{"id":4382,"date":"2024-01-19T10:30:16","date_gmt":"2024-01-19T10:30:16","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/www.elepcb.com\/?p=4382"},"modified":"2025-10-11T15:43:51","modified_gmt":"2025-10-11T07:43:51","slug":"how-does-the-circuit-board-works","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.elepcb.com\/hu\/blog\/how-does-the-circuit-board-works\/","title":{"rendered":"Hogyan m\u0171k\u00f6dik az \u00e1ramk\u00f6ri lap? L\u00e9p\u00e9sr\u0151l l\u00e9p\u00e9sre t\u00f6rt\u00e9n\u0151 magyar\u00e1zat"},"content":{"rendered":"\t\t<div data-elementor-type=\"wp-page\" data-elementor-id=\"4382\" class=\"elementor elementor-4382\" data-elementor-post-type=\"post\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-5ae826d0 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"5ae826d0\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\" data-settings=\"{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-751e1027\" data-id=\"751e1027\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-75408882 elementor-toc--minimized-on-tablet elementor-widget elementor-widget-table-of-contents\" data-id=\"75408882\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-settings=\"{&quot;exclude_headings_by_selector&quot;:[],&quot;headings_by_tags&quot;:[&quot;h2&quot;,&quot;h3&quot;],&quot;no_headings_message&quot;:&quot;No headings were found on this page.&quot;,&quot;marker_view&quot;:&quot;numbers&quot;,&quot;minimize_box&quot;:&quot;yes&quot;,&quot;minimized_on&quot;:&quot;tablet&quot;,&quot;hierarchical_view&quot;:&quot;yes&quot;,&quot;min_height&quot;:{&quot;unit&quot;:&quot;px&quot;,&quot;size&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;sizes&quot;:[]},&quot;min_height_tablet&quot;:{&quot;unit&quot;:&quot;px&quot;,&quot;size&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;sizes&quot;:[]},&quot;min_height_mobile&quot;:{&quot;unit&quot;:&quot;px&quot;,&quot;size&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;sizes&quot;:[]}}\" data-widget_type=\"table-of-contents.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-toc__header\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<h4 class=\"elementor-toc__header-title\">\n\t\t\t\tTable of Contents\t\t\t<\/h4>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-toc__toggle-button elementor-toc__toggle-button--expand\" role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" aria-controls=\"elementor-toc__75408882\" aria-expanded=\"true\" aria-label=\"Apri l&#039;indice dei contenuti\"><i aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"fas fa-chevron-down\"><\/i><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-toc__toggle-button elementor-toc__toggle-button--collapse\" role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" aria-controls=\"elementor-toc__75408882\" aria-expanded=\"true\" aria-label=\"Chiudi l&#039;indice dei contenuti\"><i aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"fas fa-chevron-up\"><\/i><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-toc__75408882\" class=\"elementor-toc__body\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-toc__spinner-container\">\n\t\t\t\t<i class=\"elementor-toc__spinner eicon-animation-spin eicon-loading\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/i>\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-2a68d590 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"2a68d590\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div data-page-id=\"K5cQdPyqAoIVz9xiCVzcrjK4n2e\" data-lark-html-role=\"root\" data-docx-has-block-data=\"false\"><div data-page-id=\"K5cQdPyqAoIVz9xiCVzcrjK4n2e\" data-lark-html-role=\"root\" data-docx-has-block-data=\"false\"><div data-page-id=\"ZzVndCoYjoIIzhx50mjcQDcLnue\" data-lark-html-role=\"root\" data-docx-has-block-data=\"false\"><div data-page-id=\"SKC7dw5mIo9QKNxSgwPcggXAnRh\" data-lark-html-role=\"root\" data-docx-has-block-data=\"false\"><div data-page-id=\"BaAqdv8UmonE8ZxHyouc2xGbn6c\" data-lark-html-role=\"root\" data-docx-has-block-data=\"false\"><div class=\"ace-line ace-line old-record-id-Dr1edNdemonXW8xAUfpcwbIBnZf\"><div data-page-id=\"Yfpjdz2nnoNee2xzx7kc3J1jn4f\" data-lark-html-role=\"root\" data-docx-has-block-data=\"false\"><div class=\"ace-line ace-line old-record-id-NupydmTu4ofKJfxhDCgcRI8tnJc\">When we use mobile phones, laptops, or other modern electronic devices, we rarely consider the hidden green or black board within\u2014the printed circuit board. The primary function of a circuit board (PCB) is to provide mechanical support and electrical connections for <a href=\"https:\/\/www.elepcb.com\/blog\/pcb-components-sourcing\/\">electronic components<\/a>, resulting in a complete circuit system. The way it works can be understood as <span style=\"color: #008000;\">&#8220;the urban transportation network for electronic components.&#8221;<\/span><\/div><\/div><p>In this article, we will go over\u00a0<strong>how circuit boards work<\/strong>, and how they are used in medical industry. There is also a quick guide on how to disassemble the broken PCB and troubleshoot.<\/p><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-9d6334a elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"9d6334a\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-708b630\" data-id=\"708b630\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-a347c3d elementor-widget elementor-widget-spacer\" data-id=\"a347c3d\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"spacer.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-spacer\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-spacer-inner\"><\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-3adef51 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"3adef51\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-413df67\" data-id=\"413df67\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-0a98ea7 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"0a98ea7\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\"><b>What Is a Circuit Board?