{"id":18036,"date":"2025-01-30T11:19:39","date_gmt":"2025-01-30T03:19:39","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.elepcb.com\/?p=18036"},"modified":"2025-02-07T08:51:59","modified_gmt":"2025-02-07T00:51:59","slug":"high-voltage-circuit-board-hv-pcb-solution","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.elepcb.com\/it\/blog\/pcb-knowledge\/high-voltage-circuit-board-hv-pcb-solution\/","title":{"rendered":"Circuito ad alta tensione: Materiali, progettazione e soluzioni per i circuiti stampati ad alta tensione"},"content":{"rendered":"\t\t<div data-elementor-type=\"wp-post\" data-elementor-id=\"18036\" class=\"elementor elementor-18036\" data-elementor-post-type=\"post\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-42781fda elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"42781fda\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\" data-settings=\"{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-169aa84\" data-id=\"169aa84\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-6593f100 elementor-toc--minimized-on-tablet elementor-widget elementor-widget-table-of-contents\" data-id=\"6593f100\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-settings=\"{&quot;exclude_headings_by_selector&quot;:[],&quot;headings_by_tags&quot;:[&quot;h2&quot;,&quot;h3&quot;],&quot;no_headings_message&quot;:&quot;No headings were found on this page.&quot;,&quot;marker_view&quot;:&quot;numbers&quot;,&quot;minimize_box&quot;:&quot;yes&quot;,&quot;minimized_on&quot;:&quot;tablet&quot;,&quot;hierarchical_view&quot;:&quot;yes&quot;,&quot;min_height&quot;:{&quot;unit&quot;:&quot;px&quot;,&quot;size&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;sizes&quot;:[]},&quot;min_height_tablet&quot;:{&quot;unit&quot;:&quot;px&quot;,&quot;size&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;sizes&quot;:[]},&quot;min_height_mobile&quot;:{&quot;unit&quot;:&quot;px&quot;,&quot;size&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;sizes&quot;:[]}}\" data-widget_type=\"table-of-contents.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-toc__header\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<h4 class=\"elementor-toc__header-title\">\n\t\t\t\tTable of Contents\t\t\t<\/h4>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-toc__toggle-button elementor-toc__toggle-button--expand\" role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" aria-controls=\"elementor-toc__6593f100\" aria-expanded=\"true\" aria-label=\"Open table of contents\"><i aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"fas fa-chevron-down\"><\/i><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-toc__toggle-button elementor-toc__toggle-button--collapse\" role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" aria-controls=\"elementor-toc__6593f100\" aria-expanded=\"true\" aria-label=\"Close table of contents\"><i aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"fas fa-chevron-up\"><\/i><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-toc__6593f100\" class=\"elementor-toc__body\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-toc__spinner-container\">\n\t\t\t\t<i class=\"elementor-toc__spinner eicon-animation-spin eicon-loading\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/i>\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-7cb5bee6 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"7cb5bee6\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div data-page-id=\"K5cQdPyqAoIVz9xiCVzcrjK4n2e\" data-lark-html-role=\"root\" data-docx-has-block-data=\"false\"><div data-page-id=\"K5cQdPyqAoIVz9xiCVzcrjK4n2e\" data-lark-html-role=\"root\" data-docx-has-block-data=\"false\"><div><div data-page-id=\"ZzVndCoYjoIIzhx50mjcQDcLnue\" data-lark-html-role=\"root\" data-docx-has-block-data=\"false\"><div><div data-page-id=\"SKC7dw5mIo9QKNxSgwPcggXAnRh\" data-lark-html-role=\"root\" data-docx-has-block-data=\"false\"><div><div data-page-id=\"BaAqdv8UmonE8ZxHyouc2xGbn6c\" data-lark-html-role=\"root\" data-docx-has-block-data=\"false\"><div><div data-page-id=\"E8ySdVtIiopSq1x5KHucnkj4nHe\" data-lark-html-role=\"root\" data-docx-has-block-data=\"false\"><div><strong>High voltage circuit boards<\/strong> power advanced technologies including industrial machinery, electric vehicles and many other <span style=\"color: #2ea121;\">renewable energy<\/span><span style=\"color: #2ea121;\"> systems<\/span>. There are additional <a href=\"https:\/\/www.elepcb.com\/pcb-layout-design-process-and-guidelines\/\" data-lark-is-custom=\"true\">design<\/a> factors and parameters that you need to consider while <span style=\"color: #2ea121;\">designing <\/span><span style=\"color: #2ea121;\">HV<\/span> <span style=\"color: #2ea121;\">PCB<\/span>.<\/div><div>\u00a0<\/div><div>Let&#8217;s talk about <strong>high voltage circuit boards<\/strong>, their <a href=\"https:\/\/www.elepcb.com\/blog\/guide-to-pcb-materials-and-features-of-fr-4-pcb-material\/\" data-lark-is-custom=\"true\">materials<\/a>, and key considerations while designing high voltage PCBs with <strong><a href=\"https:\/\/www.elepcb.com\/\" data-lark-is-custom=\"true\">ELEPCB<\/a><\/strong>!<\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-2a89883 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"2a89883\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-61dbbcbb\" data-id=\"61dbbcbb\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-6062f0ca elementor-widget elementor-widget-spacer\" data-id=\"6062f0ca\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"spacer.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-spacer\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-spacer-inner\"><\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-a078c3e elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"a078c3e\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-227d3d45\" data-id=\"227d3d45\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-3552b0f6 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"3552b0f6\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\"><b>What is a High Voltage Circuit Board?<\/b><\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-93f4757 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"93f4757\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-93b0850\" data-id=\"93b0850\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-ed55b57 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"ed55b57\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div data-page-id=\"E8ySdVtIiopSq1x5KHucnkj4nHe\" data-lark-html-role=\"root\" data-docx-has-block-data=\"false\"><div class=\"ace-line ace-line old-record-id-Lk3JdELNGojI5qx4Ub3cB0uCn9c\"><div data-page-id=\"E8ySdVtIiopSq1x5KHucnkj4nHe\" data-lark-html-role=\"root\" data-docx-has-block-data=\"false\"><div class=\"ace-line ace-line old-record-id-Lk3JdELNGojI5qx4Ub3cB0uCn9c\">How do you think that fast electric cars, big telescopes, and industrial washing machines work? Beacuse they have high-voltage PCBs. High voltage PCBs are boards that can handle voltage<span style=\"color: #2ea121;\"> above 100V<\/span>. The difference between an<span style=\"color: #2ea121;\"> LV <\/span><span style=\"color: #2ea121;\">PCB<\/span><span style=\"color: #2ea121;\"> and an HV PCB<\/span> is the design considerations. High voltage PCBs are designed using<span style=\"color: #2ea121;\"> strict standards, larger <\/span><span style=\"color: #2ea121;\">clearance<\/span><span style=\"color: #2ea121;\"> and creepage<\/span>, and <span style=\"color: #2ea121;\">materials having higher dielectric strength<\/span>.