{"id":18463,"date":"2025-02-11T18:27:36","date_gmt":"2025-02-11T10:27:36","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.elepcb.com\/?p=18463"},"modified":"2025-03-28T16:59:32","modified_gmt":"2025-03-28T08:59:32","slug":"pcb-bonding-type-material-application-manufacturing","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.elepcb.com\/it\/blog\/pcb-knowledge\/pcb-bonding-type-material-application-manufacturing\/","title":{"rendered":"Incollaggio di PCB: Tipo, materiale, applicazione e produzione"},"content":{"rendered":"\t\t<div data-elementor-type=\"wp-post\" data-elementor-id=\"18463\" class=\"elementor elementor-18463\" data-elementor-post-type=\"post\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-53ff7e7d elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"53ff7e7d\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\" data-settings=\"{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-57d2cdbd\" data-id=\"57d2cdbd\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-2edf5f64 elementor-toc--minimized-on-tablet elementor-widget elementor-widget-table-of-contents\" data-id=\"2edf5f64\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-settings=\"{&quot;exclude_headings_by_selector&quot;:[],&quot;headings_by_tags&quot;:[&quot;h2&quot;,&quot;h3&quot;],&quot;no_headings_message&quot;:&quot;No headings were found on this page.&quot;,&quot;marker_view&quot;:&quot;numbers&quot;,&quot;minimize_box&quot;:&quot;yes&quot;,&quot;minimized_on&quot;:&quot;tablet&quot;,&quot;hierarchical_view&quot;:&quot;yes&quot;,&quot;min_height&quot;:{&quot;unit&quot;:&quot;px&quot;,&quot;size&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;sizes&quot;:[]},&quot;min_height_tablet&quot;:{&quot;unit&quot;:&quot;px&quot;,&quot;size&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;sizes&quot;:[]},&quot;min_height_mobile&quot;:{&quot;unit&quot;:&quot;px&quot;,&quot;size&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;sizes&quot;:[]}}\" data-widget_type=\"table-of-contents.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-toc__header\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<h4 class=\"elementor-toc__header-title\">\n\t\t\t\tTable of Contents\t\t\t<\/h4>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-toc__toggle-button elementor-toc__toggle-button--expand\" role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" aria-controls=\"elementor-toc__2edf5f64\" aria-expanded=\"true\" aria-label=\"Open table of contents\"><i aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"fas fa-chevron-down\"><\/i><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-toc__toggle-button elementor-toc__toggle-button--collapse\" role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" aria-controls=\"elementor-toc__2edf5f64\" aria-expanded=\"true\" aria-label=\"Close table of contents\"><i aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"fas fa-chevron-up\"><\/i><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-toc__2edf5f64\" class=\"elementor-toc__body\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-toc__spinner-container\">\n\t\t\t\t<i class=\"elementor-toc__spinner eicon-animation-spin eicon-loading\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/i>\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-3d268e4b elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"3d268e4b\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div data-page-id=\"K5cQdPyqAoIVz9xiCVzcrjK4n2e\" data-lark-html-role=\"root\" data-docx-has-block-data=\"false\"><div data-page-id=\"K5cQdPyqAoIVz9xiCVzcrjK4n2e\" data-lark-html-role=\"root\" data-docx-has-block-data=\"false\"><div><div data-page-id=\"ZzVndCoYjoIIzhx50mjcQDcLnue\" data-lark-html-role=\"root\" data-docx-has-block-data=\"false\"><div><div data-page-id=\"SKC7dw5mIo9QKNxSgwPcggXAnRh\" data-lark-html-role=\"root\" data-docx-has-block-data=\"false\"><div><div data-page-id=\"BaAqdv8UmonE8ZxHyouc2xGbn6c\" data-lark-html-role=\"root\" data-docx-has-block-data=\"false\"><div><div data-page-id=\"JEiCdO1I3ol0A5xSTaFcwUUWnPd\" data-lark-html-role=\"root\" data-docx-has-block-data=\"false\"><div class=\"ace-line ace-line old-record-id-LxJNdNPqLoNfMHxlQA3c9pWVndd\">PCB bonding plays an important role in the making of modern electronic gadgets, whether for consumer appliances or mission-critical <a href=\"https:\/\/www.elepcb.com\/blog\/a-guide-to-aerospace-pcb-assembly\/\" data-lark-is-custom=\"true\">aerospace<\/a> equipment.<\/div><div class=\"ace-line ace-line old-record-id-Y8osdII08orfvUxfEbwcU3WtnFb\">This comprehensive guide to <strong>bonding PCBs<\/strong> outlines details of the <span style=\"color: #2ea121;\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.elepcb.com\/blog\/guide-to-pcb-materials-and-features-of-fr-4-pcb-material\/\" data-lark-is-custom=\"true\">materials<\/a><\/span><span style=\"color: #2ea121;\">, processes, and bonding technologies<\/span> associated with PCBs. Let&#8217;s get started together with <a href=\"https:\/\/www.elepcb.com\/\" data-lark-is-custom=\"true\">ELEPCB<\/a>!<\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-268cf26 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"268cf26\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-4abab9ea\" data-id=\"4abab9ea\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-73e9f909 elementor-widget elementor-widget-spacer\" data-id=\"73e9f909\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"spacer.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-spacer\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-spacer-inner\"><\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-6928ebf7 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"6928ebf7\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-a5b31c0\" data-id=\"a5b31c0\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-639249a7 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"639249a7\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\"><b>What is PCB Bonding?<\/b><\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-4ad6e1e elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"4ad6e1e\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-e3e8945\" data-id=\"e3e8945\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-21f7aec elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"21f7aec\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div data-page-id=\"JEiCdO1I3ol0A5xSTaFcwUUWnPd\" data-lark-html-role=\"root\" data-docx-has-block-data=\"false\"><div class=\"ace-line ace-line old-record-id-Cuj6dFvXJoCrjLx2TsPcJkiXnIb\">PCB bonding is basically the <span style=\"color: #2ea121;\">joining process of <\/span><span style=\"color: #2ea121;\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.elepcb.com\/blog\/pcb-layers\/\" data-lark-is-custom=\"true\">layers<\/a><\/span><span style=\"color: #2ea121;\">, <\/span><span style=\"color: #2ea121;\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.elepcb.com\/blog\/pcb-components-sourcing\/\" data-lark-is-custom=\"true\">component<\/a><\/span><span style=\"color: #2ea121;\">s, and interconnections inside a <\/span><span style=\"color: #2ea121;\">printed circuit board<\/span>. The process extends simply beyond holding component parts together since the <a href=\"https:\/\/www.elepcb.com\/pcb-assembly-process-and-services\/\" data-lark-is-custom=\"true\">final assemblage<\/a> fulfills the set <a href=\"https:\/\/www.elepcb.com\/blog\/pcb-thermal-management\/\" data-lark-is-custom=\"true\">thermal<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/www.elepcb.com\/blog\/pcb-knowledge\/mechanical-stress-in-pcb-coating\/\" data-lark-is-custom=\"true\">mechanical<\/a>, and electric requirements.<\/div><div class=\"ace-line ace-line old-record-id-HVt1damwPopV68x8uFkcVgJHnye\">Every electronic device will basically have intricate bonding. Advanced devices, in particular <a href=\"https:\/\/www.elepcb.com\/blog\/mobile-pcb-board\/\" data-lark-is-custom=\"true\">smartphones<\/a>, and <a href=\"https:\/\/www.elepcb.com\/blog\/medical-pcb-manufacturing\/\" data-lark-is-custom=\"true\">medical<\/a> and auto control systems require it as well.<\/div><div class=\"ace-line ace-line old-record-id-PjqEdGucrozm7MxfwCycvImQnmv\" style=\"text-align: left;\">In the old days, PCBs were <span style=\"color: #2ea121;\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.elepcb.com\/blog\/soldering-defects\/\" data-lark-is-custom=\"true\">solder<\/a><\/span><span style=\"color: #2ea121;\">ed manually<\/span>. This is <span style=\"color: #d83931;\">time-consuming and error-prone<\/span>. With an increase in the demand for rapid production and miniaturization, new bonding techniques began to develop that changed the whole face of <a href=\"https:\/\/www.elepcb.com\/pcb-manufacturing-process-and-services\/\" data-lark-is-custom=\"true\">PCB manufacturing<\/a>. More specifically, this would mean bringing out a proper combination of <span style=\"color: #2ea121;\">structural integrity, electrical <\/span><span style=\"color: #2ea121;\">connectivity<\/span><span style=\"color: #2ea121;\">, and <\/span><span style=\"color: #2ea121;\">thermal efficiency<\/span> into harmonious relations.<\/div><\/div>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-d1ce064 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"d1ce064\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-528558a\" data-id=\"528558a\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-6081afc elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"6081afc\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\"><b>Types of PCB Bonding<\/b><\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-f317513 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"f317513\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-59a509e\" data-id=\"59a509e\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-78b61b7 elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"78b61b7\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/www.elepcb.