<\/b><\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-f9be6a8 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"f9be6a8\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div data-page-id=\"Yfpjdz2nnoNee2xzx7kc3J1jn4f\" data-lark-html-role=\"root\" data-docx-has-block-data=\"false\"><div class=\"ace-line ace-line old-record-id-XFWPdZrVxo4oUlxLbcIcwdKFn3e\">A <a href=\"https:\/\/www.elepcb.com\/pcb-manufacturing-process-and-services\/\" data-lark-is-custom=\"true\">Printed Circuit Board<\/a> (PCB) is also referred to as circuit board. These boards are thin boards that carry electronic components to be connected to each other. While circuit boards commonly feature a green surface, they actually incorporate multiple layers of copper wiring and non-conductive insulating materials.<\/div><div class=\"ace-line ace-line old-record-id-SHdqdUODFomUjOxIhhpc69C1nac\">PCBs primarily consist of two components:<\/div><ul><li class=\"ace-line ace-line old-record-id-SPDRdr4DkoktE5xoN8qc45mWnob\"><strong>Conductive layer:<\/strong> Made of copper, used to transmit electrical signals.<\/li><li class=\"ace-line ace-line old-record-id-STNBdQP38o2PgBxJfjlczkrQnRg\"><strong>Insulating layer:<\/strong> Made of fiberglass and epoxy resin, ensuring no electrical short circuits occur between different conductors.<\/li><\/ul><div class=\"ace-line ace-line old-record-id-W1Mad2irko67EdxQWFIcAn4inSc\">The circuit board provides support and effective blocking for all components mounted on its surface, and the lines in the center of the board provide a platform for communication and cooperation between components.<\/div><\/div>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-068d8f4 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"068d8f4\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\"><b>How Does a Circuit Board Work?<\/b><\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-dca6fd8 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"dca6fd8\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div data-page-id=\"Yfpjdz2nnoNee2xzx7kc3J1jn4f\" data-lark-html-role=\"root\" data-docx-has-block-data=\"false\"><div class=\"ace-line ace-line old-record-id-KA4td2PJHobC7IxAKTucBK8hndh\">The primary function of a circuit board is to create pre-established electrical connections. <a href=\"https:\/\/www.elepcb.com\/blog\/pcb-knowledge\/pcb-trace-thickness\/\">Copper traces<\/a>\u2014patterns of copper foil\u2014applied atop an insulating substrate (usually fiberglass epoxy) allow for preset electrical connections on circuit boards. This eliminates untidy traditional wire, allowing for accurate and dependable connections between various electronic components in accordance with circuit design criteria.<\/div><ul><li class=\"ace-line ace-line old-record-id-G4ridq5pMoXRXZxn6NmcRvrqnwe\"><strong>Current Path:<\/strong> When turned on, current flows from the power supply through the intended copper lines, passing through resistors, capacitors, and <a href=\"https:\/\/www.elepcb.com\/blog\/printed-circuit-board-types-and-their-uses\/\">integrated circuits<\/a> (ICs) to execute specific functions (e.g., amplifying signals, processing data, driving displays). It then reconnects to the <a href=\"https:\/\/www.elepcb.com\/pcb-products\/power-supply-pcb\/\">power supply<\/a>, completing the closed circuit.<\/li><li class=\"ace-line ace-line old-record-id-EP0cdxZpYokQcgxOrZNcC0M0n3d\"><strong>Signal Transmission:<\/strong> In addition to power delivery, copper traces transport a variety of electrical signals. These signals flow between components, allowing them to communicate and collaborate.<\/li><\/ul><\/div>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-6244344 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"6244344\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h3 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\"><b>Detailed Workflow (With a Simple LED Circuit as an Example)<\/b><\/h3>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-4a93fcf elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"4a93fcf\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div data-page-id=\"Yfpjdz2nnoNee2xzx7kc3J1jn4f\" data-lark-html-role=\"root\" data-docx-has-block-data=\"false\"><ul><li class=\"ace-line ace-line old-record-id-Q74YdW4TsoSNHExukiRcgYTRnpe\"><strong>Power Input:<\/strong> Electrical power (e.g., 3.3V) enters the circuit board&#8217;s power connector and is routed through copper traces.<\/li><li class=\"ace-line ace-line old-record-id-X00ZdNAA8o7xHnxPDlGcQEiFnNf\"><strong>Current Limitation:<\/strong> Current passes through the resistor&#8217;s pad and into its body. The resistor confines current to its resistance value (e.g., \u03a9), preventing excessive current from harming downstream components.<\/li><li class=\"ace-line ace-line old-record-id-Vq9ydDfMBodn2wxTMOKc98Ahn5d\"><strong>Driven Component:<\/strong> A safe current flows through copper traces to the LED&#8217;s anode (positive terminal), then to the <a href=\"https:\/\/www.elepcb.com\/pcb-products\/led-pcb-board\/\">LED<\/a> chip.<\/li><li class=\"ace-line ace-line old-record-id-G0lGdbzdPoXdORx2qAMcWapjnLg\"><strong>Functionality:<\/strong> This current causes the LED chip to emit light, hence performing the &#8220;illumination&#8221; function.<\/li><li class=\"ace-line ace-line old-record-id-UfOBdIgFaowsjxxDxYGc0NvJnuc\"><strong>Closed Loop Formation:<\/strong> Current exits the LED&#8217;s cathode (negative terminal), travels through another copper trace, and finally returns to the power supply&#8217;s ground wire (GND), completing a closed circuit.<\/li><\/ul><div class=\"ace-line ace-line old-record-id-A4p1dyb58oQyEUx7wsScDa9Tntc\">The principle remains the same for complex computer motherboards or mobile phone circuit boards, but on a massive scale. Millions of components, including CPUs, memory modules, and power management chips, are interconnected through intricate, multi-layer copper traces. These components work together at high speeds, guided by software instructions, to process huge amounts of data and exchange signals.