border-color: #b1b7c0 #b1b7c0 #dee0e3; font-size: 14pt; font-weight: bold; vertical-align: middle; word-break: break-word; overflow-wrap: break-word; background-color: #15205e; color: #ffffff; text-align: center;\">Selection Criteria<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"white-space-collapse: preserve; border-color: #b1b7c0 #b1b7c0 #dee0e3 #dee0e3; font-size: 11pt; font-weight: bold; vertical-align: middle; word-break: break-word; overflow-wrap: break-word; background-color: #b56408; color: #ffffff;\">Response Time<\/td>\n<td>0.5-5 ns<\/td>\n<td>5-50 ns<\/td>\n<td>\u2022 TVS for &gt;1GHz high-speed interfaces\n\u2022 MOVs acceptable for power lines<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"white-space-collapse: preserve; border-color: #b1b7c0 #b1b7c0 #dee0e3 #dee0e3; font-size: 11pt; font-weight: bold; vertical-align: middle; word-break: break-word; overflow-wrap: break-word; background-color: #b56408; color: #ffffff;\">Clamping Voltage<\/td>\n<td>Tight control (e.g., 12V \u2192 22V clamp)<\/td>\n<td>Wider tolerance (\u00b120%)<\/td>\n<td>\u2022 TVS for voltage-sensitive ICs (MCUs, FPGAs)\n\u2022 MOVs for non-critical power rails<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"white-space-collapse: preserve; border-color: #b1b7c0 #b1b7c0 #dee0e3 #dee0e3; font-size: 11pt; font-weight: bold; vertical-align: middle; word-break: break-word; overflow-wrap: break-word; background-color: #b56408; color: #ffffff;\">Lifetime<\/td>\n<td>&gt;10\u2079 surge cycles<\/td>\n<td>Degrades after 10\u00b3-10\u2075 surges<\/td>\n<td>\u2022 TVS for frequent ESD environments\n\u2022 MOVs for occasional surges<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"white-space-collapse: preserve; border-color: #b1b7c0 #b1b7c0 #dee0e3 #dee0e3; font-size: 11pt; font-weight: bold; vertical-align: middle; word-break: break-word; overflow-wrap: break-word; background-color: #b56408; color: #ffffff;\">Leakage Current<\/td>\n<td>Low (\u00b5A range)<\/td>\n<td>Higher (mA range)<\/td>\n<td>\u2022 TVS for battery-powered devices\n\u2022 MOVs for mains-powered systems<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"white-space-collapse: preserve; border-color: #b1b7c0 #b1b7c0 #dee0e3 #dee0e3; font-size: 11pt; font-weight: bold; vertical-align: middle; word-break: break-word; overflow-wrap: break-word; background-color: #b56408; color: #ffffff;\">Capacitance<\/td>\n<td>Low (0.5-50 pF)<\/td>\n<td>High (100pF-10\u00b5F)<\/td>\n<td>\u2022 TVS for high-speed data lines (USB\/HDMI)\n\u2022 MOVs for AC\/DC inputs<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"white-space-collapse: preserve; border-color: #b1b7c0 #b1b7c0 #dee0e3 #dee0e3; font-size: 11pt; font-weight: bold; vertical-align: middle; word-break: break-word; overflow-wrap: break-word; background-color: #b56408; color: #ffffff;\">Cost<\/td>\n<td>$0.05-$2.00<\/td>\n<td>$0.02-$0.50<\/td>\n<td>\u2022 MOVs for cost-sensitive bulk protection\n\u2022 TVS for critical signal paths<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"white-space-collapse: preserve; border-color: #b1b7c0 #b1b7c0 #dee0e3 #dee0e3; font-size: 11pt; font-weight: bold; vertical-align: middle; word-break: break-word; overflow-wrap: break-word; background-color: #b56408; color: #ffffff;\">Failure Mode<\/td>\n<td>Fails short-circuit (safer)<\/td>\n<td>Fails open-circuit (fire risk)<\/td>\n<td>\u2022 TVS in medical\/safety-critical apps\n\u2022 MOVs require<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-e065a7f elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"e065a7f\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-699afd0\" data-id=\"699afd0\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-inner-section elementor-element elementor-element-65ed6b1 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"65ed6b1\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-50 elementor-inner-column elementor-element elementor-element-59d6d0b\" data-id=\"59d6d0b\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-94791d4 elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"94791d4\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<figure class=\"wp-caption\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"754\" height=\"317\" src=\"https:\/\/www.elepcb.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/07\/TVS-Diode.png\" class=\"attachment-large size-large wp-image-20887\" alt=\"TVS Diode\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.elepcb.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/07\/TVS-Diode.png 754w, https:\/\/www.elepcb.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/07\/TVS-Diode-300x126.png 300w, https:\/\/www.elepcb.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/07\/TVS-Diode-18x8.png 18w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 754px) 100vw, 754px\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<figcaption class=\"widget-image-caption wp-caption-text\">TVS Diode<\/figcaption>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/figure>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-50 elementor-inner-column elementor-element elementor-element-f15ed4b\" data-id=\"f15ed4b\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-81a05ee elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"81a05ee\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<figure class=\"wp-caption\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"785\" height=\"352\" src=\"https:\/\/www.elepcb.