<\/div><div class=\"ace-line ace-line old-record-id-NxW0dwedUoX9X5xSKgEcCvpqnde\">All in all, high voltage PCB is designed to <span style=\"color: #2ea121;\">support high voltage<\/span> maintaining safety and reliability under any harsh environmental conditions.<\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-a687731 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"a687731\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-64cf94e\" data-id=\"64cf94e\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-0d1e6d9 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"0d1e6d9\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\"><b>Materials in High Voltage PCB<\/b><\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-670e795 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"670e795\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-c3ae1aa\" data-id=\"c3ae1aa\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-e0a2728 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"e0a2728\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div data-page-id=\"E8ySdVtIiopSq1x5KHucnkj4nHe\" data-lark-html-role=\"root\" data-docx-has-block-data=\"false\"><div class=\"ace-line ace-line old-record-id-Lk3JdELNGojI5qx4Ub3cB0uCn9c\"><div data-page-id=\"E8ySdVtIiopSq1x5KHucnkj4nHe\" data-lark-html-role=\"root\" data-docx-has-block-data=\"false\"><div class=\"ace-line ace-line old-record-id-Lk3JdELNGojI5qx4Ub3cB0uCn9c\"><div data-page-id=\"E8ySdVtIiopSq1x5KHucnkj4nHe\" data-lark-html-role=\"root\" data-docx-has-block-data=\"false\"><div class=\"ace-line ace-line old-record-id-CW5idalEYoHMGexTZHFc2QdonLe\">When you want to select the right material for your high voltage PCB, a selection criteria called <strong>CTI<\/strong> (<span style=\"color: #2ea121;\">Comparative Tracking Index<\/span>) is used. CTI define the <span style=\"color: #2ea121;\">maximum voltage<\/span> a PCB can withstand before breaking down and creating more conduciveness. According to the <strong>IEC-60950 standard<\/strong>, there are specific values of CTIs that represent the right type of material used for high-voltage PCB.<\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-1853d1a2 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"1853d1a2\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-478279d0\" data-id=\"478279d0\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-inner-section elementor-element elementor-element-484ca03d elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"484ca03d\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-50 elementor-inner-column elementor-element elementor-element-46c0a9f8\" data-id=\"46c0a9f8\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-13165f5 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"13165f5\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>The common materials that are widely used in the production of high-voltage PCBs includes.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-9ef322a elementor-widget__width-initial elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"9ef322a\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div data-page-id=\"E8ySdVtIiopSq1x5KHucnkj4nHe\" data-lark-html-role=\"root\" data-docx-has-block-data=\"false\"><ul><li><strong>HVPF (High Voltage Teflon)<\/strong><\/li><li><strong>BT<\/strong><strong> epoxy<\/strong><\/li><li><strong>Phenolic-cured rigid laminates<\/strong><\/li><li><strong>Isola Laminate<\/strong><\/li><\/ul><\/div>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-50 elementor-inner-column elementor-element elementor-element-3bf788af\" data-id=\"3bf788af\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-ae35d1e elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"ae35d1e\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div data-page-id=\"E8ySdVtIiopSq1x5KHucnkj4nHe\" data-lark-html-role=\"root\" data-docx-has-block-data=\"false\"><div class=\"ace-line ace-line old-record-id-Qt5JdP49jondiXxSQZjcjatGnlg\">While selecting the material best suited for your voltage needs, you can consider some of the following factors.<\/div><\/div>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-776feae8 elementor-widget__width-initial elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"776feae8\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div data-page-id=\"E8ySdVtIiopSq1x5KHucnkj4nHe\" data-lark-html-role=\"root\" data-docx-has-block-data=\"false\"><ul class=\"list-bullet1\"><li class=\"ace-line ace-line old-record-id-PH8CdFC8GoyKQDxqBX7cLFsnn2f\" data-list=\"bullet\"><div><strong>Hardness<\/strong><\/div><\/li><li class=\"ace-line ace-line old-record-id-OxVpdS6vKo6TCGxBDOlcBkMdn4S\" data-list=\"bullet\"><div><strong>Tensile strength<\/strong><\/div><\/li><li class=\"ace-line ace-line old-record-id-EDLndNC7doukbExF0IScGRWBnkf\" data-list=\"bullet\"><div><strong>Resistance against chemicals<\/strong><\/div><\/li><li class=\"ace-line ace-line old-record-id-SICsd8nuooTH9gx4qrvcTlfpnag\" data-list=\"bullet\"><div><strong>Thermal expansion<\/strong><\/div><\/li><li class=\"ace-line ace-line old-record-id-E9DGdNuALo5lU1xsbY7chscWnCd\" data-list=\"bullet\"><div><strong>Dielectric strength<\/strong><\/div><\/li><\/ul><\/div>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-c3fb3c2 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"c3fb3c2\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-ca60b22\" data-id=\"ca60b22\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-69c0fc8 elementor-widget elementor-widget-spacer\" data-id=\"69c0fc8\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"spacer.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-spacer\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-spacer-inner\"><\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-bd104d3 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"bd104d3\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-4265436\" data-id=\"4265436\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-cf80626 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"cf80626\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\"><b>Creepage and Clearance Parameters <\/b><br><b>in HV PCB Design <\/b><\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-4a79298 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"4a79298\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-38bdd83\" data-id=\"38bdd83\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-3ef4b8a elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"3ef4b8a\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div data-page-id=\"E8ySdVtIiopSq1x5KHucnkj4nHe\" data-lark-html-role=\"root\" data-docx-has-block-data=\"false\"><div class=\"ace-line ace-line old-record-id-FGB7dteEKowGmExBtCgcqO9nnkD\">An effective HV PCB should be met with the <strong>UL<\/strong><strong> and IEC standards<\/strong>. There is a <span style=\"color: #2ea121;\">minimum distance<\/span> that should be incorporated between the <a href=\"https:\/\/www.elepcb.com\/blog\/pcb-components-sourcing\/\" data-lark-is-custom=\"true\">components<\/a> to avoid damage. That is where <span style=\"color: #2ea121;\">creepage and <\/span><span style=\"color: #2ea121;\">clearance<\/span><span style=\"color: #2ea121;\"> distance<\/span> come in.