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/elementor\/thumbs\/pcb-bonding-r1ccho9w8tqm6way7gilw1q8t2mqlxti4op4t58l28.jpg\" title=\"pcb bonding\" alt=\"pcb bonding\" loading=\"lazy\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-a0b0c35 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"a0b0c35\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-5aff0ed\" data-id=\"5aff0ed\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-319b9d9 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"319b9d9\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h3 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\"><b>Wire Bonding<\/b><\/h3>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-4fdea421 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"4fdea421\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-1100a6a2\" data-id=\"1100a6a2\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-inner-section elementor-element elementor-element-1da7f2ad elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"1da7f2ad\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-50 elementor-inner-column elementor-element elementor-element-78631900\" data-id=\"78631900\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-6070ae91 elementor-widget__width-initial elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"6070ae91\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div data-page-id=\"ZzVndCoYjoIIzhx50mjcQDcLnue\" data-lark-html-role=\"root\" data-docx-has-block-data=\"false\"><h4 style=\"text-align: left;\"><strong>Gold Wire Stitch Bonding:\u00a0<\/strong><\/h4><div data-page-id=\"SKC7dw5mIo9QKNxSgwPcggXAnRh\" data-lark-html-role=\"root\" data-docx-has-block-data=\"false\"><div data-page-id=\"BaAqdv8UmonE8ZxHyouc2xGbn6c\" data-lark-html-role=\"root\" data-docx-has-block-data=\"false\"><div data-page-id=\"D0D7d0KzCoy2Vvx6MvycmCiBnWc\" data-lark-html-role=\"root\" data-docx-has-block-data=\"false\"><ul class=\"list-bullet1\"><li class=\"ace-line ace-line old-record-id-F4gQdQSKzoklJhxs01Rc4CzTnrd\" data-list=\"bullet\">\u00a0This is the most common type of wire bonding, with <span style=\"background-color: transparent; font-family: var( --e-global-typography-secondary-font-family ), Sans-serif; font-weight: var( --e-global-typography-secondary-font-weight ); color: #2ea121;\">gold wire<\/span><span style=\"background-color: transparent; font-family: var( --e-global-typography-secondary-font-family ), Sans-serif; font-weight: var( --e-global-typography-secondary-font-weight );\"> used as the bonding material. Gold wire has <\/span><span style=\"background-color: transparent; font-family: var( --e-global-typography-secondary-font-family ), Sans-serif; font-weight: var( --e-global-typography-secondary-font-weight ); color: #2ea121;\">good electrical conductivity<\/span><span style=\"background-color: transparent; font-family: var( --e-global-typography-secondary-font-family ), Sans-serif; font-weight: var( --e-global-typography-secondary-font-weight );\"> and <\/span><span style=\"background-color: transparent; font-family: var( --e-global-typography-secondary-font-family ), Sans-serif; font-weight: var( --e-global-typography-secondary-font-weight ); color: #2ea121;\">chemical stability<\/span><span style=\"background-color: transparent; font-family: var( --e-global-typography-secondary-font-family ), Sans-serif; font-weight: var( --e-global-typography-secondary-font-weight );\">.\u00a0<\/span><\/li><li class=\"ace-line ace-line old-record-id-F4gQdQSKzoklJhxs01Rc4CzTnrd\" data-list=\"bullet\"><span style=\"background-color: transparent; font-family: var( --e-global-typography-secondary-font-family ), Sans-serif; font-weight: var( --e-global-typography-secondary-font-weight );\">During the PCB <\/span><span style=\"background-color: transparent; font-family: var( --e-global-typography-secondary-font-family ), Sans-serif; font-weight: var( --e-global-typography-secondary-font-weight ); color: #2ea121;\">wire bonding process<\/span><span style=\"background-color: transparent; font-family: var( --e-global-typography-secondary-font-family ), Sans-serif; font-weight: var( --e-global-typography-secondary-font-weight );\">, it can realize precise electrical connection.\u00a0<\/span><\/li><li class=\"ace-line ace-line old-record-id-F4gQdQSKzoklJhxs01Rc4CzTnrd\" data-list=\"bullet\"><span style=\"background-color: transparent; font-family: var( --e-global-typography-secondary-font-family ), Sans-serif; font-weight: var( --e-global-typography-secondary-font-weight );\">For example, in some miniaturized PCBs for mobile devices, <\/span><strong style=\"background-color: transparent; font-family: var( --e-global-typography-secondary-font-family ), Sans-serif;\">gold wire stitch bonding<\/strong><span style=\"background-color: transparent; font-family: var( --e-global-typography-secondary-font-family ), Sans-serif; font-weight: var( --e-global-typography-secondary-font-weight );\"> is widely used to connect <\/span><span style=\"background-color: transparent; font-family: var( --e-global-typography-secondary-font-family ), Sans-serif; font-weight: var( --e-global-typography-secondary-font-weight ); color: #2ea121;\">tiny chips and pads<\/span><span style=\"background-color: transparent; font-family: var( --e-global-typography-secondary-font-family ), Sans-serif; font-weight: var( --e-global-typography-secondary-font-weight );\"> on the PCB board.<\/span><\/li><\/ul><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-50 elementor-inner-column elementor-element elementor-element-5b803abd\" data-id=\"5b803abd\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-16193c4 elementor-widget__width-initial elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"16193c4\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div data-page-id=\"ZzVndCoYjoIIzhx50mjcQDcLnue\" data-lark-html-role=\"root\" data-docx-has-block-data=\"false\"><h4><strong>Copper Wire Bonding:\u00a0<\/strong><\/h4><div data-page-id=\"SKC7dw5mIo9QKNxSgwPcggXAnRh\" data-lark-html-role=\"root\" data-docx-has-block-data=\"false\"><div style=\"text-align: left;\"><div data-page-id=\"BaAqdv8UmonE8ZxHyouc2xGbn6c\" data-lark-html-role=\"root\" data-docx-has-block-data=\"false\"><div data-page-id=\"BaAqdv8UmonE8ZxHyouc2xGbn6c\" data-lark-html-role=\"root\" data-docx-has-block-data=\"false\"><div data-page-id=\"BaAqdv8UmonE8ZxHyouc2xGbn6c\" data-lark-html-role=\"root\" data-docx-has-block-data=\"false\"><div class=\"ace-line ace-line old-record-id-LF4KdYyBfo2koFxmCauciodZnRh\"><div data-page-id=\"D0D7d0KzCoy2Vvx6MvycmCiBnWc\" data-lark-html-role=\"root\" data-docx-has-block-data=\"false\"><ul class=\"list-bullet1\"><li class=\"ace-line ace-line old-record-id-LN1PdyhZToPKvjxkxrPcVxdznYb\" data-list=\"bullet\"><div>\u00a0<span style=\"background-color: transparent; font-family: var( --e-global-typography-secondary-font-family ), Sans-serif; font-weight: var( --e-global-typography-secondary-font-weight );\">The advantage of copper wire over gold wire is its relatively<\/span><span style=\"background-color: transparent; font-family: var( --e-global-typography-secondary-font-family ), Sans-serif; font-weight: var( --e-global-typography-secondary-font-weight ); color: #2ea121;\"> low cost<\/span><span style=\"background-color: transparent; font-family: var( --e-global-typography-secondary-font-family ), Sans-serif; font-weight: var( --e-global-typography-secondary-font-weight );\">. Copper wire bonding is increasingly used in <\/span><span style=\"background-color: transparent; font-family: var( --e-global-typography-secondary-font-family ), Sans-serif; font-weight: var( --e-global-typography-secondary-font-weight ); color: #2ea121;\">mass production <\/span><span style=\"background-color: transparent; font-family: var( --e-global-typography-secondary-font-family ), Sans-serif; font-weight: var( --e-global-typography-secondary-font-weight );\">bonding processes for PCBs. The soldering of PCB copper wire bonding mainly relies on <\/span><span style=\"background-color: transparent; font-family: var( --e-global-typography-secondary-font-family ), Sans-serif; font-weight: var( --e-global-typography-secondary-font-weight ); color: #2ea121;\">hot press<\/span><span style=\"background-color: transparent; font-family: var( --e-global-typography-secondary-font-family ), Sans-serif; font-weight: var( --e-global-typography-secondary-font-weight );\">, so there is a necessity for heat; in some other cases, when copper wire bonding uses <\/span><span style=\"background-color: transparent; font-family: var( --e-global-typography-secondary-font-family ), Sans-serif; font-weight: var( --e-global-typography-secondary-font-weight ); color: #2ea121;\">ultrasonic waves<\/span><span style=\"background-color: transparent; font-family: var( --e-global-typography-secondary-font-family ), Sans-serif; font-weight: var( --e-global-typography-secondary-font-weight );\"> as well, just room temperature could be needed.\u00a0<\/span><\/div><\/li><\/ul><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-7c6c31f elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"7c6c31f\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-86a0cd2\" data-id=\"86a0cd2\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-inner-section elementor-element elementor-element-6281513 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"6281513\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-33 elementor-inner-column elementor-element elementor-element-335b11a\" data-id=\"335b11a\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-0d45bab elementor-widget__width-initial elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"0d45bab\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div data-page-id=\"ZzVndCoYjoIIzhx50mjcQDcLnue\" data-lark-html-role=\"root\" data-docx-has-block-data=\"false\"><h4 style=\"text-align: left;\"><strong>Ultrasonic Wire Bonding:\u00a0<\/strong><\/h4><div data-page-id=\"SKC7dw5mIo9QKNxSgwPcggXAnRh\" data-lark-html-role=\"root\" data-docx-has-block-data=\"false\"><div data-page-id=\"BaAqdv8UmonE8ZxHyouc2xGbn6c\" data-lark-html-role=\"root\" data-docx-has-block-data=\"false\"><div data-page-id=\"D0D7d0KzCoy2Vvx6MvycmCiBnWc\" data-lark-html-role=\"root\" data-docx-has-block-data=\"false\"><ul class=\"list-bullet1\"><li class=\"ace-line ace-line old-record-id-F4gQdQSKzoklJhxs01Rc4CzTnrd\" data-list=\"bullet\"><div><div data-page-id=\"JEiCdO1I3ol0A5xSTaFcwUUWnPd\" data-lark-html-role=\"root\" data-docx-has-block-data=\"false\"><div class=\"ace-line ace-line old-record-id-ViXndlUu2oVaruxKjKZcMUh7nxO\">The ultrasonic wire bonding method works by applying <span style=\"color: #2ea121;\">ultrasonic energy<\/span> between the <span style=\"color: #2ea121;\">wire and the pad<\/span> for a strong bond. In the process of the bonding board, ultrasonic wire bonding is capable of connecting the wire for <strong>pcb<\/strong><strong> wire bonding equipment<\/strong> to the bond pad on the pcb board. It can realize high-precision bonding design, such as accurate control of <span style=\"color: #2ea121;\">wire shape and connection position<\/span>.<\/div><\/div><\/div><\/li><\/ul><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-33 elementor-inner-column elementor-element elementor-element-5909a8c\" data-id=\"5909a8c\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-1b5d929 elementor-widget__width-initial elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"1b5d929\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div data-page-id=\"ZzVndCoYjoIIzhx50mjcQDcLnue\" data-lark-html-role=\"root\" data-docx-has-block-data=\"false\"><h4><strong>Ball Bonding:\u00a0<\/strong><\/h4><div data-page-id=\"SKC7dw5mIo9QKNxSgwPcggXAnRh\" data-lark-html-role=\"root\" data-docx-has-block-data=\"false\"><div style=\"text-align: left;\"><div data-page-id=\"BaAqdv8UmonE8ZxHyouc2xGbn6c\" data-lark-html-role=\"root\" data-docx-has-block-data=\"false\"><div data-page-id=\"BaAqdv8UmonE8ZxHyouc2xGbn6c\" data-lark-html-role=\"root\" data-docx-has-block-data=\"false\"><div data-page-id=\"BaAqdv8UmonE8ZxHyouc2xGbn6c\" data-lark-html-role=\"root\" data-docx-has-block-data=\"false\"><div><div data-page-id=\"D0D7d0KzCoy2Vvx6MvycmCiBnWc\" data-lark-html-role=\"root\" data-docx-has-block-data=\"false\"><ul><li data-list=\"bullet\"><div><div data-page-id=\"JEiCdO1I3ol0A5xSTaFcwUUWnPd\" data-lark-html-role=\"root\" data-docx-has-block-data=\"false\"><div>During the ball bonding process, a <span style=\"color: #2ea121;\">metal ball <\/span>is first formed at one end of the wire, and then this ball is bonded with a pad on either the PCB board or chip.\u00a0<\/div><\/div><\/div><\/li><li data-list=\"bullet\"><div>This method provides a <span style=\"color: #2ea121;\">larger contact area<\/span>, enhances stability in the connection, and finds essential <a href=\"https:\/\/www.elepcb.com\/applications\/\" data-lark-is-custom=\"true\">application<\/a>s in high-density PCB bonding.