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/07\/Varistors.png\" class=\"attachment-large size-large wp-image-20886\" alt=\"Varistors\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.elepcb.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/07\/Varistors.png 785w, https:\/\/www.elepcb.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/07\/Varistors-300x135.png 300w, https:\/\/www.elepcb.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/07\/Varistors-768x344.png 768w, https:\/\/www.elepcb.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/07\/Varistors-18x8.png 18w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 785px) 100vw, 785px\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<figcaption class=\"widget-image-caption wp-caption-text\">Varistor<\/figcaption>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/figure>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-1ed535c elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"1ed535c\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-f8d880a\" data-id=\"f8d880a\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-5e4e766 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"5e4e766\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div data-page-id=\"XMaGd765qowddoxaKhBcUxbEn2g\" data-lark-html-role=\"root\" data-docx-has-block-data=\"false\"><h3 class=\"heading-3 ace-line old-record-id-doxcnTPwTc1DUE40KQ3UGEEozdd\"><strong>Considerations for <\/strong><strong>PCB Layout<\/strong><\/h3><ul><li class=\"ace-line ace-line old-record-id-doxcnOhDm2T3Q8NWm0sEzP6rl7d\">Traces should be <span style=\"color: #008000;\">minimized in length<\/span> where diodes are mounted next to the buttons or ports.<\/li><li class=\"ace-line ace-line old-record-id-RZiPdLqj2okD0Kx6A7lc15WrnWg\">Optimal protection requires that the <span style=\"color: #008000;\">trace length from a USB port to a TVS diode be <strong>less than 5mm<\/strong><\/span> to reduce inductance and provide rapid clamping during ESD events.<\/li><li class=\"ace-line ace-line old-record-id-Xe3RdKaujoelUFxEC5AcrbBAnKh\"><span style=\"color: #008000;\">Short, wide traces<\/span> also help reduce resistive barriers to the flow of ESD energy.<\/li><li class=\"ace-line ace-line old-record-id-L1gadgqUCoZM8bxeg8xcWF8Infe\"><span style=\"color: #008000;\">Ground signal layer<\/span> improves the ability of the system to absorb discharges and also improves the current return path.<\/li><\/ul><\/div>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-3feae92 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"3feae92\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-7558281\" data-id=\"7558281\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-5cf13bb elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"5cf13bb\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div data-page-id=\"XMaGd765qowddoxaKhBcUxbEn2g\" data-lark-html-role=\"root\" data-docx-has-block-data=\"false\"><h3 class=\"heading-3 ace-line old-record-id-doxcnUPwoWaR3OHR73IvcApXSAc\"><strong>Optimizing Grounding and Shielding<\/strong><\/h3><ul><li class=\"ace-line ace-line old-record-id-doxcnO4heG0HwDrkUaKlFl1kBdf\">Attaching the <a href=\"https:\/\/www.elepcb.com\/blog\/pcb-ground-plane\/\">PCB ground<\/a> to a metallic box or chassis provides additional protection against Electrostatic Discharge (ESD). This method diverts dangerous energy flow from components towards the ground system.<\/li><li class=\"ace-line ace-line old-record-id-HAVAdWHAAoeAzlxzGQ0c50NmnOe\"><span style=\"color: #008000;\">Connect the TVS ground pin directly to a ground plane<\/span> at the same level and use multiple ground planes where possible.<\/li><li class=\"ace-line ace-line old-record-id-OOs5d7P6AoSywQxYqWtcrQngnTh\"><span style=\"color: #008000;\">Well-placed grounding vias near critical locations<\/span> also help to control the discharge pathways. Ensure that the ground plane has nearby <a href=\"https:\/\/www.elepcb.com\/blog\/pcb-via-a-complete-guide\/\">vias<\/a> connected to adjacent internal ground planes.<\/li><\/ul><\/div>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-9849182 elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"9849182\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<figure class=\"wp-caption\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"800\" height=\"473\" src=\"https:\/\/www.elepcb.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/07\/ESD-protection-grounding.png\" class=\"attachment-large size-large wp-image-20880\" alt=\"ESD protection-grounding\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.elepcb.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/07\/ESD-protection-grounding.png 930w, https:\/\/www.elepcb.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/07\/ESD-protection-grounding-300x177.png 300w, https:\/\/www.elepcb.