<\/div><\/div>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-e13281c elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"e13281c\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\"><b>Composition of a Circuit Board<\/b><\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-0b094fd elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"0b094fd\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div data-page-id=\"Yfpjdz2nnoNee2xzx7kc3J1jn4f\" data-lark-html-role=\"root\" data-docx-has-block-data=\"false\"><div class=\"ace-line ace-line old-record-id-LvGOdEQldoDKKbx2JjAcNHcanQe\">Generally, a printed circuit board has three main parts: <strong>substrate<\/strong><strong>, traces, and components<\/strong>.<\/div><ul><li class=\"ace-line ace-line old-record-id-LvGOdEQldoDKKbx2JjAcNHcanQe\">The base is the board itself, typically made of a non-conductive material such as <a href=\"https:\/\/www.elepcb.com\/blog\/guide-to-pcb-materials-and-features-of-fr-4-pcb-material\/\" data-lark-is-custom=\"true\">fiberglass<\/a> or epoxy resin. The stand provides a platform for mounting and connecting components.<\/li><li class=\"ace-line ace-line old-record-id-LvGOdEQldoDKKbx2JjAcNHcanQe\">Traces are conductors on the board made of conductive materials, usually copper. The traces connect the components on the board to form a complete circuit capable of performing complex tasks.<\/li><li class=\"ace-line ace-line old-record-id-LvGOdEQldoDKKbx2JjAcNHcanQe\">The components on each circuit board are themselves critical to making those boards work and transferring power or energy.<\/li><\/ul><div class=\"ace-line ace-line old-record-id-LaaDdEEe3oZLUVxlS3Ica0tSn8y\">The following table shows the various small components that are also present in PCBs\uff1a<\/div><\/div>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-14be547 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"14be547\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div data-page-id=\"Yfpjdz2nnoNee2xzx7kc3J1jn4f\" data-lark-html-role=\"root\" data-docx-has-block-data=\"true\"><h3 class=\"heading-3 ace-line old-record-id-LWNxdwmf1obci7xnrOjcF65cnTc\"><strong>Table: Key Components and Their Functions in a <\/strong><strong>PCB<\/strong><\/h3><div class=\" old-record-id-FZ4tdhKpSoqYzKxTghUcUJgxnfx\" data-type=\"sheet\"><table><colgroup> <col width=\"156\" \/> <col width=\"380\" \/> <col width=\"246\" \/><\/colgroup><tbody><tr><td><strong>Component<\/strong><\/td><td><strong>Description<\/strong><\/td><td><strong>Analogy \/ Function Example<\/strong><\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Substrate (Insulating Base)<\/td><td>Usually made of <a href=\"https:\/\/www.elepcb.com\/blog\/what-is-fr-4-material-in-pcb-fabrication\/\">FR-4<\/a> fiberglass epoxy resin, it provides mechanical support and electrical insulation, preventing short circuits.<\/td><td data-sheet-value=\"[{&quot;type&quot;:&quot;text&quot;,&quot;text&quot;:&quot;Acts like the &quot;},{&quot;type&quot;:&quot;text&quot;,&quot;style&quot;:{&quot;font&quot;:&quot;bold 10pt\/1.5 MonospacedNumber, LarkHackSafariFont, LarkEmojiFont, LarkChineseQuote, -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, \\&quot;Helvetica Neue\\&quot;, Tahoma, \\&quot;PingFang SC\\&quot;, \\&quot;Microsoft Yahei\\&quot;, Arial, \\&quot;Hiragino Sans GB\\&quot;, sans-serif, \\&quot;Apple Color Emoji\\&quot;, \\&quot;Segoe UI Emoji\\&quot;, \\&quot;Segoe UI Symbol\\&quot;, \\&quot;Noto Color Emoji\\&quot;&quot;,&quot;foreColor&quot;:&quot;rgb(0, 0, 0)&quot;},&quot;text&quot;:&quot;foundation or skeleton&quot;},{&quot;type&quot;:&quot;text&quot;,&quot;text&quot;:&quot; of the PCB, holding everything together.&quot;}]\">Acts like the foundation or skeleton of the PCB, holding everything together.<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Copper Layer<\/td><td>A conductive layer etched into specific trace patterns to connect components and transmit signals or power. Found in single-, double-, or multi-layer PCBs.<\/td><td data-sheet-value=\"[{&quot;type&quot;:&quot;text&quot;,&quot;text&quot;:&quot;Works like &quot;},{&quot;type&quot;:&quot;text&quot;,&quot;style&quot;:{&quot;font&quot;:&quot;bold 10pt\/1.5 MonospacedNumber, LarkHackSafariFont, LarkEmojiFont, LarkChineseQuote, -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, \\&quot;Helvetica Neue\\&quot;, Tahoma, \\&quot;PingFang SC\\&quot;, \\&quot;Microsoft Yahei\\&quot;, Arial, \\&quot;Hiragino Sans GB\\&quot;, sans-serif, \\&quot;Apple Color Emoji\\&quot;, \\&quot;Segoe UI Emoji\\&quot;, \\&quot;Segoe UI Symbol\\&quot;, \\&quot;Noto Color Emoji\\&quot;&quot;,&quot;foreColor&quot;:&quot;rgb(0, 0, 0)&quot;},&quot;text&quot;:&quot;electrical highways&quot;},{&quot;type&quot;:&quot;text&quot;,&quot;text&quot;:&quot; that carry current between components.&quot;}]\">Works like electrical highways that carry current between components.<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Pads<\/td><td>Exposed copper areas on the board where component leads are soldered.<\/td><td data-sheet-value=\"[{&quot;type&quot;:&quot;text&quot;,&quot;text&quot;:&quot;Serve as &quot;},{&quot;type&quot;:&quot;text&quot;,&quot;style&quot;:{&quot;font&quot;:&quot;bold 10pt\/1.5 MonospacedNumber, LarkHackSafariFont, LarkEmojiFont, LarkChineseQuote, -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, \\&quot;Helvetica Neue\\&quot;, Tahoma, \\&quot;PingFang SC\\&quot;, \\&quot;Microsoft Yahei\\&quot;, Arial, \\&quot;Hiragino Sans GB\\&quot;, sans-serif, \\&quot;Apple Color Emoji\\&quot;, \\&quot;Segoe UI Emoji\\&quot;, \\&quot;Segoe UI Symbol\\&quot;, \\&quot;Noto Color Emoji\\&quot;&quot;,&quot;foreColor&quot;:&quot;rgb(0, 0, 0)&quot;},&quot;text&quot;:&quot;connection points&quot;},{&quot;type&quot;:&quot;text&quot;,&quot;text&quot;:&quot; \u2014 like sockets that anchor each component.&quot;}]\">Serve as connection points \u2014 like sockets that anchor each component.