<\/div><div class=\"ace-line ace-line old-record-id-XfoPdysu2okcq7xsmXic6Ao6nwc\"><strong>Clearance<\/strong> is the <span style=\"color: #2ea121;\">minimum distance<\/span> that is measured <span style=\"color: #2ea121;\">between two conductors in air<\/span>. The <strong>creepage <\/strong>is also the <span style=\"color: #2ea121;\">mininum distance<\/span> between <span style=\"color: #2ea121;\">two conductors<\/span>. The distance is measured <span style=\"color: #2ea121;\">along the surface of the insulation<\/span> that separates the conductors. If the clearance and creepage voltage is small, it can cause arching between the conductors due to the presence of air or dust particles.<\/div><div class=\"ace-line ace-line old-record-id-HVEAdTpfKoC96JxECOlcobYFnLc\">In order to avoid such faults happening, consider the following.<\/div><ol class=\"list-number1\" start=\"1\"><li class=\"ace-line ace-line old-record-id-ZqaUdsDqJoKv6YxOvmLc8ZIynTb\" data-list=\"number\"><div><strong>Peak voltage<\/strong><\/div><\/li><li class=\"ace-line ace-line old-record-id-Pg7zdBYoSoR9G6xsSsAcOvpBnTg\" data-list=\"number\"><div><strong>Laminating material<\/strong><\/div><\/li><li class=\"ace-line ace-line old-record-id-J5lhdexmGoRFydxvxkCc4HkGn4d\" data-list=\"number\"><div><strong>Operating environment<\/strong><\/div><\/li><li class=\"ace-line ace-line old-record-id-DTnndq1m2oaCxwxamyYc8Jydnbh\" data-list=\"number\"><div><strong>Coated or bare traces<\/strong><\/div><\/li><li class=\"ace-line ace-line old-record-id-XnNxdYtOUo6Yikxdls8ck1sonzf\" data-list=\"number\"><div><strong>Location of circuit<\/strong><\/div><\/li><li class=\"ace-line ace-line old-record-id-FkwfdB6LUooVGdxyLbhc3NeinrJ\" data-list=\"number\"><div><strong>Traces on the outer or inner layer<\/strong><\/div><\/li><\/ol><\/div>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-3667b74 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"3667b74\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-503295a\" data-id=\"503295a\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-0c6a909 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"0c6a909\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h3 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\"><b>When Can You Work on Live High Voltage?<\/b><\/h3>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-85726e0 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"85726e0\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-1b612fd\" data-id=\"1b612fd\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-d76a0a5 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"d76a0a5\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div data-page-id=\"E8ySdVtIiopSq1x5KHucnkj4nHe\" data-lark-html-role=\"root\" data-docx-has-block-data=\"false\"><div class=\"ace-line ace-line old-record-id-FovwdD0vto50uvxGSW7colTcnMh\">Standard <span style=\"color: #2ea121;\">UL-60950-1<\/span> <span style=\"color: #2ea121;\">&#8220;table 2K-2N&#8221;<\/span> states the minimum distance values for clearance and creepage in respect to <span style=\"color: #2ea121;\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.elepcb.com\/blog\/choose-the-right-pcb-conformal-coating\/\" data-lark-is-custom=\"true\">coating<\/a><\/span><span style=\"color: #2ea121;\"> and insulation<\/span>. The standard covers <span style=\"color: #2ea121;\">the details of insulation type<\/span> to prevent the arcs. If there is any low voltage operating circuit near the HV circuit, the standard specifies the different types of insulation options.<\/div><div class=\"ace-line ace-line old-record-id-VKEqdcQLqoX728x6Uo0c0n7gntd\">So, let&#8217;s take a look at the various safety standards for high voltage circuit boards.<\/div><\/div>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-9dd36c4 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"9dd36c4\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-0081bbe\" data-id=\"0081bbe\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-1d3bfb0 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"1d3bfb0\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h3 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\"><b>Safety Standards of High Voltage PCB<\/b><\/h3>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-0b91fac elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"0b91fac\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-febbf18\" data-id=\"febbf18\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-808362e elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"808362e\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div data-page-id=\"E8ySdVtIiopSq1x5KHucnkj4nHe\" data-lark-html-role=\"root\" data-docx-has-block-data=\"false\"><div class=\"ace-line ace-line old-record-id-FovwdD0vto50uvxGSW7colTcnMh\"><div data-page-id=\"E8ySdVtIiopSq1x5KHucnkj4nHe\" data-lark-html-role=\"root\" data-docx-has-block-data=\"false\"><div class=\"ace-line ace-line old-record-id-JPZ4dLKrqoSkfIxrJi4coDyRnsf\">In the case of high voltage PCB, safety is ultimately paramount. To prevent any mishaps and damages, there are specific <strong>safety standards<\/strong> that are defined by different governing bodies.<\/div><ul class=\"list-bullet1\"><li class=\"ace-line ace-line old-record-id-QeymdMy2doqX0IxhFBZcFctkn9V\" data-list=\"bullet\">For instance, <span style=\"color: #2ea121;\">IPC-9259<\/span> states<span style=\"color: #2ea121;\"> the requirements of distance spacing <\/span>for power components that operate on voltage higher than 100V.<\/li><li class=\"ace-line ace-line old-record-id-Lbi8d10AuoYMpJxLj3JcY6Xsnqe\" data-list=\"bullet\">Similarly, another standard, <span style=\"color: #2ea121;\">UL-61010-1<\/span>, specifies the requirements <span style=\"color: #2ea121;\">highlighting the safety to consider <\/span>when designing testing\/laboratory equipment, including industrial machines.<\/li><li class=\"ace-line ace-line old-record-id-NfHmdbTa1oLwf5xXZARcUOJZnif\" data-list=\"bullet\">Lastly, there is <span style=\"color: #2ea121;\">UL-60950-1<\/span> which refers to low-voltage and high voltage applications covering a wide range of electronics.