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/07\/ESD-protection-grounding-768x454.png 768w, https:\/\/www.elepcb.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/07\/ESD-protection-grounding-18x12.png 18w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<figcaption class=\"widget-image-caption wp-caption-text\">Two-layer PCB Grouding Planes<\/figcaption>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/figure>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-a5641fe elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"a5641fe\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-dc254fd\" data-id=\"dc254fd\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-ab77764 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"ab77764\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div data-page-id=\"XMaGd765qowddoxaKhBcUxbEn2g\" data-lark-html-role=\"root\" data-docx-has-block-data=\"false\"><h3 class=\"heading-3 ace-line old-record-id-doxcnzSOeRsNvXdRoxTSpgtWhOb\"><strong>Applying Coatings and Handling <\/strong><\/h3><div class=\"ace-line ace-line old-record-id-doxcnMoU3Hz6qJvp6qbR4ceyWtf\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.elepcb.com\/blog\/choose-the-right-pcb-conformal-coating\/\">Conformal coatings<\/a> isolate exposed surfaces from direct discharge while simultaneously protecting them. While an item is being produced or transported, the use of grounding, antistatic bags, ESD-safe practices such as grounded workstations is also important in eliminating static electricity build-up as well as preventing unintended discharges.<\/div><\/div>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-59cad20 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"59cad20\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-18151fa\" data-id=\"18151fa\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-1bece57 elementor-widget elementor-widget-spacer\" data-id=\"1bece57\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"spacer.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-spacer\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-spacer-inner\"><\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-2b287a9 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"2b287a9\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\"><b>Diagnostic &amp; Testing Standards  <\/b><\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-655b2dc elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"655b2dc\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div data-page-id=\"R9endOKSfohZDYxDRQXcy4SMnif\" data-lark-html-role=\"root\" data-docx-has-block-data=\"false\"><div class=\"ace-line ace-line old-record-id-T450d8OoQoTzQSxwAxLc8mPcnJe\"><div data-page-id=\"XMaGd765qowddoxaKhBcUxbEn2g\" data-lark-html-role=\"root\" data-docx-has-block-data=\"false\"><div class=\"ace-line ace-line old-record-id-doxcnVj5DuVnD5MeznIqQB9xMse\">Checking how sensitive a printed circuit board (PCB) is to electrostatic discharge ESD is important to guarantee product reliability.<\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-9609215 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"9609215\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div data-page-id=\"XMaGd765qowddoxaKhBcUxbEn2g\" data-lark-html-role=\"root\" data-docx-has-block-data=\"false\"><h3 class=\"heading-3 ace-line old-record-id-OsybdnXKXoZYiSxmZ60cUZy0nEd\"><strong>Testing Standard: IEC 61000-4-2<\/strong><\/h3><div class=\"ace-line ace-line old-record-id-RFS3de3uToj9HrxClUkcQECwnQc\">The most renowned level of reference for electrostatic discharge testing is the<strong> IEC 61000-4-2 standard<\/strong>. It demonstrates the complete ESD event simulation process in practical scenarios. It includes both contact discharge, where an ESD gun <span style=\"color: #008000;\">touches the test point directly,<\/span> and <span style=\"color: #008000;\">air discharge<\/span>, which simulates an ESD arc through the air.<\/div><\/div>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-e21604e elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"e21604e\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"ace-line ace-line old-record-id-IVuPdsW2Vo49dixzqMWcLGwcnWd\">Testing is usually done at voltages of<strong> \u00b12\u202fkV to \u00b18\u202fkV<\/strong> for specific product classes.<\/div><ul class=\"list-bullet1\"><li class=\"ace-line ace-line old-record-id-NVP8duTMUooGWyxHeEacrDvanJh\" data-list=\"bullet\"><div><strong>Medical Devices:<\/strong><\/div><ul class=\"list-bullet2\"><li class=\"ace-line ace-line old-record-id-Bd4rdnbZKoC1ANxTfxhcmnlZnzd\" data-list=\"bullet\"><div>Contact Discharge: \u00b18 kV (ensures patient safety).<\/div><\/li><li class=\"ace-line ace-line old-record-id-YMoqdJ7KBoeFEXxZ1wdctzL4nBg\" data-list=\"bullet\"><div>Air Discharge: \u00b115 kV (ensures patient safety).<\/div><\/li><\/ul><\/li><li class=\"ace-line ace-line old-record-id-W1jvdEuSKoNg9qxXVMJc8zFOnCe\" data-list=\"bullet\"><div><strong>Automotive ECUs (Electronic Control Units):<\/strong><\/div><ul class=\"list-bullet2\"><li class=\"ace-line ace-line old-record-id-X0UiddXl8oMJb3xLHdwcPbFznRb\" data-list=\"bullet\"><div>Test Voltage: \u00b115 kV and higher (high ESD exposure in vehicle environments).