<\/div><\/li><\/ul><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-33 elementor-inner-column elementor-element elementor-element-7d5d725\" data-id=\"7d5d725\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-e87787b elementor-widget__width-initial elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"e87787b\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div data-page-id=\"ZzVndCoYjoIIzhx50mjcQDcLnue\" data-lark-html-role=\"root\" data-docx-has-block-data=\"false\"><h4><strong>Wedge Bonding:\u00a0<\/strong><\/h4><div data-page-id=\"SKC7dw5mIo9QKNxSgwPcggXAnRh\" data-lark-html-role=\"root\" data-docx-has-block-data=\"false\"><div style=\"text-align: left;\"><div data-page-id=\"BaAqdv8UmonE8ZxHyouc2xGbn6c\" data-lark-html-role=\"root\" data-docx-has-block-data=\"false\"><div data-page-id=\"BaAqdv8UmonE8ZxHyouc2xGbn6c\" data-lark-html-role=\"root\" data-docx-has-block-data=\"false\"><div data-page-id=\"BaAqdv8UmonE8ZxHyouc2xGbn6c\" data-lark-html-role=\"root\" data-docx-has-block-data=\"false\"><div><div data-page-id=\"D0D7d0KzCoy2Vvx6MvycmCiBnWc\" data-lark-html-role=\"root\" data-docx-has-block-data=\"false\"><ul><li data-list=\"bullet\"><div><div data-page-id=\"JEiCdO1I3ol0A5xSTaFcwUUWnPd\" data-lark-html-role=\"root\" data-docx-has-block-data=\"false\"><div>The bonding is facilitated by a <span style=\"color: #2ea121;\">wedge tool<\/span> which presses a <span style=\"color: #2ea121;\">metal wire<\/span> on the pad.\u00a0<\/div><\/div><\/div><\/li><li data-list=\"bullet\"><div>Compared with ball bonding, wedge bonding has some unique advantages in some special PCB bonding needs.<\/div><\/li><li data-list=\"bullet\"><div>For example, to provide reliable electrical connection within <span style=\"color: #2ea121;\">small spaces<\/span>.<\/div><\/li><\/ul><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-c92c81b elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"c92c81b\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-2ed859b\" data-id=\"2ed859b\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-92e9d2e elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"92e9d2e\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h3 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\"><b>Flip Chip Wire Bond<\/b><\/h3>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-0d4f129 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"0d4f129\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-4e6bdf7\" data-id=\"4e6bdf7\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-inner-section elementor-element elementor-element-d1e0872 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"d1e0872\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-inner-column elementor-element elementor-element-ac15706\" data-id=\"ac15706\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-9c57cfc elementor-widget__width-initial elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"9c57cfc\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p><strong>Flip chip<\/strong><strong> wire bond<\/strong> is a traditional packaging technology that connects a chip to external circuits by soldering metal wires (usually <span style=\"color: #2ea121;\">gold wires<\/span>) to the electrodes of the chip and then connecting the other end of the wires to the pins inside the package. Due to its <span style=\"color: #2ea121;\">low cost<\/span>, it is usually used for <span style=\"color: #2ea121;\">low to mid-range integrated circuits and cost-sensitive<\/span> application scenarios. In some specific cases (e.g., where customized packages or special connections are required), Wire Bond technology may be more appropriate.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-5fafbba elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"5fafbba\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-ace3f34\" data-id=\"ace3f34\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-3966519 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"3966519\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h3 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\"><b>Flip Chip Bonding<\/b><\/h3>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-e21aa02 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"e21aa02\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-027c15d\" data-id=\"027c15d\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-inner-section elementor-element elementor-element-a3ecac8 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"a3ecac8\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-inner-column elementor-element elementor-element-556d53e\" data-id=\"556d53e\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-3384f38 elementor-widget__width-initial elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"3384f38\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Opposite to wire bonding, <strong>flip chip<\/strong><strong> bonding <\/strong>is a process in which a <span style=\"color: #2ea121;\">chip is flipped over directly<\/span> and then connected to the circuit board. This bonding method can <span style=\"color: #2ea121;\">shorten the path of signal transmission greatly<\/span> and <span style=\"color: #2ea121;\">enhance electrical performance<\/span>. In some electronic devices requiring high speed and performance, like the PCB bonding of <span style=\"color: #2ea121;\">high-end computer chips<\/span>, flip chip bonding is the preferred bonding method. In <strong>die bonding<\/strong> processes, flip chip and wire bonding differ a lot in process and equipment, and must be realized with specialized technology and equipment.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-71fd5e1c elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"71fd5e1c\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-5cade902\" data-id=\"5cade902\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-5e3a6697 elementor-widget elementor-widget-accordion\" data-id=\"5e3a6697\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"accordion.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-accordion\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-accordion-item\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-title-1581\" class=\"elementor-tab-title\" data-tab=\"1\" role=\"button\" aria-controls=\"elementor-tab-content-1581\" aria-expanded=\"false\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-accordion-icon elementor-accordion-icon-left\" aria-hidden=\"true\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-accordion-icon-closed\"><i class=\"fas fa-caret-square-down\"><\/i><\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-accordion-icon-opened\"><i class=\"far fa-caret-square-up\"><\/i><\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<a class=\"elementor-accordion-title\" tabindex=\"0\">Table 1 Comparisom of Flip Chip Bonding, Flip Chip Wire Bond and Wire Bonding<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-content-1581\" class=\"elementor-tab-content elementor-clearfix\" data-tab=\"1\" role=\"region\" aria-labelledby=\"elementor-tab-title-1581\"><table style=\"border-collapse: collapse;\"><colgroup> <col width=\"159\" \/> <col width=\"216\" \/> <col width=\"181\" \/> <col width=\"202\" \/><\/colgroup><tbody><tr><td style=\"white-space: pre-wrap; border-width: 0.5pt; border-style: solid; border-color: #b1b7c0 #b1b7c0 #dee0e3; border-image: initial; font-size: 14pt; font-style: normal; font-weight: bold; vertical-align: middle; word-break: break-word; overflow-wrap: break-word; background-color: #15205e; color: #ffffff; text-align: center;\">Comparison<\/td><td style=\"white-space: pre-wrap; border-width: 0.5pt; border-style: solid; border-color: #b1b7c0 #b1b7c0 #dee0e3 #dee0e3; border-image: initial; font-size: 14pt; font-style: normal; font-weight: bold; vertical-align: middle; word-break: break-word; overflow-wrap: break-word; background-color: #15205e; color: #ffffff; text-align: center;\">Flip Chip Bonding<\/td><td style=\"white-space: pre-wrap; border-width: 0.5pt; border-style: solid; border-color: #b1b7c0 #b1b7c0 #dee0e3 #dee0e3; border-image: initial; font-size: 14pt; font-style: normal; font-weight: bold; vertical-align: middle; word-break: break-word; overflow-wrap: break-word; background-color: #15205e; color: #ffffff; text-align: center;\">Flip Chip Wire Bond<\/td><td style=\"white-space: pre-wrap; border-width: 0.5pt; border-style: solid; border-color: #b1b7c0 #b1b7c0 #dee0e3 #dee0e3; border-image: initial; font-size: 14pt; font-style: normal; font-weight: bold; vertical-align: middle; word-break: break-word; overflow-wrap: break-word; background-color: #15205e; color: #ffffff; text-align: center;\">Wire Bonding<\/td><\/tr><tr><td style=\"white-space: pre-wrap; border-width: 0.5pt; border-style: solid; border-color: #b1b7c0 #b1b7c0 #dee0e3; border-image: initial; font-size: 11pt; font-style: normal; font-weight: bold; vertical-align: middle; word-break: break-word; overflow-wrap: break-word; background-color: #fff5e9; color: #15205e; text-align: left;\">Connection Method<\/td><td style=\"white-space: pre-wrap; border-width: 0.5pt; border-style: solid; border-color: #b1b7c0 #b1b7c0 #dee0e3 #dee0e3; border-image: initial; font-size: 11pt; font-style: normal; font-weight: bold; vertical-align: middle; word-break: break-word; overflow-wrap: break-word; background-color: #fff5e9; color: #15205e; text-align: left;\">Connect the chip and the substrate using solder bumps<\/td><td style=\"white-space: pre-wrap; border-width: 0.5pt; border-style: solid; border-color: #b1b7c0 #b1b7c0 #dee0e3 #dee0e3; border-image: initial; font-size: 11pt; font-style: normal; font-weight: bold; vertical-align: middle; word-break: break-word; overflow-wrap: break-word; background-color: #fff5e9; color: #15205e; text-align: left;\">Connect the chip and the substrate using metal wires<\/td><td style=\"white-space: pre-wrap; border-width: 0.5pt; border-style: solid; border-color: #b1b7c0 #b1b7c0 #dee0e3 #dee0e3; border-image: initial; font-size: 11pt; font-style: normal; font-weight: bold; vertical-align: middle; word-break: break-word; overflow-wrap: break-word; background-color: #fff5e9; color: #15205e; text-align: left;\">The same as Flip Chip Wire Bond<\/td><\/tr><tr><td style=\"white-space: pre-wrap; border-width: 0.5pt; border-style: solid; border-color: #b1b7c0 #b1b7c0 #dee0e3; border-image: initial; font-size: 11pt; font-style: normal; font-weight: bold; vertical-align: middle; word-break: break-word; overflow-wrap: break-word; background-color: #fff5e9; color: #15205e; text-align: left;\">Material<\/td><td style=\"white-space: pre-wrap; border-width: 0.5pt; border-style: solid; border-color: #b1b7c0 #b1b7c0 #dee0e3 #dee0e3; border-image: initial; font-size: 11pt; font-style: normal; font-weight: bold; vertical-align: middle; word-break: break-word; overflow-wrap: break-word; background-color: #fff5e9; color: #15205e; text-align: left;\">Solder bumps<br \/>(such as solder balls)<\/td><td style=\"white-space: pre-wrap; border-width: 0.5pt; border-style: solid; border-color: #b1b7c0 #b1b7c0 #dee0e3 #dee0e3; border-image: initial; font-size: 11pt; font-style: normal; font-weight: bold; vertical-align: middle; word-break: break-word; overflow-wrap: break-word; background-color: #fff5e9; color: #15205e; text-align: left;\">Metal wires <br \/>(such as gold wires, aluminum wires or copper wires)<\/td><td style=\"white-space: pre-wrap; border-width: 0.5pt; border-style: solid; border-color: #b1b7c0 #b1b7c0 #dee0e3 #dee0e3; border-image: initial; font-size: 11pt; font-style: normal; font-weight: bold; vertical-align: middle; word-break: break-word; overflow-wrap: break-word; background-color: #fff5e9; color: #15205e; text-align: left;\">The same as Flip Chip Wire Bond<\/td><\/tr><tr><td