<\/li><\/ul><\/div><\/div><\/div>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-3cd2552 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"3cd2552\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-a979f6b\" data-id=\"a979f6b\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-8e022a3 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"8e022a3\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h3 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\"><b>Tips for HV PCB Design<\/b><\/h3>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-900ecdf elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"900ecdf\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-6312b18\" data-id=\"6312b18\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-fe9b37a elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"fe9b37a\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div data-page-id=\"E8ySdVtIiopSq1x5KHucnkj4nHe\" data-lark-html-role=\"root\" data-docx-has-block-data=\"false\"><div class=\"ace-line ace-line old-record-id-FovwdD0vto50uvxGSW7colTcnMh\"><div data-page-id=\"E8ySdVtIiopSq1x5KHucnkj4nHe\" data-lark-html-role=\"root\" data-docx-has-block-data=\"false\"><div class=\"ace-line ace-line old-record-id-JPZ4dLKrqoSkfIxrJi4coDyRnsf\"><div data-page-id=\"E8ySdVtIiopSq1x5KHucnkj4nHe\" data-lark-html-role=\"root\" data-docx-has-block-data=\"false\"><div class=\"ace-line ace-line old-record-id-NFEFdgFqmoGwpXx5tLgc6qDpnF4\">High voltage PCB should be designed in such a way that they can handle voltage reaching up to KVs. When creating such boards, there are certain guidelines which are important to follow.<\/div><ol class=\"list-number1\" start=\"1\"><li class=\"ace-line ace-line old-record-id-OYg6d12U0oES7TxDlZ1cxJaFnZg\" data-list=\"number\">There should be <span style=\"color: #2ea121;\">no edges and sharp turns in the PCBs<\/span> because that can<span style=\"color: #d83931;\"> lead to fatal damage<\/span>. Sharp turns can cause leakage current and arcs, further damaging the board and surrounding components.<\/li><li class=\"ace-line ace-line old-record-id-TaL2dZykno8c2YxP2z0cMAAynnd\" data-list=\"number\">Ensure that the board <span style=\"color: #d83931;\">does not contain any burrs<\/span> once the routing is completed.<\/li><li class=\"ace-line ace-line old-record-id-Dka7dG5rsoncfnx3EzmcyUiMnid\" data-list=\"number\">The board should <span style=\"color: #2ea121;\">contain a smooth finish <\/span>to prevent arcs and flashes.<\/li><li class=\"ace-line ace-line old-record-id-QVMLd15sDoPKOtxT2x0cqz5anhg\" data-list=\"number\">When selecting the <span style=\"color: #2ea121;\">copper weight<\/span>, ensure that the weight is able to carry high voltage and high current.<\/li><li class=\"ace-line ace-line old-record-id-EN7wdfiUVoYZ7MxSdPpcEPDVnib\" data-list=\"number\">Material selection should be done using the <span style=\"color: #2ea121;\">Comparative Tracking Index<\/span><span style=\"color: #2ea121;\"> (<\/span><span style=\"color: #2ea121;\">CTI<\/span><span style=\"color: #2ea121;\">) <\/span>scale, and ensure that the board lies in the category defined by <span style=\"color: #2ea121;\">Performance Level Category (PLC)<\/span>.<\/li><\/ol><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-d88cb3f elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"d88cb3f\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-95f13dc\" data-id=\"95f13dc\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-115e06b elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"115e06b\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\"><b>Understand High Voltage Arc Flash<\/b><\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-c057223 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"c057223\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-4fd209e\" data-id=\"4fd209e\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-1c6ffb2 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"1c6ffb2\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div data-page-id=\"E8ySdVtIiopSq1x5KHucnkj4nHe\" data-lark-html-role=\"root\" data-docx-has-block-data=\"false\"><div class=\"ace-line ace-line old-record-id-FovwdD0vto50uvxGSW7colTcnMh\"><div data-page-id=\"E8ySdVtIiopSq1x5KHucnkj4nHe\" data-lark-html-role=\"root\" data-docx-has-block-data=\"false\"><div class=\"ace-line ace-line old-record-id-JPZ4dLKrqoSkfIxrJi4coDyRnsf\"><div data-page-id=\"E8ySdVtIiopSq1x5KHucnkj4nHe\" data-lark-html-role=\"root\" data-docx-has-block-data=\"false\"><div class=\"ace-line ace-line old-record-id-NFEFdgFqmoGwpXx5tLgc6qDpnF4\"><div data-page-id=\"E8ySdVtIiopSq1x5KHucnkj4nHe\" data-lark-html-role=\"root\" data-docx-has-block-data=\"false\"><div class=\"ace-line ace-line old-record-id-DwUhdx7V4oVxDTxv48gc8Ol1njg\">In the use of HV PCBs, there is a special phenomenon called &#8220;<strong>High Voltage Arc Flash<\/strong>&#8220;. In a high-voltage environment, when the voltage <span style=\"color: #2ea121;\">reaches a certain threshold<\/span>, the insulating medium such as <span style=\"color: #2ea121;\">air will be broken through<\/span>, thus generating an electric arc.<\/div><ul class=\"list-bullet1\"><li class=\"ace-line ace-line old-record-id-V7ojdHm8uoFqgYxgmPfcaFyXnjh\" data-list=\"bullet\"><strong>Line spacing on the board, insulation materials<\/strong>, and other factors directly affect whether an arc flash would occur or not for HV PCBs. For example, the<span style=\"color: #2ea121;\"> smaller the line spacing<\/span>, the more likely it is to form a strong electric field at high voltages, thus having electrons jump to the other conductor and trigger an arc.<\/li><li class=\"ace-line ace-line old-record-id-N63UdqjFnoYqCnxxURwcbNIXnhb\" data-list=\"bullet\">Besides, in the HV PCB, <span style=\"color: #2ea121;\">the stability of the <\/span><span style=\"color: #2ea121;\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.elepcb.com\/pcb-products\/power-supply-pcb\/\" data-lark-is-custom=\"true\">power supply<\/a><\/span> is the most important thing. If the fluctuation of the power supply is large, the instantaneous high voltage may be higher than the limit that the PCB line and components can withstand, thus triggering an arc flash.<\/li><\/ul><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-75a0d707 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"75a0d707\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-b3a160a\" data-id=\"b3a160a\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-f719c09 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"f719c09\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h3 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\"><b>High Voltage Arc Flash Damage<\/b><\/h3>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-5fb83c78 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"5fb83c78\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div data-page-id=\"ZZj9dIGqOovHdqxH9pncjp4jn8f\" data-lark-html-role=\"root\" data-docx-has-block-data=\"false\"><div class=\"ace-line ace-line old-record-id-O1dvdfClOotNL7xDhalcuuNLnyh\"><div data-page-id=\"ZZj9dIGqOovHdqxH9pncjp4jn8f\" data-lark-html-role=\"root\" data-docx-has-block-data=\"false\"><div class=\"ace-line ace-line old-record-id-O1dvdfClOotNL7xDhalcuuNLnyh\"><div data-page-id=\"E8ySdVtIiopSq1x5KHucnkj4nHe\" data-lark-html-role=\"root\" data-docx-has-block-data=\"false\"><ul class=\"list-bullet1\"><li class=\"ace-line ace-line old-record-id-QTlzdqkBioeTHuxKxkzcwh2Fntb\" data-list=\"bullet\">Arc flash in HV <span style=\"color: #d83931;\">generates very high temperatures, bright lights, and powerful electromagnetic radiation<\/span>, which are very dangerous to personnel. If arc flash occurs in HV PCBs during maintenance or testing, operators may suffer <span style=\"color: #d83931;\">burns in their bodies and eyes<\/span>, damage to bodily functions due to electromagnetic radiation.