<\/div><\/li><\/ul><\/li><\/ul>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-292ed8b elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"292ed8b\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div data-page-id=\"XMaGd765qowddoxaKhBcUxbEn2g\" data-lark-html-role=\"root\" data-docx-has-block-data=\"false\"><div class=\" old-record-id-doxcnYWfxAFvZcjX2ZAmLhSR9Yg\">IEC 61000-4-2 standard seeks to assess the performance of the PCB and its components under instantaneous electrostatic stress. <span style=\"color: #008000;\">Results have been classified into four performance categories:<\/span><\/div><\/div>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-10713db elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"10713db\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div data-page-id=\"XMaGd765qowddoxaKhBcUxbEn2g\" data-lark-html-role=\"root\" data-docx-has-block-data=\"false\"><ul class=\"list-bullet1\"><li class=\"ace-line ace-line old-record-id-doxcnOYC4FPtfZCWNguPoGw63xh\" data-list=\"bullet\"><div><strong>Class A:<\/strong> No performance degradation or functional loss.<\/div><\/li><li class=\"ace-line ace-line old-record-id-doxcnYF4Nimq9lIa4Grq6GmaJNe\" data-list=\"bullet\"><div><strong>Class B\/C: <\/strong>Malfunction or deviation from the expected performance that is automatically recoverable.<\/div><\/li><li class=\"ace-line ace-line old-record-id-doxcn40GuYMRqTxNlMEXofI3s2T\" data-list=\"bullet\"><div><strong>Class D:<\/strong> Irreparable damage or failure that requires manual intervention for repair or replacement.<\/div><\/li><\/ul><\/div>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-db6c1d9 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"db6c1d9\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div data-page-id=\"XMaGd765qowddoxaKhBcUxbEn2g\" data-lark-html-role=\"root\" data-docx-has-block-data=\"false\"><div class=\"ace-line ace-line old-record-id-doxcnboKlFVajfhmAgpTyNzXb8d\">As with any diagnosis, the identify-issues phase can employ skilled personnel using <span style=\"color: #008000;\">oscilloscopes, current probes, and high-speed cameras<\/span> to track the discharge path and pinpoint design vulnerabilities. Discharge compliance requirements of IEC 61000-4-2 are pivotal not only for attaining worldwide compliance on the safety of electronic devices, but also for safeguarding electronics in environments susceptible to electrostatic discharges over time.<\/div><\/div>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-2111e52e elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"2111e52e\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-668b01c0\" data-id=\"668b01c0\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-d24bc64 elementor-widget elementor-widget-spacer\" data-id=\"d24bc64\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"spacer.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-spacer\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-spacer-inner\"><\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-37342720 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"37342720\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\"><b>Conclusion<\/b><\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-65d0826 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"65d0826\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div data-page-id=\"R9endOKSfohZDYxDRQXcy4SMnif\" data-lark-html-role=\"root\" data-docx-has-block-data=\"false\"><div class=\"ace-line ace-line old-record-id-AkRud4W0noqu12xps4VcuuEznXf\"><div data-page-id=\"XMaGd765qowddoxaKhBcUxbEn2g\" data-lark-html-role=\"root\" data-docx-has-block-data=\"false\"><div class=\"ace-line ace-line old-record-id-doxcnkYU4PHI81ZNiNatWh9PMNb\">Protecting PCBs from ESD requires a <strong>multi-layered defense strategy.<\/strong> Designing for ESD protection in PCBs requires <span style=\"color: #008000;\">TVS and Zener diodes<\/span> to be placed spatially to provide <span style=\"color: #008000;\">protective covering<\/span> as well as implementing<span style=\"color: #008000;\"> low impedance grounds<\/span>, having a well-designed protective case, applying serviceable coatings, and controlling handling and storage to very rigid standards.<\/div><div class=\"ace-line ace-line old-record-id-ZAO6dXxFKoSRBgx4fbkcojWznCf\">By integrating these approaches, designers can build PCBs that survive real-world electrostatic threats. For enduring protection against evolving ESD challenges, partner with experts like<a href=\"https:\/\/www.elepcb.com\/\"> <strong>ELE PCB<\/strong> <\/a>to future-proof your electronics.<\/div><div class=\"ace-line ace-line old-record-id-ZAO6dXxFKoSRBgx4fbkcojWznCf\"><em><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/www.elepcb.com\/\">Contact us today<\/a> to reduce electrostatic discharge risk and get reliable PCB products!<\/strong><\/em><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-22189ec elementor-widget elementor-widget-spacer\" data-id=\"22189ec\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"spacer.