<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Silkscreen Layer<\/td><td>Printed text and symbols (e.g., R1, C2, IC3) that label component positions and orientations.<\/td><td data-sheet-value=\"[{&quot;type&quot;:&quot;text&quot;,&quot;text&quot;:&quot;Functions as the &quot;},{&quot;type&quot;:&quot;text&quot;,&quot;style&quot;:{&quot;font&quot;:&quot;bold 10pt\/1.5 MonospacedNumber, LarkHackSafariFont, LarkEmojiFont, LarkChineseQuote, -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, \\&quot;Helvetica Neue\\&quot;, Tahoma, \\&quot;PingFang SC\\&quot;, \\&quot;Microsoft Yahei\\&quot;, Arial, \\&quot;Hiragino Sans GB\\&quot;, sans-serif, \\&quot;Apple Color Emoji\\&quot;, \\&quot;Segoe UI Emoji\\&quot;, \\&quot;Segoe UI Symbol\\&quot;, \\&quot;Noto Color Emoji\\&quot;&quot;,&quot;foreColor&quot;:&quot;rgb(0, 0, 0)&quot;},&quot;text&quot;:&quot;labeling system or map legend&quot;},{&quot;type&quot;:&quot;text&quot;,&quot;text&quot;:&quot; of the PCB.&quot;}]\">Functions as the labeling system or map legend of the PCB.<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Solder Mask<\/td><td>A green (or other colored) insulating coating covering copper traces to prevent short circuits and oxidation during soldering.<\/td><td data-sheet-value=\"[{&quot;type&quot;:&quot;text&quot;,&quot;text&quot;:&quot;Acts like a &quot;},{&quot;type&quot;:&quot;text&quot;,&quot;style&quot;:{&quot;font&quot;:&quot;bold 10pt\/1.5 MonospacedNumber, LarkHackSafariFont, LarkEmojiFont, LarkChineseQuote, -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, \\&quot;Helvetica Neue\\&quot;, Tahoma, \\&quot;PingFang SC\\&quot;, \\&quot;Microsoft Yahei\\&quot;, Arial, \\&quot;Hiragino Sans GB\\&quot;, sans-serif, \\&quot;Apple Color Emoji\\&quot;, \\&quot;Segoe UI Emoji\\&quot;, \\&quot;Segoe UI Symbol\\&quot;, \\&quot;Noto Color Emoji\\&quot;&quot;,&quot;foreColor&quot;:&quot;rgb(0, 0, 0)&quot;},&quot;text&quot;:&quot;protective shield or skin&quot;},{&quot;type&quot;:&quot;text&quot;,&quot;text&quot;:&quot; for the copper layer.&quot;}]\">Acts like a protective shield or skin for the copper layer.<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Vias<\/td><td>Metal-plated holes that connect copper traces between different PCB layers.<\/td><td data-sheet-value=\"[{&quot;type&quot;:&quot;text&quot;,&quot;text&quot;:&quot;Serve as &quot;},{&quot;type&quot;:&quot;text&quot;,&quot;style&quot;:{&quot;font&quot;:&quot;bold 10pt\/1.5 MonospacedNumber, LarkHackSafariFont, LarkEmojiFont, LarkChineseQuote, -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, \\&quot;Helvetica Neue\\&quot;, Tahoma, \\&quot;PingFang SC\\&quot;, \\&quot;Microsoft Yahei\\&quot;, Arial, \\&quot;Hiragino Sans GB\\&quot;, sans-serif, \\&quot;Apple Color Emoji\\&quot;, \\&quot;Segoe UI Emoji\\&quot;, \\&quot;Segoe UI Symbol\\&quot;, \\&quot;Noto Color Emoji\\&quot;&quot;,&quot;foreColor&quot;:&quot;rgb(0, 0, 0)&quot;},&quot;text&quot;:&quot;vertical tunnels&quot;},{&quot;type&quot;:&quot;text&quot;,&quot;text&quot;:&quot; allowing signals to travel between layers.&quot;}]\">Serve as vertical tunnels allowing signals to travel between layers.<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Electronic Components<\/td><td>Resistors, capacitors, ICs, and other devices soldered onto pads to perform circuit functions.<\/td><td data-sheet-value=\"[{&quot;type&quot;:&quot;text&quot;,&quot;text&quot;:&quot;The &quot;},{&quot;type&quot;:&quot;text&quot;,&quot;style&quot;:{&quot;font&quot;:&quot;bold 10pt\/1.5 MonospacedNumber, LarkHackSafariFont, LarkEmojiFont, LarkChineseQuote, -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, \\&quot;Helvetica Neue\\&quot;, Tahoma, \\&quot;PingFang SC\\&quot;, \\&quot;Microsoft Yahei\\&quot;, Arial, \\&quot;Hiragino Sans GB\\&quot;, sans-serif, \\&quot;Apple Color Emoji\\&quot;, \\&quot;Segoe UI Emoji\\&quot;, \\&quot;Segoe UI Symbol\\&quot;, \\&quot;Noto Color Emoji\\&quot;&quot;,&quot;foreColor&quot;:&quot;rgb(0, 0, 0)&quot;},&quot;text&quot;:&quot;organs or brain&quot;},{&quot;type&quot;:&quot;text&quot;,&quot;text&quot;:&quot; of the circuit \u2014 enabling it to process and function.&quot;}]\">The organs or brain of the circuit \u2014 enabling it to process and function.<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/div><\/div>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-ca1a546 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"ca1a546\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h3 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\"><b>How Do These Parts Work on a Circuit Board?<\/b><\/h3>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-42b1d3f elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"42b1d3f\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img fetchpriority=\"high\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"500\" height=\"266\" src=\"https:\/\/www.elepcb.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/08\/Typical-use-of-green-PCB-1-e1717731673761.png\" class=\"attachment-full size-full wp-image-3903\" alt=\"\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.elepcb.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/08\/Typical-use-of-green-PCB-1-e1717731673761.png 500w, https:\/\/www.elepcb.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/08\/Typical-use-of-green-PCB-1-e1717731673761-300x160.png 300w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 500px) 100vw, 500px\">\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-f1fe252 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"f1fe252\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p><b>\u2022\u00a0 <a href=\"https:\/\/www.elepcb.com\/blog\/how-to-read-resistor-color-codes\/\">Resistors<\/a><\/b> are one of the most critical components for circuit boards to work because they transmit current to generate voltage and dissipate power in the form of heat.<\/p><p><b>\u2022\u00a0 Transistors<\/b> are used to switch or control electronic signals on a circuit board. During the life of a circuit board, other parts of the board sometimes require more energy or charge.