<\/li><li class=\"ace-line ace-line old-record-id-No1Rdt0Qfop3isxe9Yqcmy6WnoC\" data-list=\"bullet\">Also, the enormous energy thrown out by an arc flash <span style=\"color: #d83931;\">can cause irreparable damage to <\/span><span style=\"color: #d83931;\">precision<\/span><span style=\"color: #d83931;\"> components<\/span> on HV PCBs.<\/li><\/ul><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-09eaf03 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"09eaf03\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-50 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-bbcf723\" data-id=\"bbcf723\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-c3500c0 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"c3500c0\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h3 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\"><b>High Voltage DC <\/b><br><b>Circuit Breaker<\/b><\/h3>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-3e90aa8 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"3e90aa8\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div data-page-id=\"ZZj9dIGqOovHdqxH9pncjp4jn8f\" data-lark-html-role=\"root\" data-docx-has-block-data=\"false\"><div><div data-page-id=\"ZZj9dIGqOovHdqxH9pncjp4jn8f\" data-lark-html-role=\"root\" data-docx-has-block-data=\"false\"><div><div data-page-id=\"E8ySdVtIiopSq1x5KHucnkj4nHe\" data-lark-html-role=\"root\" data-docx-has-block-data=\"false\"><ul class=\"list-bullet1\"><li class=\"ace-line ace-line old-record-id-R9WKd8QzEoqR6nx6hkWcySbrnad\" data-list=\"bullet\"><strong>High-voltage DC circuit breakers<\/strong> shall play an important role in the high voltage DC system where the location of HV PCBs is involved. The DC circuit breakers <span style=\"color: #2ea121;\">can cut the circuit quickly<\/span> when detecting abnormal conditions which may trigger an arc flash, such as the short circuit or voltage surge in the PCB circuit, and<span style=\"color: #2ea121;\"> inhibit the generation of arc flash<\/span>.<\/li><li class=\"ace-line ace-line old-record-id-Z4GKdjaijoqwDJx1klGcKUy6nHc\" data-list=\"bullet\">Thus, the DC circuit breaker <span style=\"color: #2ea121;\">can prevent the chain reaction<\/span> caused by the arc flash by cutting the circuit in time and thereby stabilize the whole high-voltage system.<\/li><li class=\"ace-line ace-line old-record-id-FKlxdna0ToLCzxxHHzgcz4manyd\" data-list=\"bullet\">However, it is worth noting that the rated voltage and rated current of the circuit breaker should also meet the operating parameters of the HV PCB. If the <span style=\"color: #d83931;\">rated voltage is too low<\/span> and <span style=\"color: #d83931;\">the fault current is high<\/span>, it cannot work properly, and it will also fail to protect the HV PCB from arc flash hazards.<\/li><\/ul><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-50 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-66ebbff\" data-id=\"66ebbff\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-1586afa elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"1586afa\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h3 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\"><b>Arc Flash Categories By Voltage Chart<\/b><\/h3>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-5672ec4 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"5672ec4\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div data-page-id=\"ZZj9dIGqOovHdqxH9pncjp4jn8f\" data-lark-html-role=\"root\" data-docx-has-block-data=\"false\"><div><div data-page-id=\"ZZj9dIGqOovHdqxH9pncjp4jn8f\" data-lark-html-role=\"root\" data-docx-has-block-data=\"false\"><div><div data-page-id=\"ZZj9dIGqOovHdqxH9pncjp4jn8f\" data-lark-html-role=\"root\" data-docx-has-block-data=\"false\"><div class=\"ace-line ace-line old-record-id-WwtZdL3alo6djNxmNDbcJ0bQnFc\"><div data-page-id=\"E8ySdVtIiopSq1x5KHucnkj4nHe\" data-lark-html-role=\"root\" data-docx-has-block-data=\"false\"><ul class=\"list-bullet1\"><li class=\"ace-line ace-line old-record-id-Zlwzd46jQoFYQlxhl6rcmNc5ndf\" data-list=\"bullet\"><strong>The arc flash voltage chart<\/strong> is divided into <span style=\"color: #2ea121;\">different arc flash categories, depending on the voltage level<\/span>; each category corresponds to different characteristics of an arc flash, like the range of energy release, probability of flash, and so on. It can be used as an <span style=\"color: #2ea121;\">important basis<\/span> to <span style=\"color: #2ea121;\">evaluate the arc flash risk<\/span> of HV PCBs under different voltages.<\/li><li class=\"ace-line ace-line old-record-id-Cll6dC3zzoMQuKxOPsvcqW7HnPc\" data-list=\"bullet\">As we can see from the above descriptions,<strong> arc voltage charts<\/strong> may help a lot and might have an important referring role in <span style=\"color: #2ea121;\"><strong>HV<\/strong><\/span> <span style=\"color: #2ea121;\"><strong>PCB<\/strong><\/span><span style=\"color: #2ea121;\"><strong> design<\/strong><\/span> and maintaining selection equipment. According to the different voltage charts in arc flash categories, one will be able to choose the required protection equipment. Taking as examples <span style=\"color: #2ea121;\">fuse, surge protectors<\/span>, among others.<\/li><li class=\"ace-line ace-line old-record-id-L9BFdDAIWoEKaaxfbsZcOHEUnze\" data-list=\"bullet\">Arc flash voltage graphs for HV upgrades to PCB: The engineer should use them to decide on whether the newly operating voltage shall<span style=\"color: #2ea121;\"> replace<\/span> the existing protective equipment or the change in PCB design parameters should be <span style=\"color: #2ea121;\">developed<\/span> to ensure effective prevention of arc flash for different voltage conditions.