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-spacer\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-spacer-inner\"><\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-ce510a3 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"ce510a3\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\"><b>FAQs<\/b><\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-6a9a7f61 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"6a9a7f61\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-707e06fe\" data-id=\"707e06fe\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-1edded77 elementor-widget elementor-widget-toggle\" data-id=\"1edded77\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"toggle.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-toggle\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-toggle-item\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-title-5171\" class=\"elementor-tab-title\" data-tab=\"1\" role=\"button\" aria-controls=\"elementor-tab-content-5171\" aria-expanded=\"false\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-toggle-icon elementor-toggle-icon-left\" aria-hidden=\"true\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-toggle-icon-closed\"><i class=\"fas fa-caret-right\"><\/i><\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-toggle-icon-opened\"><i class=\"elementor-toggle-icon-opened fas fa-caret-up\"><\/i><\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<a class=\"elementor-toggle-title\" tabindex=\"0\">Q1: How can ESD harm a PCB be identified? <\/a>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\n\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-content-5171\" class=\"elementor-tab-content elementor-clearfix\" data-tab=\"1\" role=\"region\" aria-labelledby=\"elementor-tab-title-5171\"><div data-page-id=\"CrCXdzoh9obrmAxPAzucOyoDnD4\" data-lark-html-role=\"root\" data-docx-has-block-data=\"false\"><div class=\"ace-line ace-line old-record-id-Gx3Sd5soxoboFqx3TnbcyXIYnZc\"><p>A1: While ESD damage most often goes unnoticed, it can lead to very small internal component failures within the integrated circuits or leave faint burn marks alongside cracked packages or open traces. The device can have functional issues like partial resets or total failure. Identifying issues usually requires the use of thermal imaging or scanning electron microscopes.<\/p><\/div><\/div><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-toggle-item\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-title-5172\" class=\"elementor-tab-title\" data-tab=\"2\" role=\"button\" aria-controls=\"elementor-tab-content-5172\" aria-expanded=\"false\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-toggle-icon elementor-toggle-icon-left\" aria-hidden=\"true\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-toggle-icon-closed\"><i class=\"fas fa-caret-right\"><\/i><\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-toggle-icon-opened\"><i class=\"elementor-toggle-icon-opened fas fa-caret-up\"><\/i><\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<a class=\"elementor-toggle-title\" tabindex=\"0\">Q2: Why does a circuit work during testing but fail later in the field?<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\n\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-content-5172\" class=\"elementor-tab-content elementor-clearfix\" data-tab=\"2\" role=\"region\" aria-labelledby=\"elementor-tab-title-5172\"><div data-page-id=\"K5cQdPyqAoIVz9xiCVzcrjK4n2e\" data-lark-html-role=\"root\" data-docx-has-block-data=\"false\"><div class=\" old-record-id-VIvSds1JnokGWWxGglucirLXn4O\"><div data-page-id=\"PzvadCyLxoGC6axfsi0cBB2BnWf\" data-lark-html-role=\"root\" data-docx-has-block-data=\"false\"><div class=\"ace-line ace-line old-record-id-XizidTe9soWkg0xX1N9cjCycnJd\"><div data-page-id=\"CrCXdzoh9obrmAxPAzucOyoDnD4\" data-lark-html-role=\"root\" data-docx-has-block-data=\"false\"><div class=\"ace-line ace-line old-record-id-M9qsd9CqzowDS2x2lqOcn1e8nEg\"><p>A2: The problem is likely a result of latent ESD damage\u2014small electrostatic discharges caused during production or handling may not lead to complete failure immediately, but they can compromise the internal architecture of the component. Electrical stress, when combined with the device\u2019s environmental conditions, will eventually exceed the weakened device\u2019s threshold and lead to failure.<\/p><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-toggle-item\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-title-5173\" class=\"elementor-tab-title\" data-tab=\"3\" role=\"button\" aria-controls=\"elementor-tab-content-5173\" aria-expanded=\"false\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-toggle-icon elementor-toggle-icon-left\" aria-hidden=\"true\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-toggle-icon-closed\"><i class=\"fas fa-caret-right\"><\/i><\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-toggle-icon-opened\"><i class=\"elementor-toggle-icon-opened fas fa-caret-up\"><\/i><\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<a class=\"elementor-toggle-title\" tabindex=\"0\">Q3: Which PCB region is the most vulnerable to Electrostatic Discharge (ESD) threats?