<\/p><p><b>\u2022\u00a0 Capacitors<\/b> retain charge within the circuit board and release it when this power is needed elsewhere.<\/p><p><b>\u2022\u00a0 Inductors<\/b> store energy within the board in the form of a magnetic field when current flows through them. They are often used to block signals within the circuit board, such as interference from other electronic devices or equipment.<\/p><p>\u2022\u00a0 <b>Diodes<\/b> are devices that allow current to flow in one direction but not the other, and can be used to stop current from flowing through the board in the wrong direction, which can lead to damage.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-2a72d30 elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"2a72d30\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img decoding=\"async\" width=\"800\" height=\"441\" src=\"https:\/\/www.elepcb.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/01\/printed-circuit-board-does-not-work-e1717731790261-1024x565.jpeg\" class=\"attachment-large size-large wp-image-4793\" alt=\"Printed Circuit Board Does Not Work\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.elepcb.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/01\/printed-circuit-board-does-not-work-e1717731790261-1024x565.jpeg 1024w, https:\/\/www.elepcb.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/01\/printed-circuit-board-does-not-work-e1717731790261-300x165.jpeg 300w, https:\/\/www.elepcb.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/01\/printed-circuit-board-does-not-work-e1717731790261-768x424.jpeg 768w, https:\/\/www.elepcb.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/01\/printed-circuit-board-does-not-work-e1717731790261-1536x847.jpeg 1536w, https:\/\/www.elepcb.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/01\/printed-circuit-board-does-not-work-e1717731790261.jpeg 1880w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-f6f628c elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"f6f628c\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-3cee918e\" data-id=\"3cee918e\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-54d2d9d elementor-widget elementor-widget-spacer\" data-id=\"54d2d9d\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"spacer.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-spacer\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-spacer-inner\"><\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-99e00cf elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"99e00cf\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\"><b>How to Take Troubleshooting <br>When Circuit Boards Do Not Work?<\/b><\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-2e1d4b1 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"2e1d4b1\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>If the PCB does not work, there are several steps you can take to troubleshoot.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-b848409 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"b848409\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>1.\u00a0<b>Identify the symptoms<\/b>: Observe and describe the symptoms, such as no power, no output, wrong output, or erratic behavior. The symptoms can help to narrow down the possible causes and locations of the failure.<\/p><p>2.\u00a0<b>Locate the fault<\/b>: Use various tools and methods, such as visual inspection, multimeter, oscilloscope, or logic analyzer to inspect the circuit board. The board is checked for any signs of physical or electrical damage, such as cracks, burns, or shorts, and the components and the traces are measured for their values, voltages, currents, or signals. The fault is located by following the circuit from the power supply to the input and output ports, and isolating the faulty component or trace.<\/p><p>3.\u00a0<b>Repair or replace the fault<\/b>: Depending on the severity and type of the fault, the board is repaired by using various tools and methods, such as a soldering iron, desoldering pump, or solder wick. The faulty component or trace is removed, cleaned, or reconnected. The board is replaced by ordering a new board from <a href=\"https:\/\/www.elepcb.com\/blog\/top-10-china-pcb-manufacturers\/\" data-lark-is-custom=\"true\">the manufacturer<\/a> or a supplier, or by making a new board from scratch.<\/p><p>4.\u00a0<b>Verify the solution<\/b>: The board is tested again for functionality and performance, and the problem is verified to be solved. The circuit board is checked for any errors or defects, and the components and the traces are measured again for their values, voltages, currents, or signals. The PCB is then installed in the device and operated normally, and the results are observed and compared with the expected results.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-fa471db elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"fa471db\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>In conclusion, PCBs can fail for various reasons. Troubleshooting circuit board failures involves identifying, locating, repairing, or replacing the fault, and verifying the solution.<\/p><p>If you would like to learn more about how PCBs work, what they are made of, or how <a href=\"https:\/\/www.elepcb.com\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">ELEPCB<\/a> can help you with your project, please contact us for more information. We have a good industry reputation and years of knowledge with PCB manufacture. Work with us to design PCBs that ensure reliability and precision, and take your product to the next level.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-ed8d6b0 elementor-arrows-position-inside elementor-pagination-position-outside elementor-widget elementor-widget-image-carousel\" data-id=\"ed8d6b0\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-settings=\"{&quot;navigation&quot;:&quot;both&quot;,&quot;autoplay&quot;:&quot;yes&quot;,&quot;pause_on_hover&quot;:&quot;yes&quot;,&quot;pause_on_interaction&quot;:&quot;yes&quot;,&quot;autoplay_speed&quot;:5000,&quot;infinite&quot;:&quot;yes&quot;,&quot;speed&quot;:500}\" data-widget_type=\"image-carousel.