style=\"white-space: pre-wrap; border-width: 0.5pt; border-style: solid; border-color: #b1b7c0 #b1b7c0 #dee0e3; border-image: initial; font-size: 11pt; font-style: normal; font-weight: bold; vertical-align: middle; word-break: break-word; overflow-wrap: break-word; background-color: #fff5e9; color: #15205e; text-align: left;\">Process Complexity<\/td><td style=\"white-space: pre-wrap; border-width: 0.5pt; border-style: solid; border-color: #b1b7c0 #b1b7c0 #dee0e3 #dee0e3; border-image: initial; font-size: 11pt; font-style: normal; font-weight: bold; vertical-align: middle; word-break: break-word; overflow-wrap: break-word; background-color: #fff5e9; color: #15205e; text-align: left;\">The highest, requiring precise solder bump fabrication and placement<\/td><td style=\"white-space: pre-wrap; border-width: 0.5pt; border-style: solid; border-color: #b1b7c0 #b1b7c0 #dee0e3 #dee0e3; border-image: initial; font-size: 11pt; font-style: normal; font-weight: bold; vertical-align: middle; word-break: break-word; overflow-wrap: break-word; background-color: #fff5e9; color: #15205e; text-align: left;\">High, requiring precise metal wire bonding<\/td><td style=\"white-space: pre-wrap; border-width: 0.5pt; border-style: solid; border-color: #b1b7c0 #b1b7c0 #dee0e3 #dee0e3; border-image: initial; font-size: 11pt; font-style: normal; font-weight: bold; vertical-align: middle; word-break: break-word; overflow-wrap: break-word; background-color: #fff5e9; color: #15205e; text-align: left;\">Low, the process is mature and widely used<\/td><\/tr><tr><td style=\"white-space: pre-wrap; border-width: 0.5pt; border-style: solid; border-color: #b1b7c0 #b1b7c0 #dee0e3; border-image: initial; font-size: 11pt; font-style: normal; font-weight: bold; vertical-align: middle; word-break: break-word; overflow-wrap: break-word; background-color: #fff5e9; color: #15205e; text-align: left;\">Electrical Perf.<\/td><td style=\"white-space: pre-wrap; border-width: 0.5pt; border-style: solid; border-color: #b1b7c0 #b1b7c0 #dee0e3 #dee0e3; border-image: initial; font-size: 11pt; font-style: normal; font-weight: bold; vertical-align: middle; word-break: break-word; overflow-wrap: break-word; background-color: #fff5e9; color: #15205e; text-align: left;\">Good<\/td><td style=\"white-space: pre-wrap; border-width: 0.5pt; border-style: solid; border-color: #b1b7c0 #b1b7c0 #dee0e3 #dee0e3; border-image: initial; font-size: 11pt; font-style: normal; font-weight: bold; vertical-align: middle; word-break: break-word; overflow-wrap: break-word; background-color: #fff5e9; color: #15205e; text-align: left;\">Good<\/td><td style=\"white-space: pre-wrap; border-width: 0.5pt; border-style: solid; border-color: #b1b7c0 #b1b7c0 #dee0e3 #dee0e3; border-image: initial; font-size: 11pt; font-style: normal; font-weight: bold; vertical-align: middle; word-break: break-word; overflow-wrap: break-word; background-color: #fff5e9; color: #15205e; text-align: left;\">Good, but may have relatively high resistance and inductance<\/td><\/tr><tr><td style=\"white-space: pre-wrap; border-width: 0.5pt; border-style: solid; border-color: #b1b7c0 #b1b7c0 #dee0e3; border-image: initial; font-size: 11pt; font-style: normal; font-weight: bold; vertical-align: middle; word-break: break-word; overflow-wrap: break-word; background-color: #fff5e9; color: #15205e; text-align: left;\">Thermal Perf.<\/td><td style=\"white-space: pre-wrap; border-width: 0.5pt; border-style: solid; border-color: #b1b7c0 #b1b7c0 #dee0e3 #dee0e3; border-image: initial; font-size: 11pt; font-style: normal; font-weight: bold; vertical-align: middle; word-break: break-word; overflow-wrap: break-word; background-color: #fff5e9; color: #15205e; text-align: left;\">Good<\/td><td style=\"white-space: pre-wrap; border-width: 0.5pt; border-style: solid; border-color: #b1b7c0 #b1b7c0 #dee0e3 #dee0e3; border-image: initial; font-size: 11pt; font-style: normal; font-weight: bold; vertical-align: middle; word-break: break-word; overflow-wrap: break-word; background-color: #fff5e9; color: #15205e; text-align: left;\">Good<\/td><td style=\"white-space: pre-wrap; border-width: 0.5pt; border-style: solid; border-color: #b1b7c0 #b1b7c0 #dee0e3 #dee0e3; border-image: initial; font-size: 11pt; font-style: normal; font-weight: bold; vertical-align: middle; word-break: break-word; overflow-wrap: break-word; background-color: #fff5e9; color: #15205e; text-align: left;\">May be poor, depending on the material of the metal wire and the bonding method<\/td><\/tr><tr><td style=\"white-space: pre-wrap; border-width: 0.5pt; border-style: solid; border-color: #b1b7c0 #b1b7c0 #dee0e3; border-image: initial; font-size: 11pt; font-style: normal; font-weight: bold; vertical-align: middle; word-break: break-word; overflow-wrap: break-word; background-color: #fff5e9; color: #15205e; text-align: left;\">Reliability<\/td><td style=\"white-space: pre-wrap; border-width: 0.5pt; border-style: solid; border-color: #b1b7c0 #b1b7c0 #dee0e3 #dee0e3; border-image: initial; font-size: 11pt; font-style: normal; font-weight: bold; vertical-align: middle; word-break: break-word; overflow-wrap: break-word; background-color: #fff5e9; color: #15205e; text-align: left;\">High, with firm solder joints and resistance to vibration<\/td><td style=\"white-space: pre-wrap; border-width: 0.5pt; border-style: solid; border-color: #b1b7c0 #b1b7c0 #dee0e3 #dee0e3; border-image: initial; font-size: 11pt; font-style: normal; font-weight: bold; vertical-align: middle; word-break: break-word; overflow-wrap: break-word; background-color: #fff5e9; color: #15205e; text-align: left;\">High, with firm metal wire bonding and resistance to vibration<\/td><td style=\"white-space: pre-wrap; border-width: 0.5pt; border-style: solid; border-color: #b1b7c0 #b1b7c0 #dee0e3 #dee0e3; border-image: initial; font-size: 11pt; font-style: normal; font-weight: bold; vertical-align: middle; word-break: break-word; overflow-wrap: break-word; background-color: #fff5e9; color: #15205e; text-align: left;\">High, but metal wires may have a risk of breakage<\/td><\/tr><tr><td style=\"white-space: pre-wrap; border-width: 0.5pt; border-style: solid; border-color: #b1b7c0 #b1b7c0 #dee0e3; border-image: initial; font-size: 11pt; font-style: normal; font-weight: bold; vertical-align: middle; word-break: break-word; overflow-wrap: break-word; background-color: #fff5e9; color: #15205e; text-align: left;\">Cost<\/td><td style=\"white-space: pre-wrap; border-width: 0.5pt; border-style: solid; border-color: #b1b7c0 #b1b7c0 #dee0e3 #dee0e3; border-image: initial; font-size: 11pt; font-style: normal; font-weight: bold; vertical-align: middle; word-break: break-word; overflow-wrap: break-word; background-color: #fff5e9; color: #15205e; text-align: left;\">The highest, with the most complex process and material cost<\/td><td style=\"white-space: pre-wrap; border-width: 0.5pt; border-style: solid; border-color: #b1b7c0 #b1b7c0 #dee0e3 #dee0e3; border-image: initial; font-size: 11pt; font-style: normal; font-weight: bold; vertical-align: middle; word-break: break-word; overflow-wrap: break-word; background-color: #fff5e9; color: #15205e; text-align: left;\">High<\/td><td style=\"white-space: pre-wrap; border-width: 0.5pt; border-style: solid; border-color: #b1b7c0 #b1b7c0 #dee0e3 #dee0e3; border-image: initial; font-size: 11pt; font-style: normal; font-weight: bold; vertical-align: middle; word-break: break-word; overflow-wrap: break-word; background-color: #fff5e9; color: #15205e; text-align: left;\">Low, the process is simple and the material cost is low<\/td><\/tr><tr><td style=\"white-space: pre-wrap; border-width: 0.5pt; border-style: solid; border-color: #b1b7c0 #b1b7c0 #dee0e3; border-image: initial; font-size: 11pt; font-style: normal; font-weight: bold; vertical-align: middle; word-break: break-word; overflow-wrap: break-word; background-color: #fff5e9; color: #15205e; text-align: left;\">Application Field<\/td><td style=\"white-space: pre-wrap; border-width: 0.5pt; border-style: solid; border-color: #b1b7c0 #b1b7c0 #dee0e3 #dee0e3; border-image: initial; font-size: 11pt; font-style: normal; font-weight: bold; vertical-align: middle; word-break: break-word; overflow-wrap: break-word; background-color: #fff5e9; color: #15205e; text-align: left;\">High, end chip packaging, such as CPU and GPU<\/td><td style=\"white-space: pre-wrap; border-width: 0.5pt; border-style: solid; border-color: #b1b7c0 #b1b7c0 #dee0e3 #dee0e3; border-image: initial; font-size: 11pt; font-style: normal; font-weight: bold; vertical-align: middle; word-break: break-word; overflow-wrap: break-word; background-color: #fff5e9; color: #15205e; text-align: left;\">High, end chip packaging, such as CPU and GPU<\/td><td style=\"white-space: pre-wrap; border-width: 0.5pt; border-style: solid; border-color: #b1b7c0 #b1b7c0 #dee0e3 #dee0e3; border-image: initial; font-size: 11pt; font-style: normal; font-weight: bold; vertical-align: middle; word-break: break-word; overflow-wrap: break-word; background-color: #fff5e9; color: #15205e; text-align: left;\">Widely used in various semiconductor device packaging<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-e600b6d elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"e600b6d\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-668db71\" data-id=\"668db71\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-85835e0 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"85835e0\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\"><b>Key Elements in PCB Bonding<\/b><\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-7abd2597 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"7abd2597\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-50 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-2b92d94b\" data-id=\"2b92d94b\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-1f64df70 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"1f64df70\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div data-page-id=\"O4B1dmtbOorvZJxf8mkcMYuenVe\" data-lark-html-role=\"root\" data-docx-has-block-data=\"false\"><h3><strong>Bonded Wire\u00a0<\/strong><\/h3><div><div data-page-id=\"JEiCdO1I3ol0A5xSTaFcwUUWnPd\" data-lark-html-role=\"root\" data-docx-has-block-data=\"false\"><div>Whether it is wire bonding or flip chip bonding, <strong>bonded wire<\/strong> is the key part to realize the electrical connection. In this case, its quality and performance directly influence the quality of PCB bonding.\u00a0<\/div><div>\u00a0<\/div><div>For example, in wire bonding, the <span style=\"color: #2ea121;\">diameter, material<\/span> (such as <span style=\"color: #2ea121;\">gold or <\/span><span style=\"color: #2ea121;\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.elepcb.com\/pcb-products\/ele-copper-pcb-board\/\" data-lark-is-custom=\"true\">copper<\/a><\/span><span style=\"color: #2ea121;\"> wire<\/span>), and <span style=\"color: #2ea121;\">mechanical properties<\/span> of the bonded wire should be strictly controlled to precisely perform wire fusion bonding, i.e., a <span style=\"color: #2ea121;\">good metallurgical bond<\/span> between the metal wires and the pad is to be formed during the bonding process.