<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\n\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-content-5173\" class=\"elementor-tab-content elementor-clearfix\" data-tab=\"3\" role=\"region\" aria-labelledby=\"elementor-tab-title-5173\"><div data-page-id=\"K5cQdPyqAoIVz9xiCVzcrjK4n2e\" data-lark-html-role=\"root\" data-docx-has-block-data=\"false\"><div class=\" old-record-id-VIvSds1JnokGWWxGglucirLXn4O\"><div data-page-id=\"PzvadCyLxoGC6axfsi0cBB2BnWf\" data-lark-html-role=\"root\" data-docx-has-block-data=\"false\"><div class=\"ace-line ace-line old-record-id-XizidTe9soWkg0xX1N9cjCycnJd\"><div data-page-id=\"CrCXdzoh9obrmAxPAzucOyoDnD4\" data-lark-html-role=\"root\" data-docx-has-block-data=\"false\"><div class=\"ace-line ace-line old-record-id-M9qsd9CqzowDS2x2lqOcn1e8nEg\"><div data-page-id=\"CrCXdzoh9obrmAxPAzucOyoDnD4\" data-lark-html-role=\"root\" data-docx-has-block-data=\"false\"><div class=\"ace-line ace-line old-record-id-KbOmdCjUlo25IgxqaLNcVo7pn7b\"><p>A3: ESD barriers are commonly found at the I\/O ports, USB ports, antennas, exposed pads, and test points. These regions of a PCB are the most vulnerable to ESD threats and therefore require ESD protection measures.<\/p><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-toggle-item\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-title-5174\" class=\"elementor-tab-title\" data-tab=\"4\" role=\"button\" aria-controls=\"elementor-tab-content-5174\" aria-expanded=\"false\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-toggle-icon elementor-toggle-icon-left\" aria-hidden=\"true\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-toggle-icon-closed\"><i class=\"fas fa-caret-right\"><\/i><\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-toggle-icon-opened\"><i class=\"elementor-toggle-icon-opened fas fa-caret-up\"><\/i><\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<a class=\"elementor-toggle-title\" tabindex=\"0\">Q4: Can ESD damage be mitigated by conformal coating alone?<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\n\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-content-5174\" class=\"elementor-tab-content elementor-clearfix\" data-tab=\"4\" role=\"region\" aria-labelledby=\"elementor-tab-title-5174\"><div data-page-id=\"K5cQdPyqAoIVz9xiCVzcrjK4n2e\" data-lark-html-role=\"root\" data-docx-has-block-data=\"false\"><div class=\" old-record-id-VIvSds1JnokGWWxGglucirLXn4O\"><div data-page-id=\"PzvadCyLxoGC6axfsi0cBB2BnWf\" data-lark-html-role=\"root\" data-docx-has-block-data=\"false\"><div class=\"ace-line ace-line old-record-id-XizidTe9soWkg0xX1N9cjCycnJd\"><div data-page-id=\"CrCXdzoh9obrmAxPAzucOyoDnD4\" data-lark-html-role=\"root\" data-docx-has-block-data=\"false\"><div class=\"ace-line ace-line old-record-id-M9qsd9CqzowDS2x2lqOcn1e8nEg\"><div data-page-id=\"CrCXdzoh9obrmAxPAzucOyoDnD4\" data-lark-html-role=\"root\" data-docx-has-block-data=\"false\"><div class=\"ace-line ace-line old-record-id-KbOmdCjUlo25IgxqaLNcVo7pn7b\">A4: Conformal coatings offer some dielectric isolation but, by themselves, do not fully mitigate ESD damage. They help minimize the intrusion of physical contacts, but voltage peaks remain unmitigated. Protection against ESD must integrate appropriate grounding, relevant circuitry (\u201cgrounding scheme\u201d), and physical layout components.<\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-72b68d12 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"72b68d12\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-46a34694\" data-id=\"46a34694\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-651c3920 elementor-widget elementor-widget-shortcode\" data-id=\"651c3920\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"shortcode.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-shortcode\">\t\t<div data-elementor-type=\"section\" data-elementor-id=\"2056\" class=\"elementor elementor-2056\" data-elementor-post-type=\"elementor_library\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-6012901 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"6012901\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-25 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-afac9b2\" data-id=\"afac9b2\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-b379375 elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"b379375\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<a href=\"https:\/\/www.elepcb.com\/pcb-products\/\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"768\" height=\"1024\" src=\"https:\/\/www.elepcb.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/03\/white-bg-2-768x1024.jpg\" class=\"attachment-large size-large wp-image-15779\" alt=\"pcb and pcba products 1\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.elepcb.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/03\/white-bg-2-768x1024.jpg 768w, https:\/\/www.elepcb.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/03\/white-bg-2-225x300.jpg 225w, 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\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0Whether you already have Gerber Files, submit a\u00a0Quick Quote\u00a0for free estimate.