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-image-carousel-wrapper swiper\" role=\"region\" aria-roledescription=\"carousel\" aria-label=\"Image Carousel\" dir=\"ltr\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-image-carousel 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elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-b379375 elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"b379375\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<a href=\"https:\/\/www.elepcb.com\/pcb-products\/\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img decoding=\"async\" width=\"768\" height=\"1024\" src=\"https:\/\/www.elepcb.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/03\/white-bg-2-768x1024.jpg\" class=\"attachment-large size-large wp-image-15779\" alt=\"pcb and pcba products 1\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.elepcb.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/03\/white-bg-2-768x1024.jpg 768w, https:\/\/www.elepcb.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/03\/white-bg-2-225x300.jpg 225w, https:\/\/www.elepcb.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/03\/white-bg-2-1152x1536.jpg 1152w, https:\/\/www.elepcb.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/03\/white-bg-2-1536x2048.jpg 1536w, https:\/\/www.elepcb.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/03\/white-bg-2-scaled.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 768px) 100vw, 768px\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-50 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-8968fc1\" data-id=\"8968fc1\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-c0c3b5d elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"c0c3b5d\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<a href=\"https:\/\/www.elepcb.com\/contact-us\/\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"800\" height=\"534\" src=\"https:\/\/www.elepcb.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/03\/contact-us-1024x683.jpg\" class=\"attachment-large size-large wp-image-15819\" alt=\"contact us\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.elepcb.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/03\/contact-us-1024x683.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/www.elepcb.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/03\/contact-us-300x200.jpg 300w, https:\/\/www.elepcb.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/03\/contact-us-768x512.jpg 768w, https:\/\/www.elepcb.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/03\/contact-us-1536x1024.jpg 1536w, https:\/\/www.elepcb.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/03\/contact-us-2048x1365.jpg 2048w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-25 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-a17958a\" data-id=\"a17958a\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-4326577 elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"4326577\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<a href=\"https:\/\/www.elepcb.com\/pcb-products\/\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"768\" height=\"1024\" src=\"https:\/\/www.elepcb.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/03\/white-bg-1-768x1024.jpg\" class=\"attachment-large size-large wp-image-15778\" alt=\"pcb and pcba products 2\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.elepcb.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/03\/white-bg-1-768x1024.jpg 768w, https:\/\/www.elepcb.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/03\/white-bg-1-225x300.jpg 225w, https:\/\/www.elepcb.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/03\/white-bg-1-1152x1536.jpg 1152w, https:\/\/www.elepcb.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/03\/white-bg-1-1536x2048.jpg 1536w, https:\/\/www.elepcb.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/03\/white-bg-1-scaled.jpg 1921w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 768px) 100vw, 768px\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-3dd32bd7 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"3dd32bd7\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-30e73de5\" data-id=\"30e73de5\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-inner-section elementor-element elementor-element-6e6f562b elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"6e6f562b\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\" data-settings=\"{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-33 elementor-inner-column elementor-element elementor-element-1aae434c\" data-id=\"1aae434c\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-33 elementor-inner-column elementor-element elementor-element-7de62f23\" data-id=\"7de62f23\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-225d5b79 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"225d5b79\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p style=\"font-family: Oswald, sans-serif; margin: 0px; padding: 0px 0px 10px; line-height: 1.125em; font-size: 32px; text-transform: uppercase; text-align: center; color: #0a1f34;\">CONTACT US<\/p><div class=\"textwidget\"><div id=\"wpcf7-f5-p60-o1\" class=\"wpcf7\" dir=\"ltr\" lang=\"en-US\" role=\"form\"><div class=\"screen-reader-response\" style=\"position: absolute; width: 1px; height: 1px; margin: -1px; padding: 0px; overflow: hidden; clip: rect(0px, 0px, 0px, 0px); border: 0px;\"><p style=\"font-size: 15px; line-height: 1.58em; margin-right: auto; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: auto; padding: 25px 0px 15px; text-align: center; max-width: 846px;\" role=\"status\" aria-live=\"polite\" aria-atomic=\"true\">\u00a0<\/p><\/div><form id=\"cf7-form-5\" class=\"wpcf7-form init cf7mls-no-scroll cf7mls-no-moving-animation\" style=\"position: relative; overflow: hidden;\" action=\"https:\/\/www.mclpcb.com\/capabilities\/#wpcf7-f5-p60-o1\" method=\"post\" novalidate=\"novalidate\" data-status=\"init\" data-fx-id=\"1587946425258918\"><div class=\"contact-inner\" style=\"max-width: 846px; margin: 0px auto;\"><p style=\"font-size: 15px; line-height: 1.58em; margin-right: auto; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: auto; padding: 25px 0px 15px; text-align: center; max-width: 846px;\">We provide technical expertise form prototype through production, increasing speed to market by 20%.