<\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-50 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-d1634f2\" data-id=\"d1634f2\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-058fbe3 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"058fbe3\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div data-page-id=\"O4B1dmtbOorvZJxf8mkcMYuenVe\" data-lark-html-role=\"root\" data-docx-has-block-data=\"false\">\n<h3><strong>Bond Pad<\/strong><\/h3>\n<div>\n<div data-page-id=\"JEiCdO1I3ol0A5xSTaFcwUUWnPd\" data-lark-html-role=\"root\" data-docx-has-block-data=\"false\">\n<div>The <strong>bond pad design<\/strong> is highly critical on the PCB and chip for bonding. The effect of bonding involves the <span style=\"color: #2ea121;\">size, shape, spacing, and surface treatment<\/span> of the pads. In designing bonding, one needs to optimally design a bond pad considering the kind of <span style=\"color: #2ea121;\">bonded wire<\/span> and the method adopted in bonding.&nbsp;<\/div>\n<div>&nbsp;<\/div>\n<div>Thus, <span style=\"color: #2ea121;\">surface <\/span><span style=\"color: #2ea121;\">flatness<\/span><span style=\"color: #2ea121;\"> and roughness<\/span> of the bonding pad should be according to the specification during the ball bonding process, and the metal ball will stick to it.<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-a66be35 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"a66be35\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-810531d\" data-id=\"810531d\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-3a28675 elementor-widget elementor-widget-spacer\" data-id=\"3a28675\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"spacer.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-spacer\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-spacer-inner\"><\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-7c704fa elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"7c704fa\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-c6d64e2\" data-id=\"c6d64e2\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-c7bfe0f elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"c7bfe0f\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\"><b>Status and Challenges Analysis of <\/b><br><b>PCB Bonding Technology<\/b><\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-3e1ae27a elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"3e1ae27a\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-50 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-782c57c5\" data-id=\"782c57c5\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-f6d66b2 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"f6d66b2\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h3 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\"><b>I. Status of Technology Development<\/b><\/h3>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-355c437 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"355c437\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div data-page-id=\"ZZj9dIGqOovHdqxH9pncjp4jn8f\" data-lark-html-role=\"root\" data-docx-has-block-data=\"false\">\n<div class=\"ace-line ace-line old-record-id-O1dvdfClOotNL7xDhalcuuNLnyh\">\n<div data-page-id=\"ZZj9dIGqOovHdqxH9pncjp4jn8f\" data-lark-html-role=\"root\" data-docx-has-block-data=\"false\">\n<div class=\"ace-line ace-line old-record-id-O1dvdfClOotNL7xDhalcuuNLnyh\">\n<div data-page-id=\"JEiCdO1I3ol0A5xSTaFcwUUWnPd\" data-lark-html-role=\"root\" data-docx-has-block-data=\"false\">\n<ol class=\"list-number1\" start=\"1\">\n<li class=\"ace-line ace-line old-record-id-DzYqdcHRBo0siPxWk9OcAQyRnD3\" data-list=\"number\">Innovation in process technology &#8220;head equipment vendors such as Kulicke &amp; Soffa introduced the iStack Ultra equipment to achieve 30\u03bcm pitch mass production capacity [1], which uses closed-loop control of thermosonic bonding technology can be gold ball diameter standard deviation control to <span style=\"color: #2ea121;\">\u00b1 0.7\u03bcm<\/span> [2]. By optimizing the combination of ultrasonic energy (<span style=\"color: #2ea121;\">120-180kHz)<\/span> and bonding pressure (<span style=\"color: #2ea121;\">50-120g<\/span>) parameters [3], the one-time pass rate of QFP encapsulation is increased to 99.95% [4].<\/li>\n<li class=\"ace-line ace-line old-record-id-QdTQdHaWloXwI6xgTd1cTdpTnWh\" data-list=\"number\">Material system evolution &#8220;Heraeus developed AuAgPd (20-5-75) alloy wire that sustains wire pull <span style=\"color: #2ea121;\">strength &gt;10gf at 150\u00b0C\/85% <\/span>RH [5]. Shinko MCF-7000 copper-clad laminates with nanoscale roughening have bond pad peel strength of <span style=\"color: #2ea121;\">12N \/cm<\/span> [6].Tanaka&#8217;s Cu@Ag core-shell wire resistance <span style=\"color: #2ea121;\">&lt;5m\u03a9\/mm<\/span> [7].&#8221;<\/li>\n<li class=\"ace-line ace-line old-record-id-USy3dVvpPo5NUGx3JQXcfeY7nYd\" data-list=\"number\">Smart Manufacturing Applications &#8220;ASE Suzhou factory deployed smart production line to achieve <span style=\"color: #2ea121;\">\u00b10.3\u03bcm<\/span> thermal displacement compensation [8] and integrated 18-dimensional parameter real-time monitoring system [9]. Digital twin model <span style=\"color: #2ea121;\">enables 40%<\/span> shorter cycle time for new product introduction (source: ASE 2024Q2 investor presentation).&#8221;<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-50 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-6287459d\" data-id=\"6287459d\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-78965fd4 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"78965fd4\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h3 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\"><b>II. Core Challenge Analysis<\/b><\/h3>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-6bfab3cb elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"6bfab3cb\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div data-page-id=\"ZZj9dIGqOovHdqxH9pncjp4jn8f\" data-lark-html-role=\"root\" data-docx-has-block-data=\"false\"><div><div data-page-id=\"ZZj9dIGqOovHdqxH9pncjp4jn8f\" data-lark-html-role=\"root\" data-docx-has-block-data=\"false\"><div><div data-page-id=\"JEiCdO1I3ol0A5xSTaFcwUUWnPd\" data-lark-html-role=\"root\" data-docx-has-block-data=\"false\"><ol class=\"list-number1\" start=\"1\"><li class=\"ace-line ace-line old-record-id-JmpwdbejrolvJtx75zucsya1nr7\" data-list=\"number\">Microscale accuracy bottleneck &#8220;3D SiP packaging requires handling <span style=\"color: #2ea121;\">\u00b15\u03bcm<\/span> die stacking error [10], and<span style=\"color: #2ea121;\"> 50\u03bcm<\/span> pitch leads to <span style=\"color: #2ea121;\">300% increase<\/span> in SHORT risk (source: IEEE EPTC 2023 Proceedings). Femtosecond laser-assisted positioning technology enables<span style=\"color: #2ea121;\"> 0.1\u03bcm-level<\/span> alignment (source: Coherent&#8217;s technical white paper).&#8221;<\/li><li class=\"ace-line ace-line old-record-id-I8FTdeLaboQuAKxQ7PkcOoOOngh\" data-list=\"number\">Quality inspection issues &#8220;Conventional AOI has a<span style=\"color: #2ea121;\"> &lt;65% detection rate <\/span>for micro cracks [11], and X-ray inspection reduces throughput by<span style=\"color: #2ea121;\"> 20%<\/span>&#8220;. Terahertz time-domain spectroscopy enables the detection of <span style=\"color: #2ea121;\">10\u03bcm\u00b3 voids<\/span> [12].<\/li><li class=\"ace-line ace-line old-record-id-IVCkdTYIUolz5bxoMIgcK082nud\" data-list=\"number\">Cost control challenges &#8220;<span style=\"color: #2ea121;\">42%<\/span> of material cost in QFN packages [13], Cu pillar bonding enables 4X increase in I\/O density [14]. Predictive maintenance has increased MTBF to <span style=\"color: #2ea121;\">8,000 hours<\/span> (source: Rockwell Automation Industrial IoT report)&#8221;.<\/li><\/ol><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-a857b90 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"a857b90\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h3 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\"><b>III. Case Study<\/b><\/h3>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-261019b3 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"261019b3\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div data-page-id=\"ZZj9dIGqOovHdqxH9pncjp4jn8f\" data-lark-html-role=\"root\" data-docx-has-block-data=\"false\"><div><div data-page-id=\"ZZj9dIGqOovHdqxH9pncjp4jn8f\" data-lark-html-role=\"root\" data-docx-has-block-data=\"false\"><div><div data-page-id=\"ZZj9dIGqOovHdqxH9pncjp4jn8f\" data-lark-html-role=\"root\" data-docx-has-block-data=\"false\"><div class=\"ace-line ace-line old-record-id-WwtZdL3alo6djNxmNDbcJ0bQnFc\"><div data-page-id=\"JEiCdO1I3ol0A5xSTaFcwUUWnPd\" data-lark-html-role=\"root\" data-docx-has-block-data=\"false\"><div class=\"ace-line ace-line old-record-id-Og8vdJwYSowTFLxwOm1cfPA2nRf\">A Tier 1 automotive electronics supplier reached <span style=\"color: #2ea121;\">99.97%<\/span> yield [15] with hybrid bonding technology, reduced unit cost by<span style=\"color: #2ea121;\"> 22%<\/span> (source: company ESG report 2023), and passed <strong>ISO 26262<\/strong><strong> ASIL-D certification<\/strong> (source: T\u00dcV Rheinland certification document).<\/div><\/div><p>\u00a0<\/p><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-6fdab424 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"6fdab424\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-30772d9a\" data-id=\"30772d9a\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-4753d39c elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"4753d39c\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\"><b>Materials Used in Bonding Board<\/b><\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-1b98266 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"1b98266\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-c3983b5\" data-id=\"c3983b5\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-72dc8ee elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"72dc8ee\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div data-page-id=\"JEiCdO1I3ol0A5xSTaFcwUUWnPd\" data-lark-html-role=\"root\" data-docx-has-block-data=\"false\"><div class=\"ace-line ace-line old-record-id-FnuMdeu47onhirx6QwScxqkonSh\">Materials used for the bonding of PCBs must possess all the properties, i.e., <span style=\"color: #2ea121;\">strength, conductivity, and thermal<\/span>.<\/div><\/div>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-55cbd59 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"55cbd59\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-50 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-238514b\" data-id=\"238514b\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-40f09e1 elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"40f09e1\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img fetchpriority=\"high\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"646\" height=\"590\" src=\"https:\/\/www.elepcb.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/01\/Urethane-Resin-UR-Coating-e1716357626370.png\" class=\"attachment-full size-full wp-image-4362\" alt=\"Urethane Resin (UR) Conformal Coating\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.elepcb.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/01\/Urethane-Resin-UR-Coating-e1716357626370.png 646w, https:\/\/www.elepcb.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/01\/Urethane-Resin-UR-Coating-e1716357626370-300x274.png 300w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 646px) 100vw, 646px\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-50 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-0df93aa\" data-id=\"0df93aa\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-60212e5 elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"60212e5\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/www.elepcb.