<\/li><\/ul><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-775740ad elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"775740ad\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-2a1914a6\" data-id=\"2a1914a6\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-2472e772 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"2472e772\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\"><b>Highlights &amp; Technical Barriers <\/b><br><b>in High Voltage Circuit Board<\/b><\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-e09ad27 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"e09ad27\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-70119c4\" data-id=\"70119c4\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-85e817c elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"85e817c\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h3 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\"><b>Optimizing Power Transistors<\/b><\/h3>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-648a40e elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"648a40e\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-41e40af\" data-id=\"41e40af\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-b7d4ab3 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"b7d4ab3\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div data-page-id=\"E8ySdVtIiopSq1x5KHucnkj4nHe\" data-lark-html-role=\"root\" data-docx-has-block-data=\"false\"><div><div data-page-id=\"E8ySdVtIiopSq1x5KHucnkj4nHe\" data-lark-html-role=\"root\" data-docx-has-block-data=\"false\"><div>Fast-switching HV GaN transistors challenge the <a href=\"https:\/\/www.elepcb.com\/pcb-layout-design-process-and-guidelines\/\" data-lark-is-custom=\"true\">PCB layout<\/a> with regard to the understanding and management of parasitic impedance for proper operation of the circuit and avoidance of <a href=\"https:\/\/www.elepcb.com\/blog\/pcb-shielding-basics-to-emi-and-rfi\/\" data-lark-is-custom=\"true\">EMI<\/a>.<\/div><div>The parasitic impedance, which ensures circuit operation and avoids EMI, optimization strategies to understand and manage, include:<\/div><ol start=\"1\"><li data-list=\"number\"><strong>Considering parasitic components<\/strong> with current paths and return paths,<\/li><li data-list=\"number\">Optimization of layout inductance by <span style=\"color: #2ea121;\">making use of thin dielectric layers<\/span>,<\/li><li data-list=\"number\">Selection of <strong>top-cooled packages<\/strong>, performing optimization in gate drive layout,<\/li><li data-list=\"number\"><strong> Planar return paths<\/strong> avoid capacitive current disturbances,<\/li><li data-list=\"number\"><strong>Keeping the switching nodes compact<\/strong> to reduce capacitance and radiation.<\/li><\/ol><\/div><\/div><\/div>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-330e58c elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"330e58c\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-4eae415\" data-id=\"4eae415\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-8ddd77e elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"8ddd77e\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h3 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\"><b>AC-DC controller PCB layout<\/b><\/h3>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-59d16d8 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"59d16d8\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-b9a327e\" data-id=\"b9a327e\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-1a7629f elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"1a7629f\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div data-page-id=\"E8ySdVtIiopSq1x5KHucnkj4nHe\" data-lark-html-role=\"root\" data-docx-has-block-data=\"false\"><div class=\"ace-line ace-line old-record-id-INHMdHAUIoAd88xwjKMc9Cgin0f\"><div data-page-id=\"E8ySdVtIiopSq1x5KHucnkj4nHe\" data-lark-html-role=\"root\" data-docx-has-block-data=\"false\"><div class=\"ace-line ace-line old-record-id-INHMdHAUIoAd88xwjKMc9Cgin0f\"><strong>Layout consideration:<\/strong> The noise and stability problems in power converters require consideration of the PCB layout and wiring. For example, with the integrated controller <span style=\"color: #2ea121;\">NCP1937<\/span>, since different parts of the gate driver can be turned on\/off arbitrarily, particular attention<span style=\"color: #2ea121;\"> must be given to the current path and <\/span><span style=\"color: #2ea121;\">grounding<\/span><span style=\"color: #2ea121;\"> points<\/span> to avoid noise interaction.\u00a0<\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-1dd2490 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"1dd2490\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-f519aee\" data-id=\"f519aee\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-8f933ec elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"8f933ec\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h3 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\"><b>Pulse Copper Plating Technology for High Aspect Ratio<\/b><\/h3>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-23f461e elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"23f461e\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-dc8788a\" data-id=\"dc8788a\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-57a1b15 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"57a1b15\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div data-page-id=\"E8ySdVtIiopSq1x5KHucnkj4nHe\" data-lark-html-role=\"root\" data-docx-has-block-data=\"false\"><div><div data-page-id=\"E8ySdVtIiopSq1x5KHucnkj4nHe\" data-lark-html-role=\"root\" data-docx-has-block-data=\"false\"><div><div data-page-id=\"E8ySdVtIiopSq1x5KHucnkj4nHe\" data-lark-html-role=\"root\" data-docx-has-block-data=\"false\"><div><strong>Technical advantages:<\/strong>\u00a0High-end <a href=\"https:\/\/www.elepcb.com\/pcb-products\/multilayer-pcb\/\">multilayer<\/a> board <a href=\"https:\/\/www.elepcb.com\/pcb-manufacturing-process-and-services\/\">manufacturing<\/a>, when the board <a href=\"https:\/\/www.elepcb.com\/blog\/pcb-copper-thickness\/\">thickness<\/a> and aperture ratio of 20:1 or more, high aspect ratio pulse copper plating technology deep plating capability, uniform plating, high production efficiency, is the best process.<\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-1e253e7 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"1e253e7\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-0555f0c\" data-id=\"0555f0c\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-d060eb9 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"d060eb9\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h3 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\"><b>International Circuit Board Standard<\/b><\/h3>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-8d72053 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"8d72053\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-cc3195c\" data-id=\"cc3195c\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-a09867c elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"a09867c\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div data-page-id=\"E8ySdVtIiopSq1x5KHucnkj4nHe\" data-lark-html-role=\"root\" data-docx-has-block-data=\"false\"><div><div data-page-id=\"E8ySdVtIiopSq1x5KHucnkj4nHe\" data-lark-html-role=\"root\" data-docx-has-block-data=\"false\"><div><div data-page-id=\"E8ySdVtIiopSq1x5KHucnkj4nHe\" data-lark-html-role=\"root\" data-docx-has-block-data=\"false\"><div><div data-page-id=\"E8ySdVtIiopSq1x5KHucnkj4nHe\" data-lark-html-role=\"root\" data-docx-has-block-data=\"false\"><div class=\"ace-line ace-line old-record-id-BVU4dEcoeoapvzx06uCc82DOnec\"><strong>Importance and ways of implementation: <\/strong>International standards play an important role in ensuring quality and reliability regarding PCBs, not only in materials, design, and process but also in a wide range of applications. You can ensure compliance by studying standard documents such as <span style=\"color: #2ea121;\">IPC-2221, IPC-A-600<\/span>, referring to specifications such as <span style=\"color: #2ea121;\">IPC-6012<\/span>.