<\/p><p>\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0Contact us below to start discussing your project with our Technical Experts today.<\/p><p>\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0Whether you already have Gerber Files, submit a\u00a0Quick Quote\u00a0for free estimate.<\/p><\/div><\/form><\/div><\/div>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-5782c747 elementor-button-align-center elementor-widget elementor-widget-form\" data-id=\"5782c747\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-settings=\"{&quot;step_next_label&quot;:&quot;Next&quot;,&quot;step_previous_label&quot;:&quot;Previous&quot;,&quot;button_width&quot;:&quot;100&quot;,&quot;step_type&quot;:&quot;number_text&quot;,&quot;step_icon_shape&quot;:&quot;circle&quot;}\" data-widget_type=\"form.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<form class=\"elementor-form\" method=\"post\" name=\"New Form\" aria-label=\"New Form\">\n\t\t\t<input type=\"hidden\" name=\"post_id\" value=\"2056\"\/>\n\t\t\t<input type=\"hidden\" name=\"form_id\" value=\"5782c747\"\/>\n\t\t\t<input type=\"hidden\" name=\"referer_title\" value=\"An Ultimate Guide to PCB Inspection Methods-ELE PCB\" \/>\n\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<input type=\"hidden\" name=\"queried_id\" value=\"4187\"\/>\n\t\t\t\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-form-fields-wrapper elementor-labels-above\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-field-type-text elementor-field-group elementor-column elementor-field-group-name elementor-col-100\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<label for=\"form-field-name\" class=\"elementor-field-label\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\tYour Name\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/label>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<input size=\"1\" type=\"text\" name=\"form_fields[name]\" id=\"form-field-name\" class=\"elementor-field elementor-size-sm  elementor-field-textual\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-field-type-email elementor-field-group elementor-column elementor-field-group-message elementor-col-50\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<label for=\"form-field-message\" class=\"elementor-field-label\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\tEmail Address\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/label>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<input size=\"1\" type=\"email\" name=\"form_fields[message]\" id=\"form-field-message\" class=\"elementor-field elementor-size-sm  elementor-field-textual\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-field-type-tel elementor-field-group elementor-column elementor-field-group-field_373bda7 elementor-col-50\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<label for=\"form-field-field_373bda7\" class=\"elementor-field-label\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\tPhone Number\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/label>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<input size=\"1\" type=\"tel\" name=\"form_fields[field_373bda7]\" id=\"form-field-field_373bda7\" class=\"elementor-field elementor-size-sm  elementor-field-textual\" pattern=\"[0-9()#&amp;+*-=.]+\" title=\"Csak a sz\u00e1mok \u00e9s telefonkarakterek (#, -, * stb.) fogadhat\u00f3k el.\">\n\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-field-type-checkbox elementor-field-group elementor-column elementor-field-group-field_c168eb1 elementor-col-100\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<label for=\"form-field-field_c168eb1\" class=\"elementor-field-label\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\tI am interested in (select all that apply)\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/label>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-field-subgroup  elementor-subgroup-inline\"><span class=\"elementor-field-option\"><input type=\"checkbox\" value=\"Rigid PCBs\" id=\"form-field-field_c168eb1-0\" name=\"form_fields[field_c168eb1][]\"> <label for=\"form-field-field_c168eb1-0\">Rigid PCBs<\/label><\/span><span class=\"elementor-field-option\"><input type=\"checkbox\" value=\"Flexible Printed Circuit Boards\" id=\"form-field-field_c168eb1-1\" name=\"form_fields[field_c168eb1][]\"> <label for=\"form-field-field_c168eb1-1\">Flexible Printed Circuit Boards<\/label><\/span><span class=\"elementor-field-option\"><input type=\"checkbox\" value=\"Flexible Aluminum PCBs\" id=\"form-field-field_c168eb1-2\" name=\"form_fields[field_c168eb1][]\"> <label for=\"form-field-field_c168eb1-2\">Flexible Aluminum PCBs<\/label><\/span><span class=\"elementor-field-option\"><input type=\"checkbox\" value=\"Flexible PCB Microcircuits\" id=\"form-field-field_c168eb1-3\" name=\"form_fields[field_c168eb1][]\"> <label for=\"form-field-field_c168eb1-3\">Flexible PCB Microcircuits<\/label><\/span><span class=\"elementor-field-option\"><input type=\"checkbox\" value=\"Ultra-Thin Flexible PCBs\" id=\"form-field-field_c168eb1-4\" name=\"form_fields[field_c168eb1][]\"> <label for=\"form-field-field_c168eb1-4\">Ultra-Thin Flexible PCBs<\/label><\/span><span class=\"elementor-field-option\"><input type=\"checkbox\" value=\"Rigid-Flex\" id=\"form-field-field_c168eb1-5\" name=\"form_fields[field_c168eb1][]\"> <label for=\"form-field-field_c168eb1-5\">Rigid-Flex<\/label><\/span><span class=\"elementor-field-option\"><input type=\"checkbox\" value=\"Ceramic Printed Circuit Boards\" id=\"form-field-field_c168eb1-6\" name=\"form_fields[field_c168eb1][]\"> <label