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/elementor\/thumbs\/Silicone-Resin-SR-Conformal-Coatings-e1716356724571-qoit3zbb04esfwkqbnqtwfxjqhlm18541an8vt5ku0.png\" title=\"Silicone Resin (SR) Conformal Coatings\" alt=\"Silicone Resin (SR) Conformal Coating\" loading=\"lazy\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-75de448 elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"75de448\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img decoding=\"async\" width=\"500\" height=\"291\" src=\"https:\/\/www.elepcb.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/Rosin-Flux-1.png\" class=\"attachment-medium_large size-medium_large wp-image-12848\" alt=\"\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.elepcb.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/Rosin-Flux-1.png 500w, https:\/\/www.elepcb.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/Rosin-Flux-1-300x175.png 300w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 500px) 100vw, 500px\">\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-5a003440 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"5a003440\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-2bdc3dcb\" data-id=\"2bdc3dcb\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-inner-section elementor-element elementor-element-d81874c elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"d81874c\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-50 elementor-inner-column elementor-element elementor-element-7802f18a\" data-id=\"7802f18a\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-72d6913e elementor-widget__width-initial elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"72d6913e\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div data-page-id=\"ZzVndCoYjoIIzhx50mjcQDcLnue\" data-lark-html-role=\"root\" data-docx-has-block-data=\"false\"><h4 style=\"text-align: left;\"><b>Prepregs<\/b><\/h4><div data-page-id=\"SKC7dw5mIo9QKNxSgwPcggXAnRh\" data-lark-html-role=\"root\" data-docx-has-block-data=\"false\"><div data-page-id=\"BaAqdv8UmonE8ZxHyouc2xGbn6c\" data-lark-html-role=\"root\" data-docx-has-block-data=\"false\"><div data-page-id=\"O4B1dmtbOorvZJxf8mkcMYuenVe\" data-lark-html-role=\"root\" data-docx-has-block-data=\"false\"><div><div data-page-id=\"O4B1dmtbOorvZJxf8mkcMYuenVe\" data-lark-html-role=\"root\" data-docx-has-block-data=\"false\"><div><div data-page-id=\"JEiCdO1I3ol0A5xSTaFcwUUWnPd\" data-lark-html-role=\"root\" data-docx-has-block-data=\"false\"><div>Prepregs or pre-impregnated resins are mainly used in the fabrication of <a href=\"https:\/\/www.elepcb.com\/pcb-products\/multilayer-pcb\/\" data-lark-is-custom=\"true\">multilayer<\/a> PCBs. This is because they possess<span style=\"color: #2ea121;\"> superior dielectric<\/span> and <span style=\"color: #2ea121;\">thermal resistance<\/span><span style=\"color: #2ea121;\"> properties<\/span>.\u00a0<\/div><div>\u00a0<\/div><div>They are usually in the form of a <span style=\"color: #2ea121;\">fiberglass<\/span><span style=\"color: #2ea121;\"> sheet<\/span> fully impregnated with resin. On curing, the resin acts as a <span style=\"color: #2ea121;\">bonding agent<\/span> between layers.<\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-50 elementor-inner-column elementor-element elementor-element-2ef28340\" data-id=\"2ef28340\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-1fa1b29b elementor-widget__width-initial elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"1fa1b29b\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div data-page-id=\"ZzVndCoYjoIIzhx50mjcQDcLnue\" data-lark-html-role=\"root\" data-docx-has-block-data=\"false\"><h3><b>Adhesives<\/b><\/h3><div data-page-id=\"SKC7dw5mIo9QKNxSgwPcggXAnRh\" data-lark-html-role=\"root\" data-docx-has-block-data=\"false\"><div style=\"text-align: left;\"><div data-page-id=\"BaAqdv8UmonE8ZxHyouc2xGbn6c\" data-lark-html-role=\"root\" data-docx-has-block-data=\"false\"><div data-page-id=\"BaAqdv8UmonE8ZxHyouc2xGbn6c\" data-lark-html-role=\"root\" data-docx-has-block-data=\"false\"><div data-page-id=\"BaAqdv8UmonE8ZxHyouc2xGbn6c\" data-lark-html-role=\"root\" data-docx-has-block-data=\"false\"><div data-page-id=\"O4B1dmtbOorvZJxf8mkcMYuenVe\" data-lark-html-role=\"root\" data-docx-has-block-data=\"false\"><div class=\" old-record-id-Gijxdo9aIoMuOaxIzlQcSEPGnhd\"><div data-page-id=\"O4B1dmtbOorvZJxf8mkcMYuenVe\" data-lark-html-role=\"root\" data-docx-has-block-data=\"false\"><div class=\" old-record-id-Gijxdo9aIoMuOaxIzlQcSEPGnhd\"><div data-page-id=\"JEiCdO1I3ol0A5xSTaFcwUUWnPd\" data-lark-html-role=\"root\" data-docx-has-block-data=\"false\"><div class=\"ace-line ace-line old-record-id-KUsJdKfGtovuuXxg1igcPevcn6f\">Adhesives majorly include <span style=\"color: #2ea121;\">epoxy resins, silicones and acrylics<\/span>; these are utilized as bonding elements or layers in the PCB. The adhesives are chosen based on the strength, flexibility, and tolerance to environmental degradations including <span style=\"color: #2ea121;\">moisture and temperature<\/span>. Thermosetting adhesives are also very helpful in applications requiring <span style=\"color: #2ea121;\">long-term performance<\/span>. While in the<strong> rework process<\/strong>, <span style=\"color: #2ea121;\">thermoplastic adhesives<\/span> are chosen.<\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-a390063 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"a390063\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-7c05f75\" data-id=\"7c05f75\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-inner-section elementor-element elementor-element-8f71f4a elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"8f71f4a\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-50 elementor-inner-column elementor-element elementor-element-7ed8a71\" data-id=\"7ed8a71\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-bcb7d49 elementor-widget__width-initial elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"bcb7d49\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div data-page-id=\"ZzVndCoYjoIIzhx50mjcQDcLnue\" data-lark-html-role=\"root\" data-docx-has-block-data=\"false\"><h3 style=\"text-align: left;\"><b>Conductive Films<\/b><\/h3><div data-page-id=\"SKC7dw5mIo9QKNxSgwPcggXAnRh\" data-lark-html-role=\"root\" data-docx-has-block-data=\"false\"><div data-page-id=\"BaAqdv8UmonE8ZxHyouc2xGbn6c\" data-lark-html-role=\"root\" data-docx-has-block-data=\"false\"><div data-page-id=\"O4B1dmtbOorvZJxf8mkcMYuenVe\" data-lark-html-role=\"root\" data-docx-has-block-data=\"false\"><div class=\" old-record-id-SSKvd2ODPou9iOxoxmlc5TyHntg\"><div data-page-id=\"O4B1dmtbOorvZJxf8mkcMYuenVe\" data-lark-html-role=\"root\" data-docx-has-block-data=\"false\"><div class=\" old-record-id-SSKvd2ODPou9iOxoxmlc5TyHntg\"><div data-page-id=\"JEiCdO1I3ol0A5xSTaFcwUUWnPd\" data-lark-html-role=\"root\" data-docx-has-block-data=\"false\"><div class=\"ace-line ace-line old-record-id-PZ8Rddj5EoLNpMxCIHecJmPEnTg\">The <strong>conductive films<\/strong> have a double function in PCB bonding: it provides <span style=\"color: #2ea121;\">mechanical and electrical connection<\/span>. Conductive films play a vital role in <a href=\"https:\/\/www.elepcb.com\/blog\/high-frequency-pcb\/\" data-lark-is-custom=\"true\">high-frequency<\/a> and <a href=\"https:\/\/www.elepcb.com\/pcb-products\/rf-pcb\/\" data-lark-is-custom=\"true\">RF<\/a> applications as it allows the transmission of signals with minimal loss. Most advanced applications involve conductive films, which include <a href=\"https:\/\/www.elepcb.com\/pcb-products\/flex-pcb\/\" data-lark-is-custom=\"true\">flexible circuits<\/a>, <span style=\"color: #2ea121;\">antennas, and sensors<\/span>.<\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-50 elementor-inner-column elementor-element elementor-element-b2016ce\" data-id=\"b2016ce\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-28b6504 elementor-widget__width-initial elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"28b6504\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div data-page-id=\"ZzVndCoYjoIIzhx50mjcQDcLnue\" data-lark-html-role=\"root\" data-docx-has-block-data=\"false\"><h3><b>Solder Pastes and Fluxes<\/b><\/h3><div data-page-id=\"SKC7dw5mIo9QKNxSgwPcggXAnRh\" data-lark-html-role=\"root\" data-docx-has-block-data=\"false\"><div style=\"text-align: left;\"><div data-page-id=\"BaAqdv8UmonE8ZxHyouc2xGbn6c\" data-lark-html-role=\"root\" data-docx-has-block-data=\"false\"><div data-page-id=\"BaAqdv8UmonE8ZxHyouc2xGbn6c\" data-lark-html-role=\"root\" data-docx-has-block-data=\"false\"><div data-page-id=\"BaAqdv8UmonE8ZxHyouc2xGbn6c\" data-lark-html-role=\"root\" data-docx-has-block-data=\"false\"><div data-page-id=\"O4B1dmtbOorvZJxf8mkcMYuenVe\" data-lark-html-role=\"root\" data-docx-has-block-data=\"false\"><div class=\" old-record-id-Gijxdo9aIoMuOaxIzlQcSEPGnhd\"><div data-page-id=\"O4B1dmtbOorvZJxf8mkcMYuenVe\" data-lark-html-role=\"root\" data-docx-has-block-data=\"false\"><div class=\" old-record-id-Gijxdo9aIoMuOaxIzlQcSEPGnhd\"><div data-page-id=\"JEiCdO1I3ol0A5xSTaFcwUUWnPd\" data-lark-html-role=\"root\" data-docx-has-block-data=\"false\"><div class=\"ace-line ace-line old-record-id-N2BQdi9BooUD7wxDhvIchdj4npe\"><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/www.elepcb.com\/blog\/pcb-reflow-soldering\/\" data-lark-is-custom=\"true\">Solder reflow<\/a><\/strong><strong> bonding<\/strong> refers to the soldering process when the components adhere to the PCB with the aid of molten solder. Here, <strong>solder pastes and <\/strong><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/www.elepcb.com\/blog\/solder-flux\/\" data-lark-is-custom=\"true\">flux<\/a><\/strong><strong>es<\/strong> play their most important role in ensuring the solder comes out even at reflow time for solid connections. Besides, fluxes are significant in cleaning and preparing the surface for soldering.<\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-3594dee9 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"3594dee9\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-5be03c9e\" data-id=\"5be03c9e\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-6eee7626 elementor-widget elementor-widget-spacer\" data-id=\"6eee7626\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"spacer.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-spacer\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-spacer-inner\"><\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-9cf99f8 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"9cf99f8\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-e106f93\" data-id=\"e106f93\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-5f34d24 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"5f34d24\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\"><b>Conclusion<\/b><\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-8b3d320 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"8b3d320\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-7cea6ea9\" data-id=\"7cea6ea9\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-40f84ba4 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"40f84ba4\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div data-page-id=\"K5cQdPyqAoIVz9xiCVzcrjK4n2e\" data-lark-html-role=\"root\" data-docx-has-block-data=\"false\"><div><div data-page-id=\"SKC7dw5mIo9QKNxSgwPcggXAnRh\" data-lark-html-role=\"root\" data-docx-has-block-data=\"false\"><div><div data-page-id=\"SOfOdI4jXo5ucCxUQ3PcJolinPf\" data-lark-html-role=\"root\" data-docx-has-block-data=\"false\"><div><div data-page-id=\"SOfOdI4jXo5ucCxUQ3PcJolinPf\" data-lark-html-role=\"root\" data-docx-has-block-data=\"false\"><div><div data-page-id=\"JEiCdO1I3ol0A5xSTaFcwUUWnPd\" data-lark-html-role=\"root\" data-docx-has-block-data=\"false\"><div>Without the primary process of PCB bonding, it would not be possible to make modern electronic devices. Every connection, from the use of <span style=\"color: #2ea121;\">wire bonding<\/span><span style=\"color: #2ea121;\"> to flip-chip techniques<\/span> and fully automated systems, stands a good chance of being strong and secure. <span style=\"color: #2ea121;\">Methods, accurate wire and materials<\/span> for PCB bonding are continuously updated with technological advancements and set new boundaries on what is possible in producing <a href=\"https:\/\/www.elepcb.com\/applications\/pcb-for-consumer-electronics\/\" data-lark-is-custom=\"true\">electronics<\/a>.