<\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-e2eaa77 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"e2eaa77\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-d7aebc3\" data-id=\"d7aebc3\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-a5be114 elementor-widget elementor-widget-spacer\" data-id=\"a5be114\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"spacer.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-spacer\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-spacer-inner\"><\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-84314b6 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"84314b6\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\"><b>Conclusion<\/b><\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-56d37230 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"56d37230\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-68ecb5c8\" data-id=\"68ecb5c8\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-75928a15 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"75928a15\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div data-page-id=\"K5cQdPyqAoIVz9xiCVzcrjK4n2e\" data-lark-html-role=\"root\" data-docx-has-block-data=\"false\"><div><div data-page-id=\"SKC7dw5mIo9QKNxSgwPcggXAnRh\" data-lark-html-role=\"root\" data-docx-has-block-data=\"false\"><div><div data-page-id=\"SOfOdI4jXo5ucCxUQ3PcJolinPf\" data-lark-html-role=\"root\" data-docx-has-block-data=\"false\"><div><div data-page-id=\"SOfOdI4jXo5ucCxUQ3PcJolinPf\" data-lark-html-role=\"root\" data-docx-has-block-data=\"false\"><div><div data-page-id=\"E8ySdVtIiopSq1x5KHucnkj4nHe\" data-lark-html-role=\"root\" data-docx-has-block-data=\"false\"><div class=\"ace-line ace-line old-record-id-AXYIdGMAooUMM3xfNNycruqYnDh\">High voltage PCBs are getting in demand due to the <a href=\"https:\/\/www.elepcb.com\/applications\/\" data-lark-is-custom=\"true\">applications<\/a> they can cater to. The operation of a high voltage PCB should be optimized in such a way that it runs exactly as designed and follows the <span style=\"color: #2ea121;\">safety standards<\/span> to prevent any mishaps.<\/div><div class=\"ace-line ace-line old-record-id-VIvCdqE6goJqGaxayDmcodpWnMI\"><em><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/www.elepcb.com\/contact-us\/\" data-lark-is-custom=\"true\">Contact<\/a><\/strong><\/em> <em><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/www.elepcb.com\/\" data-lark-is-custom=\"true\">ELEPCB<\/a><\/strong><\/em><em><strong> to produce <\/strong><\/em><span style=\"color: #2ea121;\"><em><strong>better high voltage circuit boards<\/strong><\/em><\/span><em><strong>! And you can leave a comment below to get more information or just get a quote!<\/strong><\/em><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-560f7aa4 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"560f7aa4\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-7eaa6aef\" data-id=\"7eaa6aef\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-4b547ea9 elementor-widget elementor-widget-spacer\" data-id=\"4b547ea9\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"spacer.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-spacer\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-spacer-inner\"><\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-46f1bb1a elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"46f1bb1a\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-5553080\" data-id=\"5553080\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-5a3f1953 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"5a3f1953\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\"><b>FAQs<\/b><\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-49ba61b9 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"49ba61b9\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-44029907\" data-id=\"44029907\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-2cee9b0c elementor-widget elementor-widget-toggle\" data-id=\"2cee9b0c\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"toggle.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-toggle\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-toggle-item\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-title-7531\" class=\"elementor-tab-title\" data-tab=\"1\" role=\"button\" aria-controls=\"elementor-tab-content-7531\" aria-expanded=\"false\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-toggle-icon elementor-toggle-icon-left\" aria-hidden=\"true\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-toggle-icon-closed\"><i class=\"fas fa-caret-right\"><\/i><\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-toggle-icon-opened\"><i class=\"elementor-toggle-icon-opened fas fa-caret-up\"><\/i><\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<a class=\"elementor-toggle-title\" tabindex=\"0\">Q1: Does a circuit board base have low resistance?<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\n\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-content-7531\" class=\"elementor-tab-content elementor-clearfix\" data-tab=\"1\" role=\"region\" aria-labelledby=\"elementor-tab-title-7531\"><div data-page-id=\"K5cQdPyqAoIVz9xiCVzcrjK4n2e\" data-lark-html-role=\"root\" data-docx-has-block-data=\"false\"><div data-page-id=\"PzvadCyLxoGC6axfsi0cBB2BnWf\" data-lark-html-role=\"root\" data-docx-has-block-data=\"false\"><div data-page-id=\"E8ySdVtIiopSq1x5KHucnkj4nHe\" data-lark-html-role=\"root\" data-docx-has-block-data=\"false\"><div class=\"ace-line ace-line old-record-id-AqkgdXMrdoN55exZoGAcEBg0nEe\"><div data-page-id=\"E8ySdVtIiopSq1x5KHucnkj4nHe\" data-lark-html-role=\"root\" data-docx-has-block-data=\"false\"><div class=\"ace-line ace-line old-record-id-AqkgdXMrdoN55exZoGAcEBg0nEe\">A1: It depends. First of all, the low resistance of the circuit board chassis is mainly designed for <span style=\"color: #2ea121;\">efficient heat dissipation or low impedance circuits<\/span>.<\/div><div class=\"ace-line ace-line old-record-id-PZ0LdbCMpopORaxDwSJcdBb9ntd\">It is mainly used in <a href=\"https:\/\/www.elepcb.com\/blog\/high-frequency-pcb\/\" data-lark-is-custom=\"true\">high frequency circuits<\/a> and <span style=\"color: #2ea121;\">high current <\/span><span style=\"color: #2ea121;\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.elepcb.com\/applications\/\" data-lark-is-custom=\"true\">applications<\/a><\/span>. In the former case, a low-resistance circuit base can <span style=\"color: #2ea121;\">reduce signal <\/span><span style=\"color: #2ea121;\">attenuation<\/span> and <span style=\"color: #2ea121;\">improve the quality and speed of signal transmission<\/span>; while in circuits that need to carry high currents, a low-resistance circuit board base can <span style=\"color: #2ea121;\">reduce energy loss<\/span> and thus <span style=\"color: #2ea121;\">improve efficiency<\/span>.