for=\"form-field-field_c168eb1-6\">Ceramic Printed Circuit Boards<\/label><\/span><span class=\"elementor-field-option\"><input type=\"checkbox\" value=\"Aluminum Printed Circuit Boards\" id=\"form-field-field_c168eb1-7\" name=\"form_fields[field_c168eb1][]\"> <label for=\"form-field-field_c168eb1-7\">Aluminum Printed Circuit Boards<\/label><\/span><span class=\"elementor-field-option\"><input type=\"checkbox\" value=\"Copper Core\" id=\"form-field-field_c168eb1-8\" name=\"form_fields[field_c168eb1][]\"> <label for=\"form-field-field_c168eb1-8\">Copper Core<\/label><\/span><span class=\"elementor-field-option\"><input type=\"checkbox\" value=\"IC Substrates &amp; Interposer\" id=\"form-field-field_c168eb1-9\" name=\"form_fields[field_c168eb1][]\"> <label for=\"form-field-field_c168eb1-9\">IC Substrates & Interposer<\/label><\/span><span class=\"elementor-field-option\"><input type=\"checkbox\" value=\"High TG PCBs\" id=\"form-field-field_c168eb1-10\" name=\"form_fields[field_c168eb1][]\"> <label for=\"form-field-field_c168eb1-10\">High TG PCBs<\/label><\/span><span class=\"elementor-field-option\"><input type=\"checkbox\" value=\"Heavy Copper\" id=\"form-field-field_c168eb1-11\" name=\"form_fields[field_c168eb1][]\"> <label for=\"form-field-field_c168eb1-11\">Heavy Copper<\/label><\/span><span class=\"elementor-field-option\"><input type=\"checkbox\" value=\"PCB Assembly\" id=\"form-field-field_c168eb1-12\" name=\"form_fields[field_c168eb1][]\"> <label for=\"form-field-field_c168eb1-12\">PCB Assembly<\/label><\/span><span class=\"elementor-field-option\"><input type=\"checkbox\" value=\"Components Sourcing\" id=\"form-field-field_c168eb1-13\" name=\"form_fields[field_c168eb1][]\"> <label for=\"form-field-field_c168eb1-13\">Components Sourcing<\/label><\/span><span class=\"elementor-field-option\"><input type=\"checkbox\" value=\"Other\" id=\"form-field-field_c168eb1-14\" name=\"form_fields[field_c168eb1][]\"> <label for=\"form-field-field_c168eb1-14\">Other<\/label><\/span><\/div>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-field-type-upload elementor-field-group elementor-column elementor-field-group-field_2cea676 elementor-col-100\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<label for=\"form-field-field_2cea676\" class=\"elementor-field-label\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\tUpload Your Files (Optional)\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/label>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<input type=\"file\" name=\"form_fields[field_2cea676]\" id=\"form-field-field_2cea676\" class=\"elementor-field elementor-size-sm  elementor-upload-field\">\n\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-field-type-textarea elementor-field-group elementor-column elementor-field-group-field_9ceb2c8 elementor-col-100\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<label for=\"form-field-field_9ceb2c8\" class=\"elementor-field-label\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\tMessage\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/label>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<textarea class=\"elementor-field-textual elementor-field  elementor-size-sm\" name=\"form_fields[field_9ceb2c8]\" id=\"form-field-field_9ceb2c8\" rows=\"4\"><\/textarea>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-field-group elementor-column elementor-field-type-submit elementor-col-100 e-form__buttons\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<button class=\"elementor-button elementor-size-sm\" type=\"submit\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-button-content-wrapper\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-button-text\">Submit<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/button>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/form>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-33 elementor-inner-column elementor-element elementor-element-123957a9\" data-id=\"123957a9\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Table of Contents When we use mobile phones, laptops, or other modern electronic devices, we rarely consider the hidden green or black board within\u2014the printed circuit board. The primary function of a circuit board (PCB) is to provide mechanical support and electrical connections for electronic components, resulting in a complete circuit system. The way it [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":3,"featured_media":1603,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[44],"tags":[218],"class_list":["post-4382","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-blog","tag-pcb-meaning"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.elepcb.com\/hu\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/4382","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.elepcb.com\/hu\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.elepcb.com\/hu\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.elepcb.com\/hu\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/3"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.elepcb.com\/hu\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=4382"}],"version-history":[{"count":304,"href":"https:\/\/www.elepcb.com\/hu\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/4382\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":21602,"href":"https:\/\/www.elepcb.com\/hu\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/4382\/revisions\/21602"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.elepcb.com\/hu\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/1603"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.elepcb.com\/hu\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=4382"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.elepcb.com\/hu\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=4382"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.elepcb.com\/hu\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=4382"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}