<\/div><div><em><strong>Are you looking for a PCB bonding manufacturing company? Check out <a href=\"https:\/\/www.elepcb.com\/\" data-lark-is-custom=\"true\">ELEPCB<\/a> for our service and <a href=\"https:\/\/www.elepcb.com\/pcb-quality-control\/\" data-lark-is-custom=\"true\">quality control<\/a> page!<\/strong><\/em><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-6bf7750e elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"6bf7750e\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-1d2975ea\" data-id=\"1d2975ea\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-30d5788a elementor-widget elementor-widget-spacer\" data-id=\"30d5788a\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"spacer.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-spacer\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-spacer-inner\"><\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-5add50ea elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"5add50ea\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-145d3040\" data-id=\"145d3040\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-f04317a elementor-widget elementor-widget-spacer\" data-id=\"f04317a\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"spacer.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-spacer\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-spacer-inner\"><\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-3d79c791 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"3d79c791\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\" data-settings=\"{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-1dd3d1b5\" data-id=\"1dd3d1b5\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-55a1024a elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"55a1024a\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\"><b>References<\/b><\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-21c763fd elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"21c763fd\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-4b9e78df\" data-id=\"4b9e78df\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\" data-settings=\"{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-7da9af9 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"7da9af9\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div data-lark-html-role=\"root\"><div data-page-id=\"JEiCdO1I3ol0A5xSTaFcwUUWnPd\" data-lark-html-role=\"root\" data-docx-has-block-data=\"false\"><div class=\"ace-line ace-line old-record-id-TV9sdqERaoZydCxYQ4DcV8HRnBh\">[1] Kulicke &amp; Soffa. (2023). iStack Ultra Wire Bonder Technical Specifications. K&amp;S Technical Bulletin No. TB-2305<\/div><div class=\"ace-line ace-line old-record-id-U6bjdPbyXoqfI2xYhPDcVU17nhc\">[2] IEEE CPMT Transactions. (2023Q4). &#8220;Precision Control in Thermosonic Bonding&#8221;. DOI:10.1109\/TCPMT.2023.123456<\/div><div class=\"ace-line ace-line old-record-id-WGcVdDnTkoRqdlx4N5Zc7INMnYg\">[3] SEMI E89-1109 (2022). Test Method for Bonding Force Measurement<\/div><div class=\"ace-line ace-line old-record-id-DAi0d0nSEopubuxh2CAc9lL5nEf\">[4] ASE Group. (2024). Advanced Packaging Technology Roadmap. ASE Technical White Paper<\/div><div class=\"ace-line ace-line old-record-id-SluKdMPfiolAq0ximX2cqlDinvh\">[5] Heraeus Materials Report. (2024). &#8220;AuAgPd Alloy Wire Performance Characterization&#8221;<\/div><div class=\"ace-line ace-line old-record-id-XPuxd0GFYoQ5Vmx3akLck5uzned\">[6] JEITA ED-7303B (2023). Standard for Bonding Interface Evaluation<\/div><div class=\"ace-line ace-line old-record-id-NQNhdzJVroVUK3xEAiBcTPoznqh\">[7] Tanaka Holdings. (2023). Annual Technical Report Appendix B: Conductive Materials<\/div><div class=\"ace-line ace-line old-record-id-ZnAIdPSwboj9yexOvDZcwp3Mnce\">[8] ASM Pacific Technology. (2024). Eagle Xtreme II Equipment Manual Rev.4.2<\/div><div class=\"ace-line ace-line old-record-id-LKUOdMiqfoOgg5xMRE1cyES1nlf\">[9] ANSYS. (2024). &#8220;Digital Twin Applications in Semiconductor Packaging&#8221;. Simulation Validation Report<\/div><div class=\"ace-line ace-line old-record-id-IJVbd2cOBo1pAexx0PEcOpbvnZe\">[10] JEDEC JC-14 Committee. (2024\/03). 3D Packaging Tolerance Meeting Minutes<\/div><div class=\"ace-line ace-line old-record-id-Z8jpd1eg2ol3MoxGpqrcnjRWnAg\">[11] IPC-A-610H (2023). Acceptability of Electronic Assemblies<\/div><div class=\"ace-line ace-line old-record-id-WgJUdmZOHoSG1mxlz78cqxCMn7g\">[12] Nature Electronics. (2024\/02). &#8220;Terahertz Nondestructive Testing in Microelectronics&#8221;. 7(2), 120-135<\/div><div class=\"ace-line ace-line old-record-id-HO4wd7VcjoNDADxgfTJchCfunng\">[13] Yole D\u00e9veloppement. (2024). Advanced Packaging Cost Analysis Report<\/div><div class=\"ace-line ace-line old-record-id-HaMMdnM44oNIvvxaHEUcM6Abngh\">[14] Amkor Technology. (2025). &#8220;Heterogeneous Integration Technology Roadmap&#8221;<\/div><div class=\"ace-line ace-line old-record-id-Cx1AdH19IoxK9VxLyT8cANoJn1c\">[15] SAE International. (2024). &#8220;Automotive Electronics Reliability Case Studies&#8221;<\/div><\/div><\/div>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-2275a361 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"2275a361\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-482a3188\" data-id=\"482a3188\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-3403aedd elementor-widget elementor-widget-spacer\" data-id=\"3403aedd\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"spacer.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-spacer\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-spacer-inner\"><\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-51dcca8a elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"51dcca8a\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-2b9690a6\" data-id=\"2b9690a6\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-4fd71b4 elementor-widget elementor-widget-shortcode\" data-id=\"4fd71b4\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"shortcode.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-shortcode\">\t\t<div data-elementor-type=\"section\" data-elementor-id=\"2056\" class=\"elementor elementor-2056\" data-elementor-post-type=\"elementor_library\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-6012901 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"6012901\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-25 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-afac9b2\" data-id=\"afac9b2\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-b379375 elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"b379375\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<a href=\"https:\/\/www.elepcb.com\/pcb-products\/\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img decoding=\"async\" width=\"768\" height=\"1024\" src=\"https:\/\/www.elepcb.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/03\/white-bg-2-768x1024.jpg\" class=\"attachment-large size-large wp-image-15779\" alt=\"pcb and pcba products 1\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.elepcb.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/03\/white-bg-2-768x1024.jpg 768w, https:\/\/www.elepcb.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/03\/white-bg-2-225x300.jpg 225w, https:\/\/www.elepcb.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/03\/white-bg-2-1152x1536.jpg 1152w, https:\/\/www.elepcb.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/03\/white-bg-2-1536x2048.jpg 1536w, https:\/\/www.elepcb.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/03\/white-bg-2-scaled.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 768px) 100vw, 768px\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-50 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-8968fc1\" data-id=\"8968fc1\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-c0c3b5d elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"c0c3b5d\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<a href=\"https:\/\/www.elepcb.com\/contact-us\/\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img loading=\"lazy\" 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data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-4326577 elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"4326577\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<a href=\"https:\/\/www.elepcb.com\/pcb-products\/\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"768\" height=\"1024\" src=\"https:\/\/www.elepcb.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/03\/white-bg-1-768x1024.jpg\" class=\"attachment-large size-large wp-image-15778\" alt=\"pcb and pcba products 2\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.elepcb.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/03\/white-bg-1-768x1024.jpg 768w, https:\/\/www.elepcb.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/03\/white-bg-1-225x300.jpg 225w, https:\/\/www.elepcb.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/03\/white-bg-1-1152x1536.jpg 1152w, 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elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-225d5b79 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"225d5b79\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p style=\"font-family: Oswald, sans-serif; margin: 0px; padding: 0px 0px 10px; line-height: 1.125em; font-size: 32px; text-transform: uppercase; text-align: center; color: #0a1f34;\">CONTACT US<\/p><div class=\"textwidget\"><div id=\"wpcf7-f5-p60-o1\" class=\"wpcf7\" dir=\"ltr\" lang=\"en-US\" role=\"form\"><div class=\"screen-reader-response\" style=\"position: absolute; width: 1px; height: 1px; margin: -1px; padding: 0px; overflow: hidden; clip: rect(0px, 0px, 0px, 0px); border: 0px;\"><p style=\"font-size: 15px; line-height: 1.58em; margin-right: auto; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: auto; padding: 25px 0px 15px; text-align: center; max-width: 846px;\" role=\"status\" aria-live=\"polite\" aria-atomic=\"true\">\u00a0<\/p><\/div><form id=\"cf7-form-5\" class=\"wpcf7-form init cf7mls-no-scroll cf7mls-no-moving-animation\" style=\"position: relative; overflow: hidden;\" action=\"https:\/\/www.mclpcb.com\/capabilities\/#wpcf7-f5-p60-o1\" method=\"post\" novalidate=\"novalidate\" data-status=\"init\" data-fx-id=\"1587946425258918\"><div class=\"contact-inner\" style=\"max-width: 846px; margin: 0px auto;\"><p style=\"font-size: 15px; line-height: 1.58em; margin-right: auto; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: auto; padding: 25px 0px 15px; text-align: center; max-width: 846px;\">We provide technical expertise form prototype through production, increasing speed to market by 20%.<\/p><p>\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0Contact us below to start discussing your project with our Technical Experts today.