<\/p><\/div><\/form><\/div><\/div>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-5782c747 elementor-button-align-center elementor-widget elementor-widget-form\" data-id=\"5782c747\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-settings=\"{&quot;step_next_label&quot;:&quot;Next&quot;,&quot;step_previous_label&quot;:&quot;Previous&quot;,&quot;button_width&quot;:&quot;100&quot;,&quot;step_type&quot;:&quot;number_text&quot;,&quot;step_icon_shape&quot;:&quot;circle&quot;}\" data-widget_type=\"form.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<form class=\"elementor-form\" method=\"post\" name=\"New Form\" aria-label=\"New Form\">\n\t\t\t<input type=\"hidden\" name=\"post_id\" value=\"2056\"\/>\n\t\t\t<input type=\"hidden\" name=\"form_id\" value=\"5782c747\"\/>\n\t\t\t<input 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class=\"elementor-field-label\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\tEmail Address\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/label>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<input size=\"1\" type=\"email\" name=\"form_fields[message]\" id=\"form-field-message\" class=\"elementor-field elementor-size-sm  elementor-field-textual\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-field-type-tel elementor-field-group elementor-column elementor-field-group-field_373bda7 elementor-col-50\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<label for=\"form-field-field_373bda7\" class=\"elementor-field-label\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\tPhone Number\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/label>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<input size=\"1\" type=\"tel\" name=\"form_fields[field_373bda7]\" id=\"form-field-field_373bda7\" class=\"elementor-field elementor-size-sm  elementor-field-textual\" pattern=\"[0-9()#&amp;+*-=.]+\" title=\"Csak a sz\u00e1mok \u00e9s telefonkarakterek (#, -, * stb.) fogadhat\u00f3k el.\">\n\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-field-type-checkbox elementor-field-group elementor-column elementor-field-group-field_c168eb1 elementor-col-100\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<label for=\"form-field-field_c168eb1\" class=\"elementor-field-label\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\tI am interested in (select all that apply)\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/label>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-field-subgroup  elementor-subgroup-inline\"><span class=\"elementor-field-option\"><input type=\"checkbox\" value=\"Rigid PCBs\" id=\"form-field-field_c168eb1-0\" name=\"form_fields[field_c168eb1][]\"> <label for=\"form-field-field_c168eb1-0\">Rigid PCBs<\/label><\/span><span class=\"elementor-field-option\"><input type=\"checkbox\" value=\"Flexible Printed Circuit Boards\" id=\"form-field-field_c168eb1-1\" name=\"form_fields[field_c168eb1][]\"> <label for=\"form-field-field_c168eb1-1\">Flexible Printed Circuit Boards<\/label><\/span><span class=\"elementor-field-option\"><input type=\"checkbox\" value=\"Flexible Aluminum PCBs\" id=\"form-field-field_c168eb1-2\" name=\"form_fields[field_c168eb1][]\"> <label for=\"form-field-field_c168eb1-2\">Flexible Aluminum PCBs<\/label><\/span><span class=\"elementor-field-option\"><input type=\"checkbox\" value=\"Flexible PCB Microcircuits\" id=\"form-field-field_c168eb1-3\" name=\"form_fields[field_c168eb1][]\"> <label for=\"form-field-field_c168eb1-3\">Flexible PCB Microcircuits<\/label><\/span><span class=\"elementor-field-option\"><input type=\"checkbox\" value=\"Ultra-Thin Flexible PCBs\" id=\"form-field-field_c168eb1-4\" name=\"form_fields[field_c168eb1][]\"> <label for=\"form-field-field_c168eb1-4\">Ultra-Thin Flexible PCBs<\/label><\/span><span class=\"elementor-field-option\"><input type=\"checkbox\" value=\"Rigid-Flex\" id=\"form-field-field_c168eb1-5\" name=\"form_fields[field_c168eb1][]\"> <label for=\"form-field-field_c168eb1-5\">Rigid-Flex<\/label><\/span><span class=\"elementor-field-option\"><input type=\"checkbox\" value=\"Ceramic Printed Circuit Boards\" id=\"form-field-field_c168eb1-6\" name=\"form_fields[field_c168eb1][]\"> <label for=\"form-field-field_c168eb1-6\">Ceramic Printed Circuit Boards<\/label><\/span><span class=\"elementor-field-option\"><input type=\"checkbox\" value=\"Aluminum Printed Circuit Boards\" id=\"form-field-field_c168eb1-7\" name=\"form_fields[field_c168eb1][]\"> <label for=\"form-field-field_c168eb1-7\">Aluminum Printed Circuit Boards<\/label><\/span><span class=\"elementor-field-option\"><input type=\"checkbox\" value=\"Copper Core\" id=\"form-field-field_c168eb1-8\" name=\"form_fields[field_c168eb1][]\"> <label for=\"form-field-field_c168eb1-8\">Copper Core<\/label><\/span><span class=\"elementor-field-option\"><input type=\"checkbox\" value=\"IC Substrates &amp; Interposer\" id=\"form-field-field_c168eb1-9\" name=\"form_fields[field_c168eb1][]\"> <label for=\"form-field-field_c168eb1-9\">IC Substrates & Interposer<\/label><\/span><span class=\"elementor-field-option\"><input