<\/div><div class=\"ace-line ace-line old-record-id-BXmXdF0AVoqs79xrR2DccoZAnmg\">In short, if heat dissipation is met or in high current situations, it may have low resistance.<\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-715eb7c3 elementor-section-boxed 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action=\"https:\/\/www.mclpcb.com\/capabilities\/#wpcf7-f5-p60-o1\" method=\"post\" novalidate=\"novalidate\" data-status=\"init\" data-fx-id=\"1587946425258918\"><div class=\"contact-inner\" style=\"max-width: 846px; margin: 0px auto;\"><p style=\"font-size: 15px; line-height: 1.58em; margin-right: auto; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: auto; padding: 25px 0px 15px; text-align: center; max-width: 846px;\">We provide technical expertise form prototype through production, increasing speed to market by 20%.<\/p><p>\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0Contact us below to start discussing your project with our Technical Experts today.<\/p><p>\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0Whether you already have Gerber Files, submit a\u00a0Quick Quote\u00a0for free estimate.<\/p><\/div><\/form><\/div><\/div>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-5782c747 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id=\"form-field-field_c168eb1-11\" name=\"form_fields[field_c168eb1][]\"> <label for=\"form-field-field_c168eb1-11\">Heavy Copper<\/label><\/span><span class=\"elementor-field-option\"><input type=\"checkbox\" value=\"PCB Assembly\" id=\"form-field-field_c168eb1-12\" name=\"form_fields[field_c168eb1][]\"> <label for=\"form-field-field_c168eb1-12\">PCB Assembly<\/label><\/span><span class=\"elementor-field-option\"><input type=\"checkbox\" value=\"Components Sourcing\" id=\"form-field-field_c168eb1-13\" name=\"form_fields[field_c168eb1][]\"> <label for=\"form-field-field_c168eb1-13\">Components Sourcing<\/label><\/span><span class=\"elementor-field-option\"><input type=\"checkbox\" value=\"Other\" id=\"form-field-field_c168eb1-14\" name=\"form_fields[field_c168eb1][]\"> <label for=\"form-field-field_c168eb1-14\">Other<\/label><\/span><\/div>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-field-type-upload elementor-field-group elementor-column elementor-field-group-field_2cea676 elementor-col-100\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<label for=\"form-field-field_2cea676\" class=\"elementor-field-label\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\tUpload Your Files (Optional)\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/label>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<input type=\"file\" name=\"form_fields[field_2cea676]\" id=\"form-field-field_2cea676\" class=\"elementor-field elementor-size-sm  elementor-upload-field\">\n\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-field-type-textarea elementor-field-group elementor-column elementor-field-group-field_9ceb2c8 elementor-col-100\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<label for=\"form-field-field_9ceb2c8\" class=\"elementor-field-label\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\tMessage\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/label>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<textarea class=\"elementor-field-textual elementor-field  elementor-size-sm\" name=\"form_fields[field_9ceb2c8]\" id=\"form-field-field_9ceb2c8\" rows=\"4\"><\/textarea>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-field-group elementor-column elementor-field-type-submit elementor-col-100 e-form__buttons\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<button class=\"elementor-button elementor-size-sm\" type=\"submit\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-button-content-wrapper\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-button-text\">Submit<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/button>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/form>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-33 elementor-inner-column elementor-element elementor-element-123957a9\" data-id=\"123957a9\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Materiali per PCB ad alta tensione<br \/>\nQuando si vuole selezionare il materiale giusto per il PCB ad alta tensione, si utilizza un criterio di selezione chiamato CTI (Comparative Tracking Index). Il CTI definisce la tensione massima che un PCB pu\u00f2 sopportare prima di rompersi e creare una maggiore conduttivit\u00e0. Secondo lo standard IEC-60950, esistono valori specifici di CTI che rappresentano il giusto tipo di materiale utilizzato per i PCB ad alta tensione.<br \/>\nI materiali comuni ampiamente utilizzati nella produzione di PCB ad alta tensione comprendono.<br \/>\n1. HVPF (Teflon ad alta tensione)<br \/>\n2. BT epossidico<br \/>\n3. Laminati rigidi a polimerizzazione fenolica<br \/>\n4. Laminato Isola<br \/>\nPer scegliere il materiale pi\u00f9 adatto alle vostre esigenze di tensione, potete considerare alcuni dei seguenti fattori.<br \/>\n1. Durezza<br \/>\n2. Resistenza alla trazione<br \/>\n3. Resistenza agli agenti chimici<br \/>\n4. Espansione termica<br \/>\n5. Rigidit\u00e0 dielettrica<br \/>\nParametri di Creepage e Clearance nella progettazione di PCB HV<br \/>\nUna scheda HV efficace deve essere conforme agli standard UL e IEC. Esiste una distanza minima da incorporare tra i componenti per evitare danni. \u00c8 qui che entrano in gioco la distanza di creepage e la distanza di sicurezza.<\/p>","protected":false},"author":18,"featured_media":18039,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[1],"tags":[134,129,126],"class_list":["post-18036","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-pcb-knowledge","tag-pcb-design","tag-pcb-manufacturing","tag-pcb-material"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.elepcb.com\/it\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/18036","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.elepcb.com\/it\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.elepcb.com\/it\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.elepcb.com\/it\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/18"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.elepcb.com\/it\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=18036"}],"version-history":[{"count":47,"href":"https:\/\/www.elepcb.com\/it\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/18036\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":18386,"href":"https:\/\/www.elepcb.com\/it\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/18036\/revisions\/18386"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.elepcb.com\/it\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/18039"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.elepcb.com\/it\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=18036"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.elepcb.com\/it\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=18036"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.elepcb.com\/it\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=18036"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}