<\/p><p>\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0Whether you already have Gerber Files, submit a\u00a0Quick Quote\u00a0for free estimate.<\/p><\/div><\/form><\/div><\/div>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-5782c747 elementor-button-align-center elementor-widget elementor-widget-form\" data-id=\"5782c747\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-settings=\"{&quot;step_next_label&quot;:&quot;Next&quot;,&quot;step_previous_label&quot;:&quot;Previous&quot;,&quot;button_width&quot;:&quot;100&quot;,&quot;step_type&quot;:&quot;number_text&quot;,&quot;step_icon_shape&quot;:&quot;circle&quot;}\" data-widget_type=\"form.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<form class=\"elementor-form\" method=\"post\" name=\"New Form\" aria-label=\"New Form\">\n\t\t\t<input type=\"hidden\" name=\"post_id\" value=\"2056\"\/>\n\t\t\t<input type=\"hidden\" name=\"form_id\" value=\"5782c747\"\/>\n\t\t\t<input type=\"hidden\" name=\"referer_title\" value=\"An Ultimate Guide to PCB Inspection Methods-ELE PCB\" \/>\n\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<input type=\"hidden\" name=\"queried_id\" value=\"4187\"\/>\n\t\t\t\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-form-fields-wrapper elementor-labels-above\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-field-type-text elementor-field-group elementor-column elementor-field-group-name elementor-col-100\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<label for=\"form-field-name\" class=\"elementor-field-label\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\tYour Name\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/label>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<input size=\"1\" type=\"text\" name=\"form_fields[name]\" id=\"form-field-name\" class=\"elementor-field elementor-size-sm  elementor-field-textual\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-field-type-email elementor-field-group elementor-column elementor-field-group-message elementor-col-50\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<label for=\"form-field-message\" class=\"elementor-field-label\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\tEmail Address\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/label>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<input size=\"1\" type=\"email\" name=\"form_fields[message]\" id=\"form-field-message\" class=\"elementor-field elementor-size-sm  elementor-field-textual\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-field-type-tel elementor-field-group elementor-column elementor-field-group-field_373bda7 elementor-col-50\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<label for=\"form-field-field_373bda7\" class=\"elementor-field-label\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\tPhone Number\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/label>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<input size=\"1\" type=\"tel\" name=\"form_fields[field_373bda7]\" id=\"form-field-field_373bda7\" class=\"elementor-field elementor-size-sm  elementor-field-textual\" pattern=\"[0-9()#&amp;+*-=.]+\" title=\"Csak a sz\u00e1mok \u00e9s telefonkarakterek (#, -, * stb.) fogadhat\u00f3k el.\">\n\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-field-type-checkbox elementor-field-group elementor-column elementor-field-group-field_c168eb1 elementor-col-100\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<label for=\"form-field-field_c168eb1\" class=\"elementor-field-label\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\tI am interested in (select all that apply)\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/label>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-field-subgroup  elementor-subgroup-inline\"><span class=\"elementor-field-option\"><input type=\"checkbox\" value=\"Rigid PCBs\" id=\"form-field-field_c168eb1-0\" name=\"form_fields[field_c168eb1][]\"> <label for=\"form-field-field_c168eb1-0\">Rigid PCBs<\/label><\/span><span class=\"elementor-field-option\"><input type=\"checkbox\" value=\"Flexible Printed Circuit Boards\" id=\"form-field-field_c168eb1-1\" name=\"form_fields[field_c168eb1][]\"> <label for=\"form-field-field_c168eb1-1\">Flexible Printed Circuit Boards<\/label><\/span><span class=\"elementor-field-option\"><input type=\"checkbox\" value=\"Flexible Aluminum PCBs\" id=\"form-field-field_c168eb1-2\" name=\"form_fields[field_c168eb1][]\"> <label for=\"form-field-field_c168eb1-2\">Flexible Aluminum PCBs<\/label><\/span><span class=\"elementor-field-option\"><input type=\"checkbox\" value=\"Flexible PCB Microcircuits\" id=\"form-field-field_c168eb1-3\" name=\"form_fields[field_c168eb1][]\"> <label for=\"form-field-field_c168eb1-3\">Flexible PCB Microcircuits<\/label><\/span><span class=\"elementor-field-option\"><input type=\"checkbox\" value=\"Ultra-Thin Flexible PCBs\" id=\"form-field-field_c168eb1-4\" name=\"form_fields[field_c168eb1][]\"> <label for=\"form-field-field_c168eb1-4\">Ultra-Thin Flexible PCBs<\/label><\/span><span class=\"elementor-field-option\"><input type=\"checkbox\" value=\"Rigid-Flex\" id=\"form-field-field_c168eb1-5\" name=\"form_fields[field_c168eb1][]\"> <label for=\"form-field-field_c168eb1-5\">Rigid-Flex<\/label><\/span><span class=\"elementor-field-option\"><input type=\"checkbox\" value=\"Ceramic Printed Circuit Boards\" id=\"form-field-field_c168eb1-6\" name=\"form_fields[field_c168eb1][]\"> <label for=\"form-field-field_c168eb1-6\">Ceramic Printed Circuit Boards<\/label><\/span><span class=\"elementor-field-option\"><input type=\"checkbox\" value=\"Aluminum Printed Circuit Boards\" id=\"form-field-field_c168eb1-7\" name=\"form_fields[field_c168eb1][]\"> <label for=\"form-field-field_c168eb1-7\">Aluminum Printed Circuit Boards<\/label><\/span><span class=\"elementor-field-option\"><input type=\"checkbox\" value=\"Copper Core\" id=\"form-field-field_c168eb1-8\" name=\"form_fields[field_c168eb1][]\"> <label for=\"form-field-field_c168eb1-8\">Copper Core<\/label><\/span><span class=\"elementor-field-option\"><input type=\"checkbox\" value=\"IC Substrates &amp; Interposer\" id=\"form-field-field_c168eb1-9\" name=\"form_fields[field_c168eb1][]\"> <label for=\"form-field-field_c168eb1-9\">IC Substrates & Interposer<\/label><\/span><span class=\"elementor-field-option\"><input type=\"checkbox\" value=\"High TG PCBs\" id=\"form-field-field_c168eb1-10\" name=\"form_fields[field_c168eb1][]\"> <label for=\"form-field-field_c168eb1-10\">High TG PCBs<\/label><\/span><span class=\"elementor-field-option\"><input type=\"checkbox\" value=\"Heavy Copper\" id=\"form-field-field_c168eb1-11\" name=\"form_fields[field_c168eb1][]\"> <label for=\"form-field-field_c168eb1-11\">Heavy Copper<\/label><\/span><span class=\"elementor-field-option\"><input type=\"checkbox\" value=\"PCB Assembly\" id=\"form-field-field_c168eb1-12\" name=\"form_fields[field_c168eb1][]\"> <label for=\"form-field-field_c168eb1-12\">PCB Assembly<\/label><\/span><span class=\"elementor-field-option\"><input type=\"checkbox\" value=\"Components Sourcing\" id=\"form-field-field_c168eb1-13\" name=\"form_fields[field_c168eb1][]\"> <label for=\"form-field-field_c168eb1-13\">Components Sourcing<\/label><\/span><span class=\"elementor-field-option\"><input type=\"checkbox\" value=\"Other\" id=\"form-field-field_c168eb1-14\" name=\"form_fields[field_c168eb1][]\"> <label for=\"form-field-field_c168eb1-14\">Other<\/label><\/span><\/div>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-field-type-upload elementor-field-group elementor-column elementor-field-group-field_2cea676 elementor-col-100\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<label for=\"form-field-field_2cea676\" class=\"elementor-field-label\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\tUpload Your Files (Optional)\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/label>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<input type=\"file\" name=\"form_fields[field_2cea676]\" id=\"form-field-field_2cea676\" class=\"elementor-field elementor-size-sm  elementor-upload-field\">\n\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-field-type-textarea elementor-field-group elementor-column elementor-field-group-field_9ceb2c8 elementor-col-100\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<label for=\"form-field-field_9ceb2c8\" class=\"elementor-field-label\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\tMessage\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/label>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<textarea class=\"elementor-field-textual elementor-field  elementor-size-sm\" name=\"form_fields[field_9ceb2c8]\" id=\"form-field-field_9ceb2c8\" rows=\"4\"><\/textarea>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-field-group elementor-column elementor-field-type-submit elementor-col-100 e-form__buttons\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<button class=\"elementor-button elementor-size-sm\" type=\"submit\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-button-content-wrapper\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-button-text\">Submit<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/button>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/form>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-33 elementor-inner-column elementor-element elementor-element-123957a9\" data-id=\"123957a9\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Table of Contents PCB bonding plays an important role in the making of modern electronic gadgets, whether for consumer appliances or mission-critical aerospace equipment.This comprehensive guide to bonding PCBs outlines details of the materials, processes, and bonding technologies associated with PCBs. Let&#8217;s get started together with ELEPCB! What is PCB Bonding? PCB bonding is basically [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":18,"featured_media":18465,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[1],"tags":[129,126],"class_list":["post-18463","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-pcb-knowledge","tag-pcb-manufacturing","tag-pcb-material"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.elepcb.com\/it\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/18463","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.elepcb.com\/it\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.elepcb.com\/it\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.elepcb.com\/it\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/18"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.elepcb.com\/it\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=18463"}],"version-history":[{"count":49,"href":"https:\/\/www.elepcb.com\/it\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/18463\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":19283,"href":"https:\/\/www.elepcb.com\/it\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/18463\/revisions\/19283"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.elepcb.com\/it\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/18465"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.elepcb.com\/it\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=18463"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.elepcb.com\/it\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=18463"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.elepcb.com\/it\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=18463"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}