type=\"checkbox\" value=\"High TG PCBs\" id=\"form-field-field_c168eb1-10\" name=\"form_fields[field_c168eb1][]\"> <label for=\"form-field-field_c168eb1-10\">High TG PCBs<\/label><\/span><span class=\"elementor-field-option\"><input type=\"checkbox\" value=\"Heavy Copper\" id=\"form-field-field_c168eb1-11\" name=\"form_fields[field_c168eb1][]\"> <label for=\"form-field-field_c168eb1-11\">Heavy Copper<\/label><\/span><span class=\"elementor-field-option\"><input type=\"checkbox\" value=\"PCB Assembly\" id=\"form-field-field_c168eb1-12\" name=\"form_fields[field_c168eb1][]\"> <label for=\"form-field-field_c168eb1-12\">PCB Assembly<\/label><\/span><span class=\"elementor-field-option\"><input type=\"checkbox\" value=\"Components Sourcing\" id=\"form-field-field_c168eb1-13\" name=\"form_fields[field_c168eb1][]\"> <label for=\"form-field-field_c168eb1-13\">Components Sourcing<\/label><\/span><span class=\"elementor-field-option\"><input type=\"checkbox\" value=\"Other\" id=\"form-field-field_c168eb1-14\" name=\"form_fields[field_c168eb1][]\"> <label for=\"form-field-field_c168eb1-14\">Other<\/label><\/span><\/div>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-field-type-upload elementor-field-group elementor-column elementor-field-group-field_2cea676 elementor-col-100\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<label for=\"form-field-field_2cea676\" class=\"elementor-field-label\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\tUpload Your Files (Optional)\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/label>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<input type=\"file\" name=\"form_fields[field_2cea676]\" id=\"form-field-field_2cea676\" class=\"elementor-field elementor-size-sm  elementor-upload-field\">\n\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-field-type-textarea elementor-field-group elementor-column elementor-field-group-field_9ceb2c8 elementor-col-100\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<label for=\"form-field-field_9ceb2c8\" class=\"elementor-field-label\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\tMessage\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/label>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<textarea class=\"elementor-field-textual elementor-field  elementor-size-sm\" name=\"form_fields[field_9ceb2c8]\" id=\"form-field-field_9ceb2c8\" rows=\"4\"><\/textarea>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-field-group elementor-column elementor-field-type-submit elementor-col-100 e-form__buttons\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<button class=\"elementor-button elementor-size-sm\" type=\"submit\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-button-content-wrapper\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-button-text\">Submit<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/button>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/form>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-33 elementor-inner-column elementor-element elementor-element-123957a9\" data-id=\"123957a9\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Table of Contents Electrostatic Discharge (ESD) occurs when two static-charged objects unintentionally release electrostatic energy between them. It can occur due to direct contact between two objects, an electrical short, or a breakdown in a dielectric medium.For printed circuit boards, ESD can damage delicate components, disrupt signal flow, and cause permanent damage. Understanding how ESD [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":26,"featured_media":20879,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[44],"tags":[227],"class_list":["post-20838","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-blog","tag-pcb-issue"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.elepcb.com\/hu\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/20838","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.elepcb.com\/hu\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.elepcb.com\/hu\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.elepcb.com\/hu\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/26"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.elepcb.com\/hu\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=20838"}],"version-history":[{"count":11,"href":"https:\/\/www.elepcb.com\/hu\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/20838\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":20899,"href":"https:\/\/www.elepcb.com\/hu\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/20838\/revisions\/20899"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.elepcb.com\/hu\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/20879"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.elepcb.com\/hu\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=20838"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.elepcb.com\/